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Results for “Video Recording”

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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

A simple electronic device for time-lapse recording of neural and other cell movements using a home video cassette recorder.

This article describes a simple electronic unit to obtain time-lapse recordings with the use of a common remote-controlled home video cassette recorder, for example a VHS recorder. The electronic unit is a timer to be connected to the remote-control unit. The video cassette recorder itself remains unchanged. Replay of the recorded images speeds up the original process by a factor of 2-100 x or more. This technique has been applied in video micrographic studies of (1) the development of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells in culture, including growth cone and Schwann cell movements, and (2) tumor cell killing by natural killer (NK) cells.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Video techniques and data compared with observation in emergency trauma care.

Video recording is underused in improving patient safety and understanding performance shaping factors in patient care. We report our experience of using video recording techniques in a trauma centre, including how to gain cooperation of clinicians for video recording of their workplace performance, identify strengths of video compared with observation, and suggest processes for consent and maintenance of confidentiality of video records. Video records are a rich source of data for documenting clinician performance which reveal safety and systems issues not identified by observation. Emergency procedures and video records of critical events identified patient safety, clinical, quality assurance, systems failures, and ergonomic issues. Video recording is a powerful feedback and training tool and provides a reusable record of events that can be repeatedly reviewed and used as research data. It allows expanded analyses of time critical events, trauma resuscitation, anaesthesia, and surgical tasks. To overcome some of the key obstacles in deploying video recording techniques, researchers should (1) develop trust with video recorded subjects, (2) obtain clinician participation for introduction of a new protocol or line of investigation, (3) report aggregated video recorded data and use clinician reviews for feedback on covert processes and cognitive analyses, and (4) involve multidisciplinary experts in medicine and nursing.

Feedback↗

PubMed1985

A high capacity data recording device based on a digital audio processor and a video cassette recorder.

A modified digital audio processor, a video cassette recorder, and some simple added circuitry are assembled into a recording device of high capacity. The unit converts two analog channels into digital form at 44-kHz sampling rate and stores the information in digital form in a common video cassette. Bandwidth of each channel is from direct current to approximately 20 kHz and the dynamic range is close to 90 dB. The total storage capacity in a 3-h video cassette is 2 Gbytes. The information can be retrieved in analog or digital form.

Computers↗

PubMed1992

[Image filing system for radiotherapy using a video tape recorder].

The compact media of video tape is applied to store medical images with spoken reporting. Video tape recorder (VTR), personal computer, and video/computer interface constitute our image filing system. VTR is controlled automatically by personal computer. Our system enable to file images including moving images, and color images easily, and established cheap and useful image filing system.

Humans↗

PubMed2003

[Electro-mechanic steering device for head-lamp mounted miniature video cameras].

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic or microscopic video recordings set a widely established standard for medico-legal documentation of operative procedures. In addition, they are an essential part of undergraduate as well as postgraduate medical education. Macroscopic operations in the head and neck can be recorded by miniaturised video cameras attached to the surgeon's head lamp. METHODS: The authors present an electro-mechanic steering device which has been designed to overcome the parallax error created with a head-mounted video camera, especially as the distance of the camera to the operative field varies. RESULTS: The device can be operated by the theatre staff, while the sterility of the operative field is maintained and the surgeon's physical working range remains unrestricted. As the video image is reliably centred to the operative field throughout the procedure, a better orientation and understanding for spectators who are unfamiliar with the surgical steps is obtained. CONCLUSIONS: While other adverse factors to macroscopic head-mounted video recordings, such as involuntary head movements of the surgeon, remain unchanged, the device adds to a higher quality of video documentation as it relieves the surgeon from adjusting the image field to the regions of interest. Additional benefit could be derived from an auto-focus feature or from image stabilising devices.

Endoscopy↗

PubMed2001

Characterization of particulate emissions from occupant activities in offices.

This paper characterizes the relationship between occupant activities and indoor air particulate levels in a non-smoking office building. Occupant activities were recorded on video. Particulate concentrations were monitored by three optical particle counters (OPCs) in five size ranges at three heights. Particulate mass concentrations were measured gravimetrically and bioaerosol concentrations were determined by impaction methods. Occupant activities and number concentrations were determined with 1-min resolution over a 1-week period. Occupant activities such as walking past or visiting the monitoring site explained 24-55% of the variation of 1- to 25-micron diameter particle number concentrations. Statistical models associating particulate concentrations with occupant activities depended on the size fraction and included an autocorrelative term. Occupant activities are estimated to contribute up to 10 micrograms m-3 in particulate concentrations per person. Number concentrations of particles smaller than 1 micron had little correlation with indoor activities other than cigarette smoking and were highly correlated with outdoor levels. The method can be used to characterize emissions from activities if rapid measurements can be made and if activities can be coded from the video record.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1999

[Digital recording in neurosurgery].

The purpose of this study is to examine the image quality of multi-media for digital recording of surgical procedure using an operating microscope in neurosurgery. For video recording, high vision recording, digital video recording and analogue VHS recording were used. For still pictures, an analogue camera with 35 mm silver halide film and a micro-digital camera were used. The quality of photographs taken with a microdigital camera was superior to the quality of those taken with the conventional 35 mm film camera. The micro-digital camera system is superior to the conventional 35 mm camera in neurosurgery in its quality and success rate. In video recording, high vision analogue recording was superior to any other media as far as its image quality is concerned although its practical convenience is limited and cost performance is not always good. On the other hand, digital video can record high quality images, including still pictures, with satisfactory quality to the neurosurgeon. These digital recording media are also space saving for storing the huge amount of data obtained during surgery and the cost-performance is superior to that of the conventional method. In the near future, most of surgical procedures are supposed to be expected using digital media.

Humans↗

PubMed1991

Parabolic flight as a tool to measure ocular counterrotation in a reduced force environment.

Five unmedicated subjects were flown in parabolic flight. The aircraft, a Caravelle, performed single parabolae every 2 to four minutes. This resulted in alternating phases of normal, hyper-, hypo- and again hyper-gravity. Subjects sat yoga fashion upright facing towards the aircraft cockpit. Head and/or trunk were deflected 30 degrees from the upright, stimulating otolith and/or neck receptors. During each pullup, low-g phase and pullout of the parabolae a picture of the left eye was recorded on video tape. On the ground ocular roll (OCR) was determined from these video recordings. OCR ranged from 0.9 to 6.9 degrees in l-g and from 1 to 7.2 degrees under high-g, depending on head and trunk position. Neck receptor contribution was found to induce OCR of 0.2 degree to 2.1 degrees in two subjects.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Videoarthroscopy: review and state of the art.

Since the introduction of videoarthroscopy, there has been rapid technological advancement. The charged couple device (CCD) has become the standard small pickup unit for the present cameras. The video signal processing and transfer has been modified and improved. New Y/C or super VHS and red, green, blue (RGB) systems have been associated with improvements in monitors, video recorders, and video printers. Measurements of video quality such as resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, pixels, and contrast have been confusing to clinicians evaluating these new systems. Equipment compatibility and the weak-link theory is important to understand when selecting new equipment. This review article presents an update for the clinician who wants more information to differentiate among the new video arthroscopic systems.

Arthroscopy↗

PubMed2005

Better adherence to the guidelines during cardiopulmonary resuscitation through the provision of audio-prompts.

OBJECTIVE: Quality assurance to optimize clinical resuscitation performance is important. The aims of the present study were to identify the deficiencies in the clinical practice of resuscitation by motion analysis of video-recorded cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and to evaluate the effectiveness of quality improvement strategies based on audio-prompt methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A two-stage prospective trial was conducted. The first stage (observation group) was designed to identify any major clinical nonconformity to current resuscitation guidelines by videotaped CPR sessions. The second stage (intervention group) was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of audio prompts in ameliorating the problems identified at the first stage. The demographic data of patients and CPR variables between the two groups were analysed. RESULTS: A total of 30 resuscitation attempts were recorded during study period: 17 patients were in the observation group and 13 patients in the intervention group. Inadequate number of chest compressions per minute, lack of re-oxygenation during prolonged intubation attempts and unnecessary hands-off periods were identified as the three most important deficiencies in CPR practice. Compared to the observation group, the intervention group showed a significant improvement in the hands-off period per minute during CPR (12.7 +/- 5.3 s versus 16.9+/-7.9 s, P < 0.05), the total hands-off time during CPR (164 +/- 94 s versus 273 +/- 153 s, P < 0.05), the proportion of intubation attempts taking under 20 s (56.3% versus 10%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Audio-prompts can improve the adherence to current CPR guidelines in the clinical setting significantly. The quality improvement measures described in this study are helpful in translating CPR knowledge into clinical practice.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The interactional significance of formulas in autistic language.

The phenomenon of echolalia in autistic language is well documented. Whilst much early research dismissed echolalia as merely an indicator of cognitive limitation, later work identified particular discourse functions of echolalic utterances. The work reported here extends the study of the interactional significance of echolalia to formulaic utterances. Audio and video recordings of conversations between the first author and two research participants were transcribed and analysed according to a Conversation Analysis framework and a multi-layered linguistic framework. Formulaic language was found to have predictable interactional significance within the language of an individual with autism, and the generic phenomenon of formulaicity in company with predictable discourse function was seen to hold across the research participants, regardless of cognitive ability. The implications of formulaicity in autistic language for acquisition and processing mechanisms are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

An audio-visual corpus for speech perception and automatic speech recognition.

An audio-visual corpus has been collected to support the use of common material in speech perception and automatic speech recognition studies. The corpus consists of high-quality audio and video recordings of 1000 sentences spoken by each of 34 talkers. Sentences are simple, syntactically identical phrases such as "place green at B 4 now". Intelligibility tests using the audio signals suggest that the material is easily identifiable in quiet and low levels of stationary noise. The annotated corpus is available on the web for research use.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed2001

Opening the black box: why we need a PBL talkbank database.

BACKGROUND: Interest runs high these days in developing "evidence-based" reviews to provide guidelines for instructional practice. However, we lack careful documentation of the ways in which the practices of problem-based learning (PBL) vary across groups and across implementations. A necessary starting point for developing any sweeping conclusions about the efficacy of PBL as an instructional innovation, therefore, is that we begin to become more articulate about what it is that people do when they say they are doing PBL. SUMMARY: A proposal is offered for a new initiative in medical education research, one focused on documenting the range of practices employed in different implementations of PBL. A vital facet of this initiative would be the development of a shared corpus of video recordings referred to here as the "PBL TalkBank database." CONCLUSIONS: We propose that medical educators adopt the tradition employed in linguistics and communication studies of creating shared data corpora. The corpus in this case would consist of recordings, transcripts, and research notes documenting PBL practices in different PBL curricula. Preliminary work has been undertaken to develop such a database, and we invite the participation of other researchers.

Databases, Factual↗

PubMed2005

The effectiveness of video support in the teaching of manual skills related to initial periodontal therapy tested on phantoms.

INTRODUCTION: The teaching of manual skills and competencies is among the most time-consuming aspects of oral health-care education, especially when large groups of students are involved. Video has been repeatedly used as an educational tool with varying results. PURPOSE: The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a computer-based video support system during practical training of manual skills and competencies related to periodontal treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-four students were randomized into 9 groups: 5 experimental and 4 control groups. The control groups received instruction in the use of scaling and root planing instruments during a 7-hour seminar, and 2 hours of manual practice. The experimental groups received the same instruction, but in addition had access to a computer-based video support system, the Visual Training System (VTS), during practical training. During the 2-hour long practice session, all students practiced 21 different procedures, which were video recorded. The videos were later evaluated by an independent observer. RESULTS: On the whole, the students in the experimental group performed significantly better than their colleagues in the control group. Specifically, the groups that utilized the VTS video support performed significantly better in 9 of the 21 procedures tested. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that this computer-based video support can be an effective aid in the teaching of manual skills related to oral health care.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Capillary growth in the mesentery of normal young rats. Intravital video and electron microscope analyses.

Capillary sprouting was studied by a combination of intravital video recording and subsequent electron microscopy in the mesentery of young female rats without previous experimental manipulation. Selected segments of the mesenteric microvascular bed with capillary sprouts were carefully surveyed and mapped at a monitor magnification of 255 times and submitted to detailed in vivo analysis concerning flow pattern and cells at 2000 times magnification. The mesentery was preserved for light and electron microscopy by a superfusion of glutaraldehyde while observed and recorded on video, confirming earlier investigations that this type of fixation does preserve exceptionally well vascular topography and diameters of the mesenteric microvascular bed. Capillary sprouts originated as endothelial spurs from arteriolar-venular arcades and continued to grow in size through a bipolar rearrangement of endothelial cells, forming a solid sprout tip which progressively lengthened by alternately rapid and slow growth phases. The extended leading tip of the migrating endothelial cells displayed microspikes and pseudopodia denuded of basal lamina. The cytoplasm of the leading tip contained an array of microtubules, 75 A filaments and many small vesicles. In similarity with the situation in nerve growth cones, all these organelles probably participate in cytoplasmic streaming and cell migration. The sprout lumen arose between endothelial cells of the solid sprout. Mesenteric connective tissue fibroblasts approached and settled down on the sprouts, being converted to pericytes as the fibroblasts became enveloped by a basal lamina. The pericytes reinforced the wall of the delicate and fragile capillary sprouts, and trapped plasma, platelets and red blood cells which had leaked out temporarily, in the process assuming an umbrella shape. The arteriolar feeder of the arcades was surrounded by cells which were classified as intermediate between pericytes and true smooth muscle cells. Sprouts that presumably were on the verge of merging with other capillaries were analyzed for indications of how anastomoses are formed.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

Reduced radiation exposure in orthopaedic surgery. Experience with video disc recording in nailing of fractured hips.

Radiation exposure from conventional fluoroscopy and from video disc recording was estimated during routine nailing of hip fractures. Mean fluoroscopic time with conventional fluoroscopy was 385 +/- 168 s. and with video disc recording 24 +/- 9 s. The time required for the X-ray system to form one television image, as well as the actual radiation exposure, were measured on a phantom under conditions that simulated hip nailing. Radiation exposure was 90% less with video disc recording than with conventional fluoroscopy. The use of a video disc recorder in orthopaedic operations requiring radiographic control is strongly advocated.

Fluoroscopy↗

PubMed1983

Pseudo-on-line fast response microvessel dimensions video graphic recorder with electrical signal output.

The present article describes a new method of microvessel dimensions measurement in which a writing oscilloscope is used to continuously and graphically record the microvessel video signal from television microscopy at a fast rate of 50 records per second. Dimensions of interest, such as the microvessel red blood cell flux diameter, are then easily marked out manually from the graphic records and a dynamic electrical signal proportional to the dimensions is generated. The signal is then recorded on one channel of a multichannel voltage recorder and is synchronised with other experimental signals which have previously been recorded on-line during the experiment. The result is that the dimension signal appears to have been recorded on-line during the experiment as well. This is desirable for electronic signal correlation and processing. This method is useful when poor experimental conditions, commonly encountered, make automatic recording of microvessel dimension unsatisfactory and manual inspection and processing become necessary.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

[Consideration of the mechanisms of head injury in boxing--case report (author's transl)].

A case of a boxer aged 26 years who was knocked out by a series of five punches and died in consequence after 3 days was reported. This boxing match was recorded incidentally by video recorder, so that we could consider the mechanisms of the head injury and reveal the correlation between the punches on the head and the brain damages, comparing the video-record with the autopsy findings. The post-mortem examination showed that there were a slight subdural hematoma on the convex surface of the right cerebral hemisphere and a marked cerebral contusion from both frontal bases to the inside of the right temporal lobe and from the left thalamus to the upper part of the mesencephalon. Characteristically, these contusions occupied the central and anterior part of the brain. From the localization of the contusion, it was supposed that these damages were caused by the hasty twist and strain of the brain and brainstem, when the head was quickly rotated around the cervical column in horizontal direction by the punches. The analysis of the series of five punches revealed that the last two punches made the head rotate quickly from left side to right around the cervical column in horizontal direction. These result of the analysis support the inference that this rotating movement of the head brought about the damage.

Adult↗