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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Intracranial metastases in prostate cancer.

In a clinicopathologic review of 126 autopsied cases with prostate cancer, 14 demonstrated intracranial metastases. Only two of nine symptomatic patients were evaluated for suspected central nervous system metastases prior to death, and five asymptomatic patients were incidentally found to have metastases at autopsy. Intracranial metastases in prostate cancer occur in the setting of widespread disease, and tissue pathology may reveal moderately to poorly differentiated tumor (11 of 14 cases).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Metastatic neuroblastoma arising in an ovarian teratoma with long-term survival. Case report and review of the literature.

A case of neuroblastoma arising in an immature teratoma of the ovary in a 22-year-old woman is reported. Differentiation was grade 3 in the primary and metastases. Metastases to retroperitoneal, mediastinal, and supraclavicular lymph nodes and to bone were diagnosed 2 years after presentation of the primary tumor. Electron microscopic study demonstrated dense-core granules of the neurosecretory elements. Treatment with combination chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy resulted in complete remission which continues to the time of this report, more than 4 years after diagnosis of the primary tumor. Prolonged survival of metastasizing grade 3 immature teratoma is distinctly uncommon. The literature pertaining to this unusual tumor and to neuroblastoma of adults is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Clinical and pathologic review of 48 cases of chordoma.

The results of treatment of 48 patients with the diagnosis of chordoma during the period 1931 to 1981 at the Massachusetts General Hospital were reviewed. Fourteen patients were treated with surgery alone: eight patients with primary tumors in the sacrococcygeal region were treated with radical surgery and four are alive with no evidence of disease (NED) with follow-up of 8 to 20 years. Recurrent tumors in six patients were treated with surgery alone resulting in long palliation (3-25 years). The actuarial survival rate at 5 years for all patients treated with surgery was 76%. Radiation therapy was used in patients after either a biopsy (15), partial excision (17), or before radical excision in 2 patients. To achieve a worthwhile level of palliation, doses greater than 4000 cGy were required. High-dose levels (greater than 6500 cGy) were achieved in nine cases by a combination of photon and 160 MeV proton beams. The results to date of this approach for lesions of the base of skull and cervical vertebral body are encouraging: high local control and low morbidity. The 5-year actuarial survival rate of all patients treated with radiation was 50%.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1992

Adenocarcinoma of the prostate presenting initially as an intracerebral tumor.

BACKGROUND: The authors report a patient who was admitted to the hospital with neurologic symptoms and signs that were thought to be caused by a primary intracranial tumor. METHODS: Craniotomy resulted in successful resection of an occipital lobe tumor reported histologically as a papillary adenocarcinoma, probably metastatic from the kidney. However, a complete diagnostic study failed to demonstrate the primary focus. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Thirteen months later, the patient was readmitted to the hospital and found to have metastatic prostatic carcinoma. Immunoperoxidase staining for prostatic acid phosphatase of the prostatic tissue and of the previously resected brain tumor tissue indicated that the brain lesion was metastatic from the prostate.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

Compromise of the spinal canal in Proteus syndrome.

We report on 2 children with spinal stenosis and neurologic sequelae. They illustrate the 2 ways in which spinal compromise may develop in Proteus syndrome--vertebral anomalies or tumor infiltration. In one patient, spinal stenosis resulted from an angular kyphoscoliosis. In the other, cord compression resulted from infiltration of a paraspinal, intrathoracic angiolipoma.

Angiolipoma↗
PubMed1989

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of sacrococcygeal chordoma.

The fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of four cases of chordoma that were diagnosed preoperatively is presented. One of the cases showed anaplastic components along with the classical features of chordoma; this is probably the second case diagnosed with these features on FNAC. The cytologic features of classical chordoma include conspicuous extracellular matrix in the background. Polygonal cells, dissociated and in small groups, were identified in all cases. Physaliphorous cells were also prominently found in these cases. In addition, the case with anaplastic features showed very bizarre cells with profound multinucleation and the presence of intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions. The diagnosis of chordoma was possible because of a high index of suspicion on clinical grounds and the use of special staining for confirmation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Malignant mesothelioma with bone metastases.

Malignant mesothelioma has rarely been reported to metastasize to bone. This is a report of a 71-year-old man who presented with pleural mesothelioma. After a course of chemotherapy, the patient developed lower back pain. Plain X-ray and bone scan were negative for metastases, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple metastatic lesions to the thoracolumbar vertebrae. Subsequent lumbar spine biopsy confirmed the presence of malignant mesothelioma. The patient then received radiation therapy. This report illustrates an unusual presentation for malignant mesothelioma and shows that, in addition, when bone metastases are clinically suspected, MRI may be a useful adjunct to more conventional imaging approach.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Osteosarcoma of the trunk treated by multimodal therapy: experience of the Cooperative Osteosarcoma study group (COSS).

The case histories of all patients with osteosarcoma of the trunk entered into the consecutive studies COSS 80 through COSS 86 of the Cooperative German/Austrian Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS) were analyzed in order to evaluate their clinical characteristics and the impact of modern neoadjuvant therapy on prognosis. They were compared to those of all patients with extremity osteosarcoma treated according to the same protocols. While tumors of the trunk comprised only 32 (4.8%) of 665 primary classical osteosarcomas, secondary osteosarcomas were much more likely to be located in bones of the axial skeleton (6 of 18, 33%). Patients with primary osteosarcoma of the axial skeleton were older (mean: 20.8 vs. 15.2 years, P < 0.01) and were more likely to present with metastases at diagnosis (34% vs 12%, P < 0.001) than those with primary extremity osteosarcoma. In contrast to extremity tumors, local surgical treatment failure was very common in osteosarcomas of the trunk. Complete tumor removal was achieved in less than half of all evaluable cases. The prognosis of eight patients with localized primary axial osteosarcoma and effective surgical local control was not inferior to that of 483 equally evaluable patients with extremity tumors. In conclusion, while secondary systemic spread of axial osteosarcoma may be avoided in patients treated with multiagent chemotherapy, successful treatment is often barred by primary metastatic disease and inability to control the local tumor site.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Pattern of prostate cancer metastasis to the vertebral column.

We examined 34 thoracic and lumbar vertebrae in eight patients with prostate cancer to elucidate the pattern of metastasis to the vertebral column. Computed tomography of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae was performed before treatment for the prostate cancer. Metastatic lesions were confirmed both by the recognition of osteoblastic and/or osteolytic lesions on CT and by histological identification at autopsy. Localized metastatic lesions were observed mostly in the peripheral rather than the central part of the vertebral body. There were no differences in distribution of lesions between the anterior and posterior parts of the vertebral body. There was no primary involvement of tumor in the spinous and transverse processes. These findings indicated that the major metastatic pathway to the vertebral column is via the vertebral venous system, and it appears that prostate cancer cells first metastasize to the vertebral body and then spread secondarily to the processes or other vertebrae.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Bone marrow MRI in prostate cancer.

Normal bone marrow MRI has a distinct pattern with STIR pulse sequence MRI. The central low signal intensity area corresponds to fatty marrow. The red marrow is distributed in the peripheral portion of the vertebrae and shows a high signal intensity. Prostatic cancer metastases to the bone marrow revealed a high signal intensity with STIR. Prior to the appearance of an abnormal scintigram and radiograph, MRI was able to depict an abnormality.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1976

Experimental induction of bone tumors by short-lived bone-seeking radionuclides.

Single and repeated applications of 224Ra and single applications of 227Th to more than 600 female NMRI mice 3 - 4 weeks old, and to male NMRI mice have led to a high rate of osteosarcomas. Tumor incidence is dose-related. 227Th is more carcinogenic than 224Ra which induced the highest tumor incidence of 60% after a single injection of 5 muCi per Kg body weight or more. Repeated injections of 224Ra to female mice yielded a tumor incidence of up to 92%. Most of these osteosarcomas consist of well-differentiated bone-forming osteoplastic tissue. Half of the tumors occurred in the spine, particularly in the lumbar region. In protraction experiments, multifocal osteosarcomas have been observed. Less than 10% of the mice with osteosarcoma had developed metastases in lung, spleen, liver, and kidney. The possible mechanisms of the protraction effect are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Literature statistics do not support a growth stimulating role for female sex steroid hormones in haemangiomas and meningiomas.

A literature review of pregnancy-related vertebral haemangiomas, pregnancy-related haemangiomas outside the nervous system and its coverings, and pregnancy-related meningiomas was performed. All three conditions tended to occur during the first pregnancy, the second or third trimester, to ameliorate postpartum, and to recur during a subsequent pregnancy. These results suggested a hormonal influence on the clinical expression of haemangiomas and meningiomas. To test whether a hormonal factor is also operative in the (not pregnancy related) symptomatic and asymptomatic counterparts of these conditions we also reviewed the literature concerning the symptomatic and asymptomatic haemangiomas and meningiomas for the following: frequency, sex and age distribution. No arguments were found to suggest that steroid hormones are strong factors in the development of asymptomatic and symptomatic lesions. The pregnancy-related counterparts have to be considered as subsets with their own behaviour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Anterior cervical fusion with the Caspar instrumentation system.

We reviewed 106 consecutive patients who had undergone anterior cervical fusion with the Caspar instrumentation system between 1984 and 1989. Preoperative diagnoses were cervical spondylosis in 73 patients, a traumatic lesion in 12, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in 9, cervical disc herniation in 6, and tumour or miscellaneous lesions in 6. In the 106 patients, 56 had two levels fused and 27 had three levels fused. At an average duration of follow-up of 4 years and 7 months, nonunion occurred in 3 of the 83 patients with multiple level fusions. Screw loosening occurred in 8 of the 106 patients, but there was no oesophageal perforation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

MR imaging of skeletal metastases from medulloblastoma.

The findings of MR imaging in 3 patients with bone metastases from medulloblastoma are reported. The first patient showed focal lesions of low signal intensity on T1-weighted spin echo images at a time when bone scintigraphy was negative for metastases. This patient later developed extensive osteosclerotic lesions visible on plain films. The bone marrow of the second patient showed diffuse low signal intensity on T1-weighted images. After chemotherapy the signal intensity of the bone marrow increased which correlated with a return of normal hematopoietic tissue. A response to chemotherapy was also found on MR imaging and repeat bone marrow biopsies in a third patient. A consistent finding was a low signal intensity on pre-gadolinium images, but the pattern (focal or diffuse abnormal signal intensity) was different in each patient. To our knowledge, this is the first report on MR imaging findings in bone metastases from medulloblastoma.

Acetabulum↗