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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Does epididymal length in men with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens have a correlation with the fertilization rate of epididymal sperm retrieved by micropuncture technique?

To investigate whether the variable length of the epididymis in men with congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens (CBAVD) might have a correlation with fertilization and pregnancy rates in in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment, we conducted a retrospective study involving a total of 60 CBAVD patients. All patients in this study had epididymal micropuncture in conjunction with perivascular nerve stimulation as part of the IVF program at the Nagoya University Hospital Reproduction Center. The patients were classified into 3 groups: group I consisted of patients having only a proximal portion of the caput epididymidis with a length of between 0.5 and 1.9 cm, group II consisted of patients with the caput and a portion of the corpus epididymidis with a length of between 2.0 and 4.0 cm, and group III consisted of patients with the caput, corpus and cauda of the epididymis measuring more than 4.0 cm. There were no differences in the sperm count, progression and normal morphology among the 3 groups; however, the motility was progressively higher in patients with a longer epididymis (12% in group 1, 18% in group II and 31% in group III). It was evident that group III showed the highest fertilization and pregnancy rate per patient (23% and 28%, respectively) among the 3 groups. This study shows that epididymal sperm from CBAVD patients with a longer epididymis have a higher IVF rate than CBAVD patients with a shorter epididymis.

Epididymis↗
PubMed1998

Oolemma rupture inside the intracytoplasmic sperm injection needle significantly improves the fertilization rate and reduces oocyte damage.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect on fertilization, oocyte damage, embryo freezing, and pregnancy rates of two different techniques for rupturing the oolemma during intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Fertility Center, Alliant Health System Hospital. PATIENT(S): Seventy-nine consecutive IVF-ICSI cases. INTERVENTION(S): Patients in group I had ICSI performed by pushing the needle into the oocyte until the oolemma was observed to break outside the needle. In group II the oolemma was aspirated into the needle until it ruptured inside the needle. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): In group II ICSI resulted in significantly higher fertilization and lower oocyte damage rates (66% and 13%) than in group 1 (39% and 29%). There were no statistically significant differences in embryo cleavage rates or pregnancy rates per retrieval between the two groups. A greater number of cases had embryos cryopreserved in group II than in group I. RESULT(S): Rupturing the oolemma by aspirating it into the ICSI needle (group II) improved laboratory outcomes compared with the more traditional technique of breaking this membrane by the stabbing action of the needle (group I). This modification of the ICSI technique also increased the number of patients with cryopreserved embryos and therefore could increase the pregnancy rate per patient. CONCLUSION(S): The site and technique used to rupture the oolemma during ICSI has a significant effect on the fertilization and damage rates.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Sperm chromatin packaging as an indicator of in-vitro fertilization rates.

The development of a sequential diagnostic schedule for patients consulting for infertility disturbances would be an ideal method of approach for clinicians in the absence of an aetiological or pathophysiological diagnosis. Since sperm morphology recorded by strict criteria has often been correlated with fertilization failure, the present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between normal morphology as well as in-vitro fertilization (IVF) rates, with chromatin staining among fertile and subfertile men. Two semen smears were prepared from each specimen obtained from 72 men to record normal morphology and chromatin packaging as recorded by chromomycin A(3) (CMA(3)) staining. Following the semen analyses, the 72 men were divided into the two morphological groups, namely <4% and >4% normal forms. Significantly different percentages of CMA(3) staining (mean +/- SE) were recorded between the two morphological groups, namely 65.9% +/- 3.5 and 44.5% +/- 1.7 (P +/- 0.001). A highly negative significant correlation existed between percentage of normal morphology as recorded by strict criteria and CMA(3) staining. A highly significant and positive correlation was recorded for normal morphology and IVF rates (r +/- 0.45, P +/- 0.0001). A significant negative correlation (r +/- -0.51, P +/- 0.0001) existed between CMA(3) values and IVF rates. The discriminating power of nuclear maturity, as recorded by CMA(3) staining, to identify abnormal morphology values and poor IVF rates was calculated with receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses. The areas under the ROC curves were 0.86 for sperm morphology and 0. 74 for IVF rates. The calculated threshold values for CMA(3) staining to distinguish between morphology groups were 48 and 50% for IVF. Chromatin packaging assessment is a valuable addition to the sequential diagnostic programme in an assisted reproductive arena.

Chromatin↗