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PubMed2000

Distance learning techniques for medical informatics

A growing number of health care professionals (e.g., physicians, nurses, librarians, and administrators) desire to enhance their skills and knowledge in medical informatics. These individuals are usually in established careers with limited time as well as inability to relocate to one of the small number of health science universities which offer informatics training. As a result of inquiries about distance learning in medical informatics and a market survey which documented and detailed such interest, a distance learning program was launched by the medical informatics program at Oregon Health Sciences University (OHSU). In the 1999-2000 academic year, two graduate-level medical informatics courses in the OHSU program have been taught by distance learning. In the 2000-2001 academic year, an eight-course certificate program will be launched. Further information can be found at: http://www. ohsu.edu/bicc-informatics/distance/

Journal Article↗

PubMed2005

The state of medical informatics in India: a roadmap for optimal organization.

In India, the healthcare delivery systems are based on manual record keeping despite a good telecommunication infrastructure. Unfortunately, Indian policy makers are yet to realize the importance of medical informatics (including tele-health, which comprises e-Health and Telemedicine) in delivering healthcare. In the medical curriculum also, nowhere is this treated as a subject or even as a tool for learning. The final aim of most of the medical and paramedical students should be to become good users, and if possible, also experts for advancing medical knowledge base through medical informatics. In view of the fast changing world of medical informatics, it is essential to formulate a flexible syllabus rather than a rigid one for incorporating into the regular curriculum of medical and paramedical education. Only after that one may expect all members of the healthcare delivery systems to adopt and apply medical informatics optimally as a routine tool for their services.

Computers↗

PubMed2026

CAUSAL artificial intelligence and data-driven decision intelligence in personalized medicine: a review of healthcare informatics systems.

This review examines the integration of causal artificial intelligence (AI) and data-driven decision intelligence within healthcare informatics systems to advance personalized medicine and clinical decision-making. A narrative review methodology was employed, synthesizing interdisciplinary literature from major databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect. Studies focusing on causal inference, decision intelligence, and healthcare informatics applications in personalized medicine were included. Data were extracted on methodological approaches, healthcare settings, analytical techniques, and clinical applications, followed by thematic synthesis. Findings indicate that causal AI enhances clinical decision support by enabling estimation of treatment effects and simulation of intervention outcomes at the individual patient level. Integration of multimodal health data such as electronic health records, genomic data, and real-time monitoring improves prediction accuracy and supports tailored treatment strategies. Additionally, causal models improve interpretability, fostering clinician trust and facilitating transparent decision-making. Robust healthcare informatics infrastructures, including interoperable systems and data warehouses, were identified as critical enablers of causal analytics. Overall, causal AI represents a transformative advancement in healthcare analytics, supporting more informed, individualized, and evidence-based clinical decisions. Its integration within healthcare informatics systems has significant potential to improve patient outcomes and guide the future of intelligent, personalized healthcare delivery.

Precision Medicine↗

PubMed2004

Information management and informatics: need for a modern pathology service.

Requirements for information technology in pathology now extend well beyond the provision of purely analytical data. With the aim of achieving seamless integration of laboratory data into the total clinical pathway, "informatics"--the art and science of turning data into useful information--is becoming increasingly important in laboratory medicine. Informatics is a powerful tool in pathology--whether in implementing processes for pathology modernization, introducing new diagnostic modalities (e.g. proteomics, genomics), providing timely and evidence-based disease management, or enabling best use of limited and often costly resources. Providing appropriate information to empowered and interested patients--which requires critical assessment of the ever-increasing volume of information available--can also benefit greatly from appropriate use of informatics. General trends in medical informatics are reflected in current priorities for laboratory medicine, including the need for unified electronic records, computerized order entry, data security and recovery, and audit. The increasing demands placed on pathology information systems in the context of wider developmental change in healthcare delivery are explored in this paper.

Data Collection↗

PubMed2006

Evidence-based healthcare and health informatics: derivations and extension of epidemiology.

Epidemiology provides extremely valid information and evidence regarding human health. Epidemiologic findings with regard to major illnesses must be amassed, enhanced, and expanded further into related areas as a foundation for evidence-based medicine that is based on clinical practice, as well as for evidence-based healthcare that includes public health-related issues. Epidemiology should be recognized not only by epidemiologists but also by a variety of people, including specialists in other areas for healthcare and medicine, people in law and media, policy makers, and the general public. A system is needed that can create information for facilitating appropriate decision-making with issues related to clinical medicine and public health. The principles and methodology of epidemiology are used as a base for developing a field of health informatics. The objective of health informatics is to establish a system for facilitating the flow and circulation of health and medical information. Health informatics has potential applications for the creation, communication, and use of information, and the discipline is being expanded as a practical applied science in search of solutions. This report represents an effort to expand the scope of health informatics and extend the applications of epidemiology by working with individuals in other disciplines and the public.

Decision Support Techniques↗

PubMed2002

Medical informatics as a discipline at the beginning of the 21st century.

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the present situation of the discipline medical informatics and to propose actions for change. METHODS: Evaluation of the current situation mainly based on anecdotal evidence. RESULTS: The difference between the scientific and the engineering aspects of medical informatics get blurred. Because of the requirements of European funding medical informatics focuses more on engineering than on science. Too many manuscripts are submitted that describe engineered artefacts without a scientific purpose. Some of the subjects (like security issues) that are studied in medical informatics are not considered important by medical faculties thus impeding support. CONCLUSIONS: The methodological underpinnings of our research should be strengthened, impact studies should be more frequently performed; the quality of results reporting should be increased.

Forecasting↗

PubMed2006

Sensors, medical image and signal processing. Findings from the Section on Sensor, Signal and Imaging Informatics.

OBJECTIVES: To summarize current excellent research in the field of sensor, signal and imaging informatics. METHODS: Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2006. RESULTS: The selection process for this yearbook's section 'Sensor, signal and imaging informatics' results in six excellent articles, representing research in five different nations. We selected a cross section of the wide range of application, ranging from model based image segmentation, image retrieval and data mining, image based diagnosis assistance, bio-impedance based skin cancer screening, brain computer interfaces to MRI based computational models for fluid-structure-interactions. CONCLUSIONS: The selected articles indicate a small but meaningful extract from the research field of sensors, signal and image processing, which has a wide range of applications in medical informatics. The articles present excellent research with a possibility of having high relevance for the future in patient care.

Awards and Prizes↗

PubMed2006

True monolayer cell culture in a confined 3D microenvironment enables lineage informatics.

BACKGROUND: There is a need for methods to (1) track cells continuously to generate lineage trees; (2) culture cells in in vivo-like microenvironments; and (3) measure many biological parameters simultaneously and noninvasively. Herein, we present a novel imaging culture chamber that facilitates "lineage informatics," a lineage-centric approach to cytomics. METHODS: We cultured cells in a confined monolayer using a novel "gap chamber" that produces images with confocal-like qualities using standard DIC microscopy. Lineage and other cytometric data were semiautomatically extracted from image sets of neural stem and progenitor cells and analyzed using lineage informatics. RESULTS: Cells imaged in the chamber every 3 min could be tracked for at least 6 generations allowing for the construction of extensive lineage trees with multiparameter data sets at hundreds of time points for each cell. The lineage informatics approach reveals relationships between lineage, phenotype, and microenvironment. Mass transfer characteristics and 3D geometry make the chamber more in vivo-like than traditional culture systems. CONCLUSIONS: The gap chamber allows cells to be cultured, imaged, and tracked in true monolayers permitting detailed informatics analysis of cell lineage, phenotype, and fate determinants. The chamber is biomimetic and straightforward to build and use, and should find many applications in long-term cell imaging.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Medical informatics and bioinformatics: European efforts to facilitate synergy.

Over the past decade there have been several attempts to rethink the basic strategies and scope of medical informatics. Meanwhile, bioinformatics has only recently experienced a similar debate about its scientific character. Both disciplines envision the development of novel diagnostic, therapeutic, and management tools, and products for patient care. A combination of the expertise of medical informatics in developing clinical applications and the focused principles that have guided bioinformatics could create a synergy between the two areas of application. Such interaction could have a great influence on future health research and the ultimate goal, namely continuity and individualization of health care. This article summarizes current activities related to facilitating synergy between medical informatics and bioinformatics, emphasizing activities in Europe while relating them to efforts in other parts of the world. The report provides examples of the analysis that European investigators are carrying out, aiming to propose new ideas for collaborations between medical informatics and bioinformatics researchers in a variety of areas.

Computational Biology↗

PubMed1987

A vocabulary for medical informatics.

The terminology in medical informatics is evolving rapidly. The organizers of MEDINFO and SCAMC have used different sets of keywords to index their documents. Recognizing the limitations of this approach, members of those organizations joined with the National Library of Medicine in the creation of a better terminology for medical informatics. A hierarchical structure was placed on the terms to produce a thesaurus typical of the sort often used in the indexing and retrieving of documents. The building of this thesaurus began with an automatic merging of the thesaurus used by the Association of Computing Machinery and the Information Sciences component of the "Medical Subject Headings." This product was pruned by eliminating terms not related to those in the MEDINFO keyword list or not in the medical informatics literature. Further refinement of the thesaurus resulted from extensive discussions among the authors of this paper. The first major application of this terminology has been to the indexing of the articles in "MEDINFO-86 Proceedings." Major components of this medical informatics thesaurus also have been incorporated into the "Medical Subject Headings." This paper describes the process of preparing the thesaurus and presents an evaluation of its coverage of the "MEDINFO-86 Proceedings."

Abstracting and Indexing↗

PubMed1995

Current state and perspectives of healthcare informatics in Russia.

Huge political, economical and social changes have occurred in Russia to the current moment. These changes led to restructuring of Russian healthcare as a whole and caused new demands on healthcare informatics. The state priority program of informatics of Russian healthcare has been created by the Ministry of Health in order to respond to the new tasks. During the last years in the Russian Federation, considerable experience has been gained in the exploitation and introduction of information systems used in the working of some medical and preventive establishments and healthcare management at various levels. The break-up of the USSR in 1991 and the new political and economical situation in the country brought about a deep crisis in healthcare informatics. This crisis was caused by the necessity of restructuring the care system, the creation of new concepts of reform and corresponding new concepts of healthcare informatics.

Delivery of Health Care↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Preparing for change: concepts and education in medical informatics.

Medical informatics as a medical discipline has developed over the last decades in parallel with an even more amazing proliferative development in medicine. The question is raised whether this new science, based on formalized and methodological approaches, may contribute to the development of a general theory in medicine as a consequence of the recognition of the influence of control mechanisms and structured information in molecular biology. It is suggested that medical informatics dedicates research to problems 'inside medicine' and that curricula are developed which bring a basic understanding for medical informatics to the medical student. The following teaching is suggested: basic mandatory courses, electives and inclusions of aspect of medical informatics in the various parts of clinical teaching. The possibility is discussed that the resulting teaching approaches may also be used to convey knowledge in medicine: teaching concepts versus teaching details. Finally, a description of the functional topology of expert systems as they develop is attempted and brought into relation to the architecture of hospital information systems. The increasing importance of expert systems also raises the question of 'decisional trials' as verification procedures when these new tools enter medical practice.

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMed2004

Globalisation of health and medical informatics education--what are the issues?

PURPOSE: We are witnessing a paradigm shift in higher education as a result of technological advances, adoption of on-line learning and a greater participation in e-commerce by higher education providers. Given the dearth of academics with high-level expertise in health informatics in many countries, we need to explore how best to use our scarce resources to have the greatest possible impact regarding the preparation of health professionals such that they can make the best possible use of available informatics technologies to support health service delivery. METHODS: The International Medical Informatics Association's (IMIA) education working group together with its institutional (academic members) is exploring how best to provide global and collaborative health informatics education and research. Central Queensland University (CQU), one of these members, is also working with the Health Level Seven (HL7) organisation to provide specific standards education internationally using flexible delivery methods. RESULTS: A number of issues requiring further exploration and resolutions have been identified. An overview of these is provided.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗

PubMed2004

Health informatics education for clinicians and managers--what's holding up progress?

This paper reports outcomes of a national survey of health informatics (HI) education and training carried out in the UK. A questionnaire to elicit details of HI and IT skills teaching was derived from a national consensus document (Learning to Manage Health Information, LtMHI). Forms were sent to all pre-qualification medical and nursing schools and to a stratified sample of postgraduate and post-registration programmes. Three case studies were carried out in acute hospital trusts to gain insight into opportunities for continuing professional development in health informatics and IT. Our evidence suggests that in the UK, health informatics is not yet integrated into the clinical curriculum. Nearly all the pre-qualification courses made some provision for teaching IT skills. Nonetheless, many respondents felt that students did not receive sufficient training. There was considerable variation in the amount of HI teaching provided in the different educational sectors. The case studies suggested very little HI training was provided for clinical staff and take-up of provision was not monitored. A number of factors are holding up progress, the most important being a lack of staff with the knowledge and skills to provide academic leadership. The paper outlines some steps that need to be taken to ensure health informatics is embedded in all clinical curricula.

Computer Literacy↗

PubMed2004

An international course on strategic information management for medical informatics students: international perspectives and evaluation.

All over the world, countries more and more take part in the international society and economy. To meet the stringent requirements of this globalization asks for internationally oriented and well-educated graduates. A major challenge of academia thus lies in qualifying graduates for international positions in this new world. A crucial element in the training and education of tomorrow's medical informatics specialists is exposure to health care systems across national borders. In this contribution, we report on the international aspects of and experiences with an inter-university course for medical informatics students on hospital information systems, in particular on their strategic information management. From 2001 onwards, this course was offered jointly for students of the University of Amsterdam, the University of Heidelberg/University of Applied Sciences Heilbronn and the University of Health Informatics and Technology, Tyrol (UMIT). Based on our experiences, future establishment of international courses in the medical and health informatics field is recommended.

Austria↗

PubMed2005

Nursing informatics knowledge and competencies: a national survey of nursing education programs in the United States.

An online survey of deans/directors of 266 baccalaureate and higher nursing programs in the U.S. was developed by informatics expert nurses. Participants (1) identified nursing informatics (NI) competencies and knowledge of undergraduate and/or graduate students in their nursing programs; (2) determined faculty preparedness to teach NI and to use informatics tools; and (3) provided perceptions of NI requirements of local practicing nurses. Frequency data and qualitative responses were analyzed. Approximately half of undergraduate nursing programs were teaching information literacy skills and required students to enter with word-processing and email skills. Least visible informatics content at all levels included the use of information system data standards, the Nursing Information and Data Set Evaluation Center criteria, the unified medical language system (UMLS), and the nurse's role in the life cycle of an information system. Almost 50% of respondents perceived faculty as "novice" and "advanced beginners" in teaching and using NI applications. Participants reported no future plans to offer NI training in their region. Findings have major implications for nurse faculty, staff developers, and program administrators who are planning continuing education opportunities and designing nursing curricula that prepare nurses for use of the electronic health record and 21st century professional practice.

Clinical Competence↗

PubMed1996

A systematic view on medical informatics.

Medical informatics is defined as the scientific discipline concerned with the systematic processing of data, information and knowledge in medicine and health care. The domain of medical informatics (including health informatics), its aim, methods and tools, and its relevance to other disciplines in medicine and health sciences are outlined. It is recognized that one of the major tasks of medical informatics is modelling processes. In this context, biological, communication, decision, engineering, educational, organizational and computational processes are distinguished and described.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMed1997

A look at nursing informatics.

This is a companion article to the article on Medical Informatics. It focuses on the new nursing specialty-Nursing Informatics. This article provides an overview, scope, definitions, data standards, goals, and research initiatives designed to advance the status Nursing Informatics. Seven research priorities have been proposed which not only provides the direction for Nursing Informatics research, but also the focus for computer-based nursing information systems.

Decision Making, Computer-Assisted↗