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Results for “NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES”

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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Prevention of nervous system diseases in workers manufacturing rubber products].

Workers of a rubber plant with allergic pathology showed marked changes of the nervous system manifested in vegetovascular dystonia mainly of the hypertensive type and in hypertensive disease (grades I-II). These changes developed often against the background of urticaria, Quincke edema, allergic rhinitis. Prophylactic measures are proposed on the reduction of allergic morbidity and nervous system diseases in workers of the rubber industry.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1980

Resistance to fatal central nervous system disease by mouse hepatitis virus, strain JHM. II. Adherent cell-mediated protection.

Resistance of SJL/J mice to intracranial inoculation with the JHM strain of mouse hepatitis, a coronavirus, is dependent upon the age of the animals at inoculation. Animals 12 weeks of age or older are resistant, whereas those 6 weeks or younger are uniformly susceptible to viral infection. Spleen cells or thioglycolate elicited peritoneal exudate cells can transfer resistance from 12-week-old to 6-week-old recipients. Removal of the adherent cells from either spleen or peritoneal cells ablated protection. Adherent cells from 12-week-old mice were protective even after depletion of Ia- and Thy-1-bearing cells. Antiviral antibody, thioglycolate injection into 6-week-old animals, and nylon wool-purified T cells were ineffective in mediating resistance. Adherent cells transferred 4 days before virus challenge, but not after challenge, were protective. Thus, there is an age-related change in SJL mice that protects from acute central nervous system disease, which may be due to maturation of a specialized adherent cell population.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The concept of microglia in relation to central nervous system disease and regeneration.

In a relatively short period of time, the microglial cell has gone from a strongly contested component of the central nervous system (CNS), to being recognised as one of the main players in the response to brain injury. Microglia are thought to arise from cells of haematopoietic origin, and enter the brain in response to naturally occurring cell death. As a result, the microglial cell is the representative of the immune system within the brain. However, the main role of microglia in the adult CNS is to respond to disruption of the homeostasis of the brain, whether that disruption comes from direct damage to neurons, neuronal degeneration or through disease. In this paper we investigate three main causes of cell death in the CNS: inherited degeneration, traumatic lesions and human diseases, and the microglial response to each. Then we examine the mechanisms by which microglia control their surroundings and the methods employed by these cells to instigate neuronal death. Recent observations suggest that under no conditions where neurons are dying or regrowing are microglia not involved, and control of microglia is likely to be just as important in regeneration as providing a favourable environment for neurons to grow. In short, microglia cannot be seen merely as cells of a certain type within the brain, possessing certain functions, but instead must be regarded as a concept that shapes the approaches taken to nervous system development, cell death, disease and trauma, and nervous system regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Central nervous system disease in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: prospective correlation using CT, MR imaging, and pathologic studies.

A prospective study compared the abilities of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in detection and evaluation of central nervous system disease in neurologically symptomatic patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Eighteen CT scans and 19 MR images in 14 patients were compared. HRCT images with contrast material enhancement were superior to unenhanced 0.35-T MR images for differentiating a lesion from surrounding edema, discriminating between lesions in close proximity, locating lesions for biopsy, judging lesion activity, detecting small cortical lesions with minimal edema, and spatial resolution. MR imaging was superior to CT scanning in evaluation of white-matter lesions and detection of small lesions surrounded by edema. MR imaging exhibited higher contrast resolution and greater sensitivity. Complementary uses of MR and CT imaging are suggested.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2004

No gender differences in the progression of nervous system disease in HIV infection.

The past decade has seen a marked increase in the number of HIV-infected women in the United States. There has been recent concern that HIV disease in general may progress more rapidly in women than men, and some studies, primarily retrospective reviews, have suggested higher rates of neurologic disease among females. The objective of this study was to assess gender differences in HIV-related central and peripheral nervous system disease over time. Participants were enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study at the University of North Carolina and had annual follow-up evaluations. At baseline, 42 HIV-negative females, 52 HIV-positive females, and 52 HIV-positive males were compared for age, education, mode of infection, absolute CD4 cell count, and plasma/cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA load. Subjects were evaluated by standardized clinical neurologic, neuropsychological, and laboratory examinations every year. The results indicated that both HIV-positive males and HIV-positive females had poorer neurologic functioning than the control group. However, there was no evidence from the parameters measured that the rate of decline differed between HIV-positive males and HIV-positive females.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗