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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

DATA-MEAns: an open source tool for the classification and management of neural ensemble recordings.

The number of laboratories using techniques that allow to acquire simultaneous recordings of as many units as possible is considerably increasing. However, the development of tools used to analyse this multi-neuronal activity is generally lagging behind the development of the tools used to acquire these data. Moreover, the data exchange between research groups using different multielectrode acquisition systems is hindered by commercial constraints such as exclusive file structures, high priced licenses and hard policies on intellectual rights. This paper presents a free open-source software for the classification and management of neural ensemble data. The main goal is to provide a graphical user interface that links the experimental data to a basic set of routines for analysis, visualization and classification in a consistent framework. To facilitate the adaptation and extension as well as the addition of new routines, tools and algorithms for data analysis, the source code and documentation are freely available.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed2006

Efficacy of ziprasidone against hostility in schizophrenia: Post hoc analysis of randomized, open-label study data.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the effects of sequential intramuscular/oral ziprasi-done on hostility. METHOD: A total of 572 inpatients diagnosed with DSM-IV schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were the subjects in a randomized, rater-blinded, 6-week, open-label study comparing sequential intramuscular and oral ziprasidone with haloperidol. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was the principal outcome measure. To determine the effect of ziprasidone on hostility, post hoc analyses of scores on the hostility item from the BPRS were conducted. Introducing positive symptoms and akathisia as covariates tested specific antihostility effect. The study was conducted from October 23, 1998, to August 15, 2000. RESULTS: Ziprasidone demonstrated specific antihostility effects over time throughout the 42-day study period and statistically significant superiority to haloperidol on this measure in the first week of treatment (p = .0149 at first evaluation [day 1, 2, or 3]; p = .0358 at day 7). CONCLUSION: Ziprasidone is an effective treatment for hostility in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Scaling apparent distance in a large open field: some new data.

Judged distance in a large open field, scaled by the method of magnitude estimation, is related to physical distance by a power function with an exponent smaller than unity. The exponents obtained with two ranges of distance were not affected by the availability of a standard. The mean exponent for all 80 individual power functions was 0.86, with a standard deviation of 0.11.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

The tissue microarray data exchange specification: a community-based, open source tool for sharing tissue microarray data.

BACKGROUND: Tissue Microarrays (TMAs) allow researchers to examine hundreds of small tissue samples on a single glass slide. The information held in a single TMA slide may easily involve Gigabytes of data. To benefit from TMA technology, the scientific community needs an open source TMA data exchange specification that will convey all of the data in a TMA experiment in a format that is understandable to both humans and computers. A data exchange specification for TMAs allows researchers to submit their data to journals and to public data repositories and to share or merge data from different laboratories. In May 2001, the Association of Pathology Informatics (API) hosted the first in a series of four workshops, co-sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, to develop an open, community-supported TMA data exchange specification. METHODS: A draft tissue microarray data exchange specification was developed through workshop meetings. The first workshop confirmed community support for the effort and urged the creation of an open XML-based specification. This was to evolve in steps with approval for each step coming from the stakeholders in the user community during open workshops. By the fourth workshop, held October, 2002, a set of Common Data Elements (CDEs) was established as well as a basic strategy for organizing TMA data in self-describing XML documents. RESULTS: The TMA data exchange specification is a well-formed XML document with four required sections: 1) Header, containing the specification Dublin Core identifiers, 2) Block, describing the paraffin-embedded array of tissues, 3)Slide, describing the glass slides produced from the Block, and 4) Core, containing all data related to the individual tissue samples contained in the array. Eighty CDEs, conforming to the ISO-11179 specification for data elements constitute XML tags used in the TMA data exchange specification. A set of six simple semantic rules describe the complete data exchange specification. Anyone using the data exchange specification can validate their TMA files using a software implementation written in Perl and distributed as a supplemental file with this publication. CONCLUSION: The TMA data exchange specification is now available in a draft form with community-approved Common Data Elements and a community-approved general file format and data structure. The specification can be freely used by the scientific community. Efforts sponsored by the Association for Pathology Informatics to refine the draft TMA data exchange specification are expected to continue for at least two more years. The interested public is invited to participate in these open efforts. Information on future workshops will be posted at http://www.pathologyinformatics.org (API we site).

Community Health Services↗
PubMed2006

Pooled data analysis of laparoscopic vs. open ventral hernia repair: 14 years of patient data accrual.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the published perioperative results and outcomes of laparoscopic (LVHR) and open (OVHR) ventral hernia repair focusing on complications and hernia recurrences. METHODS: Data were compiled from all English-language reports of LVHR published from 1996 through January 2006. Series with fewer than 20 cases of LVHR, insufficient details of complications, or those part of a larger series were excluded. Data were derived from 31 reports of LVHR alone (unpaired studies) and 14 that directly compared LVHR to OVHR (paired studies). Chi-squared analysis, Fisher's exact test, and two-tailed t-test analysis were used. RESULTS: Forty-five published series were included, representing 5340 patients (4582 LVHR, 758 OVHR). In the pooled analysis (combined paired and unpaired studies), LVHR was associated with significantly fewer wound complications (3.8% vs. 16.8%, p < 0.0001), total complications (22.7% vs. 41.7%, p < 0.0001), hernia recurrences (4.3% vs. 12.1%, p < 0.0001), and a shorter length of stay (2.4 vs. 4.3 days, p = 0.0004). These outcomes maintained statistical significance when only the paired studies were analyzed. In the pooled analysis, LVHR was associated with fewer gastrointestinal (2.6% vs. 5.9%, p < 0.0001), pulmonary (0.6% vs. 1.7%, p = 0.0013), and miscellaneous (0.7% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.0011) complications, but a higher incidence of prolonged procedure site pain (1.96% vs. 0.92%, p = 0.0469); none of these outcomes was significant in the paired study analysis. No differences in cardiac, neurologic, septic, genitourinary, or thromboembolic complications were found. The mortality rate was 0.13% with LVHR and 0.26% with OVHR (p = NS). Trends toward larger hernia defects and larger mesh sizes were observed for LVHR. CONCLUSIONS: The published literature indicates fewer wound-related and overall complications and a lower rate of hernia recurrence for LVHR compared to OVHR. Further controlled trials are necessary to substantiate these findings and to assess the health care economic impact of this approach.

Female↗
PubMed2006

A comparison of renal function between open and endovascular aneurysm repair in patients with baseline chronic renal insufficiency.

OBJECTIVE: Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is rapidly becoming the predominant technique for repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Results from current studies, however, are conflicting on the effect of EVAR on renal function compared with standard open repair. Furthermore, data for open repair in patients with baseline renal insufficiency suggests worse outcomes, including renal function. This analysis compared the effects of open repair vs EVAR on renal function in patients with baseline renal insufficiency. METHODS: We reviewed our records for patients with preoperative chronic renal insufficiency (serum creatinine, 1.5 mg/dL) who underwent open repair or EVAR between 1999 and 2004. The same group of vascular surgeons at a single institution performed aneurysm repair on 98 patients: 46 open (37 men, 9 women) and 52 EVAR (50 men, 2 women). Preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up serum creatinine and creatinine clearance were compared, as was the development of postoperative renal impairment (increase in serum creatinine >30%). RESULTS: Serum creatinine and creatinine clearance were not statistically different between the open and EVAR groups during any time period studied. Likewise when comparing the magnitude of change in serum creatinine in patients between the postoperative and follow-up times with preoperative values, no significant differences existed between the open and EVAR groups. When the change in serum creatinine over time within each group was compared, however, the open group had a significant increase in serum creatinine postoperatively (2.43 +/- 1.20 vs 2.04 +/- 0.64, P = .012), which returned to baseline during follow-up (1.96 +/- 0.94, P = .504). Although serum creatinine in the EVAR group increased compared with preoperative values of 2.04 +/- 0.55 (postoperative, 2.27 +/- 1.04; follow-up, 2.40 +/- 1.37), this failed to reach statistical significance for the postoperative (P = .092) or follow-up (P = .081) periods. A similar pattern was noted in creatinine clearance. Postoperative renal impairment was noted in 13 open (28%) and 15 EVAR patients (29%) and was not statistically different between groups. Overall, two patients (4.3%) from the open group and four (7.7%) from the EVAR group required hemodialysis; one in the EVAR group required permanent hemodialysis. This difference was not statistically significant (P = .681). CONCLUSIONS: Open and endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms in patients with pre-existent renal insufficiency can be performed safely with preservation of renal function. In contrast to previous reports, no significant differences existed between open repair and EVAR in postoperative alterations in renal function. Although a significant increase in serum creatinine develops in patients with renal insufficiency postoperatively with open repair, this appears to be transient, and preoperative renal dysfunction alone should not exclude either approach. After EVAR, patients with pre-existing renal insufficiency continue to be at risk for progressive renal dysfunction, and protective measures should be taken to preserve renal function in this patient population.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[What has changed in adrenalectomy? From open surgery to laparoscopy?].

INTRODUCTION: After the introduction of the laparoscopic approach in adrenal surgery, this technique has become the gold standard in surgical adrenal diseases. Nevertheless, comparative studies with open surgery are scarce and the impact of laparoscopic techniques on these diseases is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate our experience of adrenal surgery over a 14-year period, before and after the introduction of laparoscopic adrenalectomy, and to analyze the influence of this technique on the surgical management of adrenal diseases. PATIENTS AND METHOD: From January 1990 to June 2004, 78 patients underwent adrenalectomy. Between 1990 and 1998, open adrenalectomy was performed in 24 patients, while between 1999 and 2004, 54 patients underwent the laparoscopic approach and 1 underwent open surgery. Data for the open group were retrospectively reviewed while those for the laparoscopic group were prospectively registered in the advanced laparoscopic surgery database of Hospital Sant Pau (HSP). RESULTS: The mean age was 47 years (16-75) in the open group and was 49 years (17-77) (p = NS) in the laparoscopic group. Distribution by surgical indication was similar in both periods concerning primary hyperaldosteronism, hypercortisolism, and pheochromocytoma, with a significant increase in surgical cases indicated by malignancy (1 vs 4) or incidentaloma (2 vs 13) (p<.001). Operating time was reduced from 150 min (65-210) in the open group to 90 min (30-300) in the laparoscopic group (p<.01). Morbidity was also reduced (20% vs 6%, p<.01). The size of lesions resected by open or laparoscopic surgery (4 cm [0.4-16] vs 3.5 cm [1.2-14]) was similar. The mean length of hospital stay was reduced from 8 days (3-13) to 3 days (2-12) (p<.01). The number of adrenalectomies performed in HSP was 24 in the first period (1990-1997) vs 40 in the second (1998-2004). This represented an increase from 3/year to 6.6/year mainly due to the increase in the number of incidentalomas. CONCLUSIONS: The laparoscopic approach has improved immediate surgical results (operating time, morbidity, and length of hospital stay). There was a clear increase in the number of adrenalectomies, and especially of incidentalomas, due to improved diagnostic techniques and the availability of a less aggressive approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Turning toward data uniformity: how open systems put healthcare in command.

Recent programming and design techniques result in the benefits of flexibility in system selection and reduced system cost. Open systems and the use of relational database managers with structured query languages allow the healthcare industry to set standards in database design, content and access, if it chooses. Such standards would facilitate creation of applications that could be interchangeable among vendors because basic functions remain constant. This interchangeability equates to flexibility in selecting specific applications, which then can be based on the best match of features required or desired, instead of compatibility with a vendor's system. The goal of reduced costs can be achieved since interface programs would not have to be written to integrate other vendors' software.

Computer Systems↗