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PubMed1978

[Social psychiatry of migrant workers (author's transl)].

A review of literature about psychic illness in migrant workers (with special reference to the situation in Europe) is presented, including the problems of incidence and prevalence, course of the illness, typical syndromes and treatment. Results concerning incidence and prevalence of psychic disease in migrant workers are contradictory and partly--for methodological reasons--of questionable quality. It cannot be take for granted, that migrant workers suffer more often from psychiatric disturbances than either of the two possible control groups: the populations of the emigration or immigration countries respectively. There are two high risk periods for migrants: shortly after the migration and after a longer period in the guest country. Differences between the migrant's culture and that of the immigration context (language, mythical beliefs, illness behavior) influence the manifestations of psychiatric syndromes. The following syndromes are typical for migrant workers: paranoid reactions, hypochondric-depressive syndromes, psychosomatic conditions and sexual neurosis. Special attention requests the treatment of migrant workers with psychiatric problems; the aspects of psychotherapy, accompanying social measures and the return as therapeutic measure are discussed. In the second part, a general frame of reference for the sociological analysis of the problem of migrant workers is presented. Reasons for the mass immigration of foreign workers to the industrialized countries of central Europe were the demand of labor force and the large gap in socio-economic development between the countries. In the immigration context, the foreign workers find themselves in the lowest social strata and numerous problems accumulate there. Empirical evidence for different sociological explanations of mental illnes of migrant workers ist presented: hypotheses of social selection vs. social causation (low socio-economic status, goal-striving-stress, culture-shock theory, theory of culture change and isolation hypothesis).

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1979

Suicide in France: some hypotheses.

The relatively high suicide rate in France is investigated and a number of influences are hypothesized as causative. These include, on a societal and demographic level, a history of high immigration, low emigration, a high proportion of old people, high urbanization, extraordinarily high alcoholism, and the extreme gap in income between upper and lower classes. The rigid bureaucracy of the state can leave the individual feeling infuriated and defeated. The legal system produces many injustices, such as long imprisonment without charges. The Church is liberal and supplies little prophylaxis against suicide. Overall, social integration must be judged to be low. Culturally, French values include an underlying pessimism, no strong fear of death, strong pressures to behave correctly and much malice toward neighbors. The modal personality structure contains defensive, constricted elements producing a vulnerable pseudo-autonomy. French child-rearing practices are effective in producing such personalities.

Cultural Characteristics↗
PubMed1977

[Current problems in juvenile tuberculosis. 1. The current epidemiological state of tuberculosis].

Although tuberculosis as an epidemic is generally regressing it must still be considered as a disease which is widespread throughout Germany and throughout the world. The yearly rate of new infections is high - nearly 36,000 cases in the Federal Republic of Germany, Nearly 40% of our population is virulently infected and therefore a possible factor in the outbreak of new epidemics. Even if tuberculosis were to be exterminated in our country, it is possible that immigrants, returning emigrants or guest-workers coming from infected regions, may bring further epidemics. They would then come in contact with a non-immunized population. It is therefore urgently necessary to recognize and not to neglect this disease. This is the only possible way to combat this imminent danger and to successfully implement the almost certain methods of treatment.

BCG Vaccine↗
PubMed1981

Communities of baboon troops (Papio cynocephalus) in Mikumi National Park, Tanzania. A preliminary report.

Daily censuses were collected on a troop of 108-130 yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) for 22 months. 12 adult females, 5 subadult males, and 26 adult males either emigrated from or immigrated into the troop. 10 adult females immigrated into the troop over a 4-month period. 2 adult females emigrated from the troop. 1 of the latter probably conceived while absent. This female returned to the troop when pregnant and subsequently bore and successfully raised the offspring. There was a strong negative correlation between the relative size of the subadult males (a correlate of age) and the date on which they emigrated. Only 6 old and past-prime males never emigrated from the troop.

Animals↗
PubMed1965

MEDICINE AMONG NEW IMMIGRANTS AND ARAB MINORITIES IN ISRAEL.

The reaction to modern medicine and the general health of the new immigrants and Arab populations of Israel are described. The material was gathered during a threemonth visit to Israel where the author participated in the medical care of these persons. While these peoples still share many of the traditional medical superstitions and practices, the new immigrants have progressed much more during the 16 years of Israel's existence. At present over 99% of Jewish women give birth in hospital, whereas only 65% of Israeli Arabs do. The infant mortality rate among the Jews in 1963 was about 21 deaths per 1000 live births, about one-half the rate for Arabs. The importance of understanding the cultural background and social conflicts of these people as a preliminary to the provision of proper medical care is stressed.

Arabs↗