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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Composite-veneered amalgam restorations.

A procedure is described for the construction of composite resin veneers for large amalgam restorations. The resulting restoration combines the physical qualities of amalgam with the esthetic benefits of composite resins. Among the 14 restorations that have been studied for 2 years, none failed mechanically and minor surface discolorations have been satisfactorily corrected by polishing.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1985

Quantitative evaluation of proximal tooth movement effected by wedging: a pilot study.

The major purpose of this pilot study was to develop a method to accurately measure proximal tooth movement. A preliminary clinical evaluation of anterior and posterior tooth movement was performed with five patients. The patients were carefully chosen to eliminate as many variables as possible. The controlled patient criteria included periodontal health, proximal contacts, the age of the patients, and the teeth selected for anterior and posterior displacement. The small sample size dictates that additional experimentation must be performed before definitive conclusions can be drawn.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effects of etching time on surface morphology and adhesion of a posterior resin to glass-ionomer cement.

This study examined the effects of etching time on surface morphology and adhesion of posterior composite resin to glass-ionomer cement. Three glass-ionomer cements and four etch times were studied. Bond shear strength results revealed significant differences by both cement and etch time. Glass-ionomer surfaces etched for 30 seconds produced the strongest bond to resin. Ketac-Silver cement provided greater shear resistance than either Ketac-Bond cement or GC lining cement. Scanning electron microscopy revealed greater surface roughness for etched versus unetched glass ionomer. However, no subsurface differences were noted with increased etch times. These findings indicate that 30 seconds is the optimal etch time for glass-ionomer cement and that Ketac-Silver cement provides the strongest bond to resin of any of the materials tested. Etched glass-ionomer subsurfaces did not reveal marked differentiation in morphology, suggesting that an alternative method is necessary to detect these differences.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1989

Fracture resistance of teeth restored with Class II composite restorations.

Teeth with large mesio-occlusal-distal cavity preparations fracture more easily than intact teeth. An intracoronal restoration capable of increasing tooth fracture resistance is desired. This in vitro study compared the fracture resistance of maxillary premolars restored with enamel bonding and dentin bonding. The effects of the type of curing system (chemical or photochemical) and marginal preparation (beveled or not) were also evaluated. Premolars restored with large MOD composite resin restorations were approximately twice as strong as the unrestored prepared tooth. However, all restored teeth were no more than half as strong as the intact tooth. Dentin bonded restorations were not significantly stronger than enamel bonded restorations.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1990

Metal ceramic compatibility: a review of the literature.

Metal ceramic restorations are popular in restorative dentistry. Although bonding mechanisms are understood, defining compatibility of alloy and porcelain has been illusive. Chemical compatibility implies a chemical bond between ceramic and alloy that resists stresses resulting from thermal and mechanical incompatibility without compromising esthetics. Research has attempted to predict and test compatibility with varying degrees of success. Despite the success of metal ceramic restorations over the years, compatibility remains undefined without standardized testing procedures. For optimal results, the dentist should communicate with experienced laboratory personnel to meet the specific needs of the patient.

Dental Alloys↗
PubMed1990

Retention of threaded pins in amalgam.

The force required to remove three self-threading retention pins from amalgam and the pin length for optimum retention was determined. Link series TMS Minuta, TMS Minikin, and TMS Minim pins were tested; Minim pins were tested at various lengths. The amalgam materials used were representative of a high-copper admixture type and a ternary spherical-type alloy. Results demonstrate that the Minim pin of 2 to 2.5 mm length is the optimum pin for retention in high-copper type amalgam. Minuta and Minikin pins are removed with only a small amount of force and should be used only when clinical prudence requires a small pin; and when used, the strongest possible amalgam should be selected.

Dental Amalgam↗
PubMed1991

Load fatigue of teeth restored by a dentin bonding agent and a posterior composite resin.

A three-surface MOD preparation measuring one third of the isthmus cavity distance at the isthmus was prepared for five extracted, intact human maxillary premolar teeth. The teeth were restored with a posterior resin and a dentin bonding agent. Each tooth was tested under a cyclically varying load in a fatigue machine made at the University of Washington. The cyclic load rate was 75 cycles per minute. A strain gauge was applied to the buccal surface of each tooth. Under the load applied at an angle of 60 degrees to the long axis of the tooth, reinforcement of the tooth was established by the reduced deflection of the buccal surface of the restored tooth as compared with the unrestored tooth. The loss of this reinforcement due to the application of the cyclically varying load established the end point of the fatigue testing. Four different load values of 13, 16, 19, and 22 lb loads were applied separately to each tooth. The results of this testing were classic wherein the smallest load required the greatest number of load cycles before loss of adhesion was registered by the strain gauge. Failure always occurred within the adhesive joint.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1991

Fracture durability of restored functional cusps on maxillary nonvital premolar teeth.

Palatal cusps of nonvital maxillary premolar teeth were restored with a coronal-radicular restoration of posterior composite resin (Occlusin), amalgam (Tytin), or cermet (Chelon-Silver). Mean fracture strength values were: 370 lb for intact premolar teeth, 266 lb for amalgam, 215 lb for posterior composite resin, and 132 lb for cermet. From this in vitro study it can be suggested that for selected endodontically treated maxillary premolar teeth, the dentist can use acid-etch-retained posterior composite resin or pin-retained high copper amalgam material for a definitive coronal-radicular restoration. The use of cermet for this purpose is contraindicated.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1991

Spot-welded wire hooks as seating guides for resin-bonded castings.

A technique is described to assist in accurate positioning of cast metal, resin-bonded prostheses. The method is particularly useful for the recementation of castings but can also be used with new restorations. A piece of rectangular chrome alloy arch wire is annealed and spot-welded to the retainer. The wire is then adapted to lie over the incisal edge of the abutment tooth and forms a locating device during trying in and cementing of the restoration. The wire hook assists in the handling of the casting at chairside and is easily snapped off after cementation, leaving little finishing to be completed. The technique permits access to all of the marginal surfaces at cementation and offers certain advantages over existing alternative techniques.

Cementation↗
PubMed1991

Fracture resistance of pin-retained amalgam, composite resin, and alloy-reinforced glass ionomer core materials.

This study investigated the influence of pins on the fracture resistance of three core materials. Two or four stainless steel pins were incorporated in either amalgam, composite resin, or alloy-reinforced glass ionomer specimens. Half of the pins were surface-treated with mercury, Panavia EX resin, or hydrochloric acid before they were incorporated in the respective materials. The pins were oriented in a direction relative to the tensile stress/axis of the specimen: parallel/perpendicular (PL/PR), perpendicular/parallel (PR/PL), or perpendicular/perpendicular (PR/PR). ANOVA tested significant differences in diametral tensile strength among materials, in number of pins, in pin orientations, in surface treatments, and in other interactions. Incorporation of pins weakened amalgam the most, followed by composite resin. Pins did not weaken amalgam-reinforced glass ionomer. Pin orientation improved the fracture resistance of some specimens by two times that of the controls. Orientation of pins parallel to the tensile stress was most favorable. As the number of pins increased, the fracture resistance of amalgam significantly decreased. Acid treatment of the pin surface enhanced the bond with composite resin. Both treatments resulted in significant improvement in fracture resistance.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

The effect of slot preparation length on the transverse strength of slot-retained restorations.

An in vitro study was conducted (1) to compare fracture strength of amalgam restorations retained with retentive slots of different lengths when stressed with a transverse force, (2) to determine if beveling the slot preparation resulted in an increase in fracture resistance to a transverse force, and (3) to evaluate the incidence of unrestorable tooth fracture as it relates to slot preparation length. Six groups of 10 specimens were prepared with slots of increasing length, with each specimen receiving four slots of equal length. Slot preparations in group 6 were beveled. Results showed that shorter slot preparations provided statistically equal amounts of resistance to a transverse force as did the longer preparations. Beveling the slot preparation did not significantly increase fracture strength. Specimens restored with longer slot preparations failed unrestorably more often than restorations retained with shorter slot preparations.

Dental Amalgam↗
PubMed1992

Tensile bond strength of repaired amalgam.

This study evaluated the tensile strength of repaired high-copper amalgams and analyzed the different treatments of the amalgam interface prior to repair. One hundred specimens were divided into 10 groups: group 1 was left intact and was considered as the control group. In groups 2 through 8, the specimens were sectioned into halves after 10 days and were reconstructed with new amalgam. Groups 9 and 10 were condensed with time intervals of 15 minutes and all specimens were subjected to tensile loads in a Universal Testing Machine. The tensile strengths at the junction between old and new amalgam ranged between 50% to 79% of those of the control group and verified that the same type of amalgam and uncontaminated interfaces had higher strengths. The results also suggested that if an amalgam repair is anticipated, additional retention is critical to the longevity of the restoration.

Copper↗