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The religious component of acute hospital treatment.

A clinically trained chaplain working part time in an acute psychiatric day hospital unit affords patients an opportunity to explore the religious dimension of their lives and educates staff about how to address patients' religious beliefs and incorporate them into treatment and discharge planning. The chaplain meets individually with patients at their request, is coleader with a mental health professional of a patients' group that discusses way of enriching one's life, and participates in clinical team meetings. During the first 12 months of the program, a pastoral consultation was requested by 59 percent of patients who were offered one at admission. About another 10 percent sought consultation later or attended the patient group. By incorporating a religious component in acute treatment programs, mental health care facilities can serve the broader purpose of increasing collaboration with religious and other groups in the community and expand the resources available to the patient at discharge.

Chaplaincy Service, Hospital↗

A community of caring. Patients in a rehabilitation unit experience holistic healing through a spiritual support group.

Empowered by empathic knowledge of the pain and suffering endured by patients, a pastoral care giver can foster holistic healing, integrating a spiritual dimension into the lives of responsive individuals by helping them form a circle of love, a Community of Caring. A Community of Caring can be effective in many specialized hospital units or long-term care centers. In a hospital physical rehabilitation unit, for example, a chaplain successfully provided a time, place, and ambience where patients could share their deepest feelings, thoughts, and concerns and learn together techniques of coping. This Community of Caring helped patients overcome feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem, encouraged self-acceptance despite physical losses, and stimulated new concepts of spirituality, notably the importance and the sacredness of the present time spent in recuperation. Participants in the Community of Caring discussed ideas such as the concept that all activity, even mundane rejuvenative therapy exercises, can be--at least potentially--sacramental activity; the importance of fully using all facets of physical therapy; and the idea that days spent in recuperation can be a time for deepened relationship with self, others, and a compassionate God. The sessions helped many patients mobilize their inner resources and assume greater personal responsibility for their healing and recovery.

Catholicism↗

An analysis of referrals to chaplains in a community hospital in New York over a seven year period.

The study analyzed the pattern of referrals to chaplains in a suburban hospital over a 7-year period. Nurses made more than half of all the referrals to chaplains, with nursing accounting for 81.74% of referrals from staff members other than pastoral care workers and volunteers. Social workers and physicians made 11.74% and 4.08% of referrals, respectively. The number of referrals from social workers (r=.86, p<.05), nurses (r=.68, p<.10) and other staff (r=.69, p<.10) increased across years, with the exception of physicians. Three quarters of referrals were requests for chaplains to visit patients and one quarter were requests to visit with family or friends. A significant difference was found in the percentage of referrals made for patients and family/friends by staff members (p<.05), with social workers making a higher percentage of referrals for relatives and friends (34.1%), compared to nurses (26.74%) and physicians (27.27%). The most common presenting problems for which patients were referred to chaplains were anxiety, depression, and pregnancy loss. The rate of referrals for patients over the entire study period was 39.04 per 1000 patient stays.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

Spiritual care: implications for nurses' professional responsibility.

AIM: This paper aimed to gain insight into the spiritual aspects of nursing care within the context of health care in the Netherlands and to provide recommendations for the development of care in this area and the promotion of the professional expertise of nurses. BACKGROUND: International nursing literature suggests that caregivers are expected to pay attention to spiritual aspects of patient care. In Dutch nursing literature, the spiritual dimension is increasingly becoming a focus of attention. Despite this, there is a lack of empirical data from professional practice in the Netherlands. METHOD: Data were collected by means of focus group interviews. The sample was made up of the specialist fields of cardiology, oncology and neurology and divided into groups of patients, nurses and hospital chaplains. The interviews took place between May and December 2004. Data were qualitatively analysed using the computer programme Kwalitan. RESULTS: Different spiritual themes emerged from the interviews. There were different expectations of the nurse's role with regard to spiritual aspects. The main themes derived from this research can be recognized as aspects of nursing competencies that are reported in the literature. However, the attention to spiritual aspects in the nursing process is not clear cut. It seems to be highly dependent on personal expression and personal commitment. CONCLUSIONS: The study raises questions about the nurse's professional role in spiritual care. The study shows that different factors (personal, cultural and educational) play a role in the fact that spiritual care is not structurally embedded in nursing care. Further research on the impact of that variable is recommended. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Nursing care implies care for the spiritual needs of patients. To provide this care, nurses need to be knowledgeable regarding the content of spiritual care and the personal, professional, cultural and political factors influencing it. They also need to be able to participate in policy and decision-making discussions of spiritual care in clinical nursing practice.

Adult↗

Where do chaplains fit in the world of cancer care?

Finally, what are we about in modern chaplaincy? We have successfully shed our old image as a profession that is more tolerated than valued as a part of the team. We have become as skilled in interacting sensitively with patients and family members as any member of the health care team. We have become integrated professionals in the modern hospital. While maintaining these skills and that place, we need to reappropriate some of the unique features of who we are as people of faith and reintegrate them into our practice. The time when embracing science meant devaluing religious faith has come to an end. We can and must use the strengths of both science and religion to help cancer patients and their families strive for health. As we continue to grow in using the tools of science to bring people to faith and hope, we need to appropriate some other tools of psychology to help us. As I discussed, the role of assessment needs a great deal more exploration. Research on spiritual issues in coping with cancer is still in its infancy and desperately needs the participation of chaplains. We need the data from this research to help us maximize our patient's ability to use religious faith in their coping. As chaplains, we will always be on a bridge between science and religion. We will always have to be careful to stay balanced and not to wander too far toward one end of this bridge or the other. To keep our ministry in perspective, we must always remember that science is a method and a set of skills that we use while religious faith is at the center of who we are.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

A three-year study of chaplains' professional activities at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York city.

The pastoral-care interventions of chaplains at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center were documented during two-week periods in each of three years. The study describes the pattern of referrals to and from chaplains and the kinds of interventions performed during the chaplains' contacts with patients and their families and friends. Nearly a fifth of all chaplain interventions were the result of referrals. The vast majority of staff referrals to chaplains came from nurses, with the frequency and proportion of referrals from nurses significantly increasing over time. More than a third of all chaplain contacts were with friends and family without the patient present, and over 40% of referrals to chaplains were for the friends and family of patients. Pastoral visits were significantly shorter when patients were not present. In particular, pastoral-care interventions were found to differ according to the patient's religion and the circumstances of the chaplain's visit to the patient (i.e. patient status). Visit duration also varied by patient status, with pre-operative visits being significantly shorter than post-operative or treatment visits.

Chaplaincy Service, Hospital↗

Pain control and chaplaincy in Australia.

This paper summarizes the experiences of 327 Australian health care chaplains with regard to their involvement in issues concerning pain control within the health care context. The findings indicate that approximately 60% of surveyed chaplains had provided some form of pastoral intervention directly to patients and/or their families dealing with issues concerning pain, and that approximately 36% of chaplains had assisted clinical staff with issues concerning patient pain. Differences of involvement between volunteer and staff chaplains are noted, as are the perspectives of chaplaincy informants regarding their role in relation to pain control. Some implications of this study with respect to chaplaincy utility and training are noted.

Australia↗

Multifaith chaplaincy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Chaplaincy Service, Hospital↗

Spiritual care at the end of life.

Spiritual care at the end of life focuses on integration and peacemaking for patients and their families. This article will discuss the work of "letting go" for patients, families, and staff as well. Addressing these tasks honors commitments to significant relationships, both personal and professional, and provides healing and closure. Critical care nurses provide spiritual care when they participate in activities as diverse as story telling, advocating for their patients' wishes, addressing suffering and pain. Caring for the dying requires competence in all aspects of end of life care and the ability to build trusting relationships.

Caregivers↗

Religious professionals and institutions: untapped resources for clinical care.

In the vast majority of situations, religious professionals and institutions are competent, caring, and respectful of child and adolescent psychiatrists and mental health workers and welcome the opportunity to collaborate to meet the religious/spiritual, medical, physical, and emotional needs of children, adolescents, and families. Clinicians are well advised to familiarize themselves with the religious professionals, institutions, and resources in the geographic areas in which they practice.

Adolescent↗