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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Comparison of functional characteristics of intradental A- and C-nerve fibres in dental pain.

The sensory nerve fibres in the pulp consist of myelinated A- and unmyelinated C-fibres which conduct nerve impulses. The A-fibres are larger in diameter and fast conducting. Most of the A-fibres are in the A-delta group, but also the existence of very fast A-beta fibres has been demonstrated. C-fibres are small and slow conducting. When natural stimuli such as heat, cold, drilling or drying of dentine with air blasts are applied on the tooth, the only sensation perceived seems to be that of pain. On the other hand perception of pain symptoms in clinical situations varies from sharp and piercing to dull and poorly localised. A- but not C-fibres respond to dentine stimulation, and therefore responsible for dentine sensitivity. When heat is applied to the tooth, there is a two-phase response. First there is an immediate A-fibre response followed by a C-fibre response. The A-fibres could be responsible for the sharp well localised pain in human subjects while C-fibres could be responsible for the dull pain radiating to other parts of the face. A-fibres are activated at a higher level of electrical stimulation than C-fibres. C-fibres, but not A-fibres respond to application of bradykinin and histamin. The functional differences in A- and C-fibres may be one explanation for the change in the pain symptoms which at the beginning of pulpitis are mediated by A-fibres and in advanced pulpitis by C-fibres.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypersensitivity and pain induced by operative procedures and the "cracked tooth" syndrome.

Various dental conditions are responsible for tooth hypersensitivity and pain. They include hypersensitive dentin; the "cracked tooth" syndrome; pulp and periapical irritation, inflammation and/or degeneration; barodontalgia (aerodontalgia); and periodontal pathoses, particularly the pulpal-periodontal syndrome. Each operative condition is reviewed with respect to its etiology, symptomatology, and diagnosis. Some treatment recommendations are made to prevent or reduce symptoms.

Cracked Tooth Syndrome↗
PubMed1998

An investigation of the effect of a desensitizing dentifrice on dentinal tubules in vitro and in vivo.

The effect of Sensodyne dentifrice, which contains strontium chloride hexahydrate, on the occlusion of dentinal tubules was studied in vivo and in vitro. Eight premolar teeth scheduled for extraction for orthodontic purposes were used. Four of the teeth were extracted before Sensodyne application (in vitro). The other four teeth were treated in vivo and then extracted. A patch of enamel was removed from all the teeth to expose the dentinal surfaces, and the smear layer over the exposed area was removed. In the in vivo test, the patients were instructed to brush their teeth for 1 minute, twice a day, for 2 weeks. The teeth were then extracted and kept in distilled water until examined by scanning electron microscope. The in vitro teeth were brushed in the same manner and kept in distilled water between brushings. Most of the in vitro dentinal tubules were found to be open, whereas most of the in vivo dentinal tubules were occluded.

Dentifrices↗
PubMed2002

Cervical tooth wear and sensitivity: erosion, softening and rehardening of dentine; effects of pH, time and ultrasonication.

BACKGROUND: Cervical dentine wear is commonly observed and may be associated with dentine hypersensitivity. Erosion is thought to play a part in both conditions but compared to enamel has been little studied in dentine. AIM: The aims of these studies in vitro were to: (i) determine the effects of citric acid on dentine at different pH values and over time; (ii) measure the depth of dentine demineralisation or softening using ultrasonication; (iii) determine whether softened dentine can be remineralised or rehardened using artificial saliva. METHODS: Groups of flat dentine specimens prepared from unerupted human third molar teeth were: (a) exposed to citric acid at pH 3.2 for periods up to 4 h with mineral water as control; (b) exposed to citric acid at pH 2.54, 3.2, 4.5, 5.5 and 6.0 for 2 h and then subjected to ultrasonication stepwise up to 480 s; (c) exposed to citric acid at pH 2.54, 3.2, and 4.5, placed into artificial saliva for 24 h and then subjected to ultrasonication as in (b). Loss of dentine was measured by profilometry, after, each phase of erosion, ultrasonication and immersion in artificial saliva. RESULTS: Depth of erosion significantly increased non-linearly with time and significantly decreased with increasing pH. Ultrasonication had minimal albeit significant effects on control specimens. Removal of softened dentine increased with ultrasonication time. Depth of softening significantly increased with increasing erosion time to 2 h, plateauing at 2 microm. Depth of softening increased to 2 microm from pH 2.54 to pH 3.2 and decreased at higher pH values thereafter. 24 h in artificial saliva provided no protection to the soften zone against ultrasonicaion. Citric acid at all pH values and exposure times removed the dentine smear layer to expose tubules. Ultrasonication did not remove the smear layer on control specimens but removed all deposits formed after exposure to artificial saliva. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that dentine is susceptible to erosion even at relatively high pH, the tubule system is readily exposed and dentine, unlike enamel, shows little propensity to remineralise.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sensitive teeth.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dentin Sensitivity↗
PubMed1999

Dealing with sensitive teeth.

Dental pain is extremely common in the UK and can severely reduce the quality of life when it is associated with eating, drinking or speech. Patients often present complaining of a short, sharp, stabbing pain from hot or cold air, foods or drinks: while this may be caused by tooth decay, failing fillings or cracks in teeth, a major cause is sensitivity from exposed dentine. Treatment varies from dietary control, desensitising toothpastes to protection with dentine-bonding agents and glass ionomers. In extreme cases elective devitalisation is necessary.

Dentin Permeability↗
PubMed1995

Mechanisms of stimulus transmission across dentin--a review.

Several investigators have demonstrated that intradental A-type (A beta and A delta) nerve fibers are responsible for the sensitivity of dentin and that the endings of the responding fibers are located in the pulp-dentin area of the tooth. The exact mode of transmission of stimuli (e.g., thermal, chemical, mechanical, etc.) across dentin, however, is still unclear, although several hypotheses have been proposed. These include direct nerve stimulation, dentinal receptor (transducer/modulation), hydrodynamic, and direct ionic diffusion hypotheses. Currently, the most accepted mechanism of intradental nerve activation associated with dentin sensitivity appears to be hydrodynamic in nature, although alternative mechanisms of transmission (e.g., direct ionic diffusion) cannot be ruled out. Recent investigations (in the cat), however, appear to provide evidence substantiating the hydrodynamic hypothesis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of anti-sensitive toothpastes on opened dentinal tubules and on two dentin-bonded resins.

Treatment of dentin hypersensitivity will become of increasing importance in the daily practice of dentistry. The goal of any therapy should be the closure of opened dentinal tubules. The present study made an SEM evaluation of the effect of anti-sensitive toothpastes on root dentin with regard to the superficial changes and possible penetration by toothpaste particles. Further, the study performed an evaluation of the wear-resistance of two dentin-bonded resins during brushing, using the same anti-sensitive toothpastes. Having induced coverage of the dentinal tubules with the toothpastes (Sensodyne, Emoform and Macleans Sensitive), no particles were found within the tubules. The application of dentin-bonded resins seems an alternative solution for treating dentin hypersensitivity.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical evaluation of force-sensitive probe in the examination of tooth sensitivity].

Two methods were tested for measuring the sensitivity of dentin to mechanical (force-sensitive probe) and cold air stimuli. Of the 212 sensitive teeth in 71 patients, 94.8% were sensitive to probe, with a mean threshold of 22.79g; 89.6% were sensitive to cold air. These two methods were significantly correlated (P < 0.001). The occlusal sites were less sensitive than the buccal sites measured by probe and cold air. It suggests that force-sensitive probe is a simple, quantitative method of measuring tooth hypersensitivity.

Adult↗