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Results for “Neoadjuvant therapy”

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PubMed2005

[Curative surgical treatment of inoperable pancreatic cancer after neoadjuvant therapy].

In the treatment of pancreatic cancer only curative resection increases the life expectancy. Radical resection is a high risk operation, but it can be performed with low peri-operational mortality in specialist surgical centres. At the time of diagnosis most patients are in stage (TMN of pancreatic cancer UICC 1997) III or IV, thus curative resection cannot be performed. Neo-adjuvant therapy shrinks the tumour in 60-70%, giving new hope for the patients. In this paper authors present two cases of pancreatic cancer resections. Palliative operations were performed in patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer. Later neo-adjuvant chemotherapy was performed--in these cases it meant chemotherapy--and after that a second, this time curative procedure was performed.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Sentinel node in the era of neoadjuvant therapy and locally advanced breast cancer.

The most important determinant of prognosis for patients with breast cancer is the status of the axillary lymph nodes. Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has been performed for over a century to stage the cancer, achieve regional control, and perhaps improve survival. In accordance with tradition, ALND has been performed on all patients with the diagnosis of invasive breast cancer. In the early 1990s, this dogma was challenged because of the significant morbidity associated with ALND (paresthesia, extremity lymphedema) and the fact that greater than 50% of all breast cancers are node negative. A less morbid but highly accurate staging procedure, lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB) was introduced. Currently, the de facto standard of care in breast cancer is to perform LM and SNB in patients with small tumors and clinically negative axilla. While numerous methodological issues are being raised, the utility of LM and SNB identification continues to expand. In the current review we assess the application of this technique to locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. What role does SNB play in locally advanced disease? Is LM and SNB accurate for patients with advanced disease? What influence do axillary metastases have on further treatment? What is the role of SNB in the planning for neoadjuvant patients? The skillful management of patients with breast cancer lies in the delicate balance between maximizing the efficacy of treatment and minimizing its morbidity and failure.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Definitive and neoadjuvant therapies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction tumors: a look back and toward the future.

This article gives a brief discussion of "state-of-the-art" therapeutic strategies for esophageal and gastroesophageal junction tumors, with an emphasis on combined-modality therapy. In addition, we review the results of a multimodality trial conducted using a new agent against esophageal cancer, oxaliplatin. In this trial, the emphasis was on the efficacy and toxicity of oxaliplatin in combination with protracted infusion 5-fluorouracil and radiation. A secondary endpoint of the study was the relationship between efficacy and toxicity to specific intratumoral gene expressions within the primary esophageal tumor.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed2003

Is neoadjuvant therapy the answer to adenocarcinoma of the esophagus?

The conflicting results of randomized studies have led to confusion over the proper management of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. Although there is no firm evidence that neoadjuvant chemoradiation improves survival, because of the shortcomings of these trials, this method of treatment is practiced at many centers. Without the results of another multiinstitutional randomized trial, the true answer may never be known.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2002

Neoadjuvant therapy of rectal carcinoma with UFT-leucovorin plus radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: The object of this phase II study was to assess the impact of preoperative external radiation therapy combined with UFT and leucovorin on tumor response, sphincter preservation and tumor control in patients with rectal carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients with resectable extraperitoneal rectal adenocarcinoma received radiation therapy and two courses of chemotherapy. Chemotherapy consisted of a 2-h infusion of 6S-steroisomer of leucovorin (6SLV) 250 mg/m2 on day 1, oral 6SLV 7.5 mg every 12 h on days 2-14, and UFT either 350 or 300 mg/m2 on days 1 to 14 every 28 days. Six additional courses of chemotherapy were given after surgery. RESULTS: Seven of 16 patients (43%) who received 350 mg/m2/day of UFT had grade 3-4 diarrhea and two other patients (12%) had grade 3-4 dermatitis. The next 25 patients received 300 mg/m2/day of UFT and only 14% of them had grade 3-4 diarrhea. Surgery consisted of low-anterior resection in 26 patients (63%) and abdominal-perineal amputation in 15 (37%). There were six histological complete responses (15%). Downstaging occurred in 25 patients (63%). The overall survival at 3 years was 90% and the pelvic disease-free survival 92%. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative therapy with radiotherapy and UFT-6SLV downstaged 63% of tumors and allowed a sphincter-preserving procedure in some patients. Toxicity was moderate. This scheme is convenient because of the oral administration of chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1997

Tumour regression in non-small-cell lung cancer following neoadjuvant therapy. Histological assessment.

In the scope of a prospective multi-centre study after neoadjuvant combined chemotherapy (carboplatin, ifosfamide, etoposide, vindesine) and radiotherapy (45 Gy) 40 resection specimens of locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer were analysed in order to establish reproducible pathological/anatomical results of tumour regression. Resection specimens of 28 squamous cell carcinomas and 12 adenocarcinomas were investigated using serial sections of the primary lesion. The mean age of the patients was 57 years. The results were compared to spontaneous regressive changes in a control group of 50 untreated non-small-cell lung cancers. Marked scarry fibrosis in the region of the former primary tumour, concentric foci of fresh tumour necroses and surrounding foam cell clusters with transition into vascular granulation tissue could be established as characteristic features of therapy-induced tumour regression, whereas untreated carcinomas revealed necroses with adjoining vital tumour tissue. Using a three-step regression system, 3 tumours could be classified as grade I (no or only slight tumour regression), 10 tumours as grade IIA (marked but incomplete tumour regression, more than 10% vital tumour tissue), 20 tumours as grade IIB (less than 10% vital tumour tissue) and 7 tumours as grade III (complete tumour regression without vital tumour tissue). After a median follow-up period of 32.3 months in patients with grade IIB or III tumour regression ("responders") the median survival time of 27.9 months was found to be significantly longer than in patients with grade I or IIA tumour regression ("non-responders") with a median survival period of 13.7 months (log-rank test, P = 0.020). The resection specimens analysed, which were obtained 7 weeks (on average) after the end of radiochemotherapy, did not show specific changes due to preoperative therapy, but quite characteristic histological alterations in the former tumour area were registered, which had been induced by combined neoadjuvant radiation and chemotherapy. The grade of therapy-induced tumour regression could be shown to be a significant prognostic factor in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Surgical treatment of breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy].

Primary chemotherapy represents a new therapeutic strategy that allows the implementation of conservative surgical treatment in locally advanced breast cancer or in cancers measuring > 3 cm. Of 127 patients with breast cancers measuring > 2.5 cm, 86 were treated with primary chemotherapy. This consisted in the administration of the ADM + TAX protocol in 28 cases and CNF in 58 cases. Three complete responses, 8 cases of stable disease and 75 partial responses were observed. Eleven radical mastectomies and 74 conservative treatments were performed. The chemotherapy protocol enabled us to convert 87% of the patients treated to conservative treatment, thus affording a treatment that offers a better quality of life despite the existence of a voluminous cancer and is of considerable psychological help in patients suffering from cancer of the breast.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Neoadjuvant therapy of rectal cancer using oral tegaful-uracil (UFT) plus concomitant radiotherapy--a case report.

A 59-year-old male patient with rectal cancer 2 cm in diameter (T2) at the peritoneal reflection with suspicious left lateral node metastasis was treated with 400 mg of preoperative oral uracil and tegaful (UFT) for 5 weeks, 5 days a week in combination with concomitant radiotherapy of 45 Gy per 25 fractions for 5 weeks. After resting for another 5 weeks, colon fiberscopy, barium enema, and computed tomography revealed a trace of the primary tumor and a 40% shrinkage of the lateral metastasis. The serum CEA level decreased to the normal range during treatment. The adverse effects were nausea, bloody stool and elevation of transaminase, all at grade 1. Low anterior resection with a left hemi-lateral lymphadenectomy was performed through a suprapubic, one hand-size incision without laparoscopy. The preoperative treatment did not affect any operative procedures, and no postoperative complications occurred. The surgical specimen showed that the rectal tumor had been remarkably shrunk by the preoperative treatment, to the level of a superficial type tumor. Histological analysis indicated moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma cells that were present at only 2 mm in diameter in the mucosal layer, 6 mm in the submucosal layer, and 1 mm or less in the muscular layer with scar formation. No metastasis was detected in the 16 lymph nodes dissected, but an organizing tumor thrombus, which had preoperatively been diagnosed as lateral node metastasis, was detected. These results suggest that preoperative oral UFT plus concomitant radiotherapy may be a feasible, tolerable and effective treatment for patients with rectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1999

The TP53 genotype but not immunohistochemical result is predictive of response to cisplatin-based neoadjuvant therapy in stage III non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: The cytotoxic effects of cisplatin and anthracyclins have been attributed to apoptosis induction, which has been recognized as a major function of the TP53 gene. The TP53 gene appears to be mutated in about 50% of cases of non-small cell lung cancer. A possible dependence of chemotherapy response on TP53 genotype was evaluated retrospectively in a group of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and induction treatment. METHODS: Patients with complete or partial remission were compared with those with stable or progressive disease with respect to TP53 genotype and overall survival. Mutations in the TP53 gene were detected by complete direct sequencing (exons 2-11). RESULTS: A normal TP53 genotype proved to be significantly associated with major response to chemotherapy (P <.001). Overall, no association was found between p53 protein expression and TP53 genotype. A normal TP53 genotype was found to be highly sensitive in predicting response to treatment, whereas a mutant genotype was revealed to be specific in predicting lack of response. The difference in overall length of survival was significant between patients exhibiting a normal TP53 genotype (corresponding to those whose disease responded to chemotherapy) and patients showing mutant TP53 genotype (corresponding to those who had disease resistant to chemotherapy, P =.027). CONCLUSIONS: In a small cohort of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer we found a direct link between normal TP53 genotype and response to cisplatin-based induction treatment and also between mutant genotype and resistance to treatment, whereas p53 immunohistochemical result was predictive of neither.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMed2005

Neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: improved tumor response, local recurrence, and overall survival in nonanemic patients.

INTRODUCTION: Preoperative, long-course chemoradiotherapy is recommended for rectal cancers involving or threatening the mesorectal resection margin, but tumor response is variable. Some highly radiosensitive cancers completely regress, leading to reduced local recurrence and improved survival. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of anemia during chemoradiotherapy on tumor response, local and distant recurrence, and overall survival. METHODS: Mean hemoglobins during chemoradiotherapy of consecutive patients with rectal cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy and surgery were calculated and ranked. Anemia was defined as lowest quartile for males and females. Tumor response was histologically quantified using rectal cancer regression grade. RESULTS: Of 100 patients, 5 females and 20 males were anemic. Nonanemic patients achieved better tumor response (54 percent regression Grade 1) than anemic patients (28 percent, P = 0.028). There were more locally advanced cancers in anemic (48 percent T4) compared with nonanemic patients (21 percent T4), but radiologic T stage did not influence tumor response (50 percent T3 vs. 43 percent T4 regression Grade 1, P = 0.53) or overall survival. Mesorectal margin positivity was less in nonanemic (15 percent) compared with anemic patients (36 percent, P = 0.021). At median follow-up of 39 months, nonanemic patients (7 percent) suffered less local recurrence than anemic patients did (38 percent, P = 0.003). Overall survival at two years was improved in nonanemic (91 percent) compared with anemic patients (64 percent, P = 0.021), but was similar for T3 and T4 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with normal hemoglobin during chemoradiotherapy achieved better tumor response, less local recurrence, and improved overall survival compared with anemic patients, independent of radiologic T stage. Correcting anemia before chemoradiotherapy might improve tumor response and oncologic outcomes.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2007

Neoadjuvant therapy with paclitaxel followed by 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide chemotherapy and concurrent trastuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive operable breast cancer: an update of the initial randomized study population and data of additional patients treated with the same regimen.

PURPOSE: Findings from our previously published phase III randomized trial showed a high pathologic complete remission (CR) rate in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer after the concurrent administration of trastuzumab and paclitaxel, followed by concurrent trastuzumab and 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FEC) preoperative chemotherapy. The safety and efficacy data of initial population were updated, with inclusion of additional experience with the same therapy. STUDY DESIGN: The initial randomized study population of 42 patients were randomly assigned to either four cycles of paclitaxel followed by four cycles of FEC or to the same chemotherapy with simultaneous weekly trastuzumab for 24 weeks. All data were updated through November 2005. RESULTS: Pretreatment characteristics of the initial patients and of the second cohort were similar. In the second cohort, pathologic CR rate was 54.5% (95% confidence interval, 32.2-75.6%) and the pathologic CR rate among all patients treated with chemotherapy plus trastuzumab was 60% (95% confidence interval, 44.3-74.3%). Three patients in the chemotherapy only group have recurred, and one has died. There has been no recurrences in the patients randomized to chemotherapy plus trastuzumab, and the estimated disease-free survival at 1 and 3 years was 100% (P = 0.041). In additional cohort treated with chemotherapy and trastuzumab at the median follow-up of 16.3 months, no patients had recurred. No new safety concerns were observed in this study. CONCLUSION: Our expanded cardiac safety data and the updated efficacy data showed that the natural history of this subset of breast cancer patients can be substantially modified by this treatment approach.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Invasive ductal carcinoma and invasive lobular carcinoma of breast differ in response following neoadjuvant therapy with epidoxorubicin and docetaxel + G-CSF.

PURPOSE: Preoperative chemotherapy in patients with primary breast cancer treated with anthracyclines and taxanes results in high response rates, allowing breast conserving surgery (BCS) in patients primarily not suitable for this procedure. Pathological responses are important prognostic parameters for progression free and overall survival. We questioned the impact of histologic type invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) versus invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) on response to primary chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 161 patients with breast cancer received preoperative chemotherapy consisted of epidoxorubicin 75 mg/m(2) and docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) administered in combination with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on days 3-10 (ED + G). Pathological complete response (pCR), biological markers and type of surgery as well as progression free and overall survival were compared between IDC and ILC. RESULTS: Out of 161 patients, 124 patients presented with IDC and 37 with ILC. Patients with ILC were less likely to have a pCR (3% vs. 20%, P < 0.009) and breast conserving surgeries (51% vs. 79%, P < 0.001). Patients with ILC tended to have oestrogen receptor positive tumors (86% vs. 52%, P < 0.0001), HER 2 negative tumors (69% vs. 84%), and lower nuclear grade (nuclear grade 3, 16% vs. 46%, P < 0.001). Patients with ILC tended to have longer time to progression (TTP) (42 months vs. 26 months) and overall survival (69 months vs. 65 months). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that patients with ILC achieved a lower pCR rate and ineligibility for BCS to preoperative chemotherapy, but this did not result in a survival disadvantage. Because of these results new strategies to achieve a pCR are warranted.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

Phase I trial of cetuximab in combination with capecitabine, weekly irinotecan, and radiotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer.

PURPOSE: To establish the feasibility and efficacy of chemotherapy with capecitabine, weekly irinotecan, cetuximab, and pelvic radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty patients with rectal cancer (clinical Stage uT3-T4 or N+) received a standard dosing regimen of cetuximab (400 mg/m(2) on Day 1 and 250 mg/m(2) on Days 8, 15, 22, and 29) and escalating doses of irinotecan and capecitabine according to phase I methods: dose level I, irinotecan 40 mg/m(2) on Days 1, 8, 15, 22, and 29 and capecitabine 800 mg/m(2) on Days 1-38; dose level II, irinotecan 40 mg/m(2) and capecitabine 1000 mg/m(2); and dose level III, irinotecan 50 mg/m(2) and capecitabine 1000 mg/m(2). Radiotherapy was given to a dose of 50.4 Gy (45 Gy plus 5.4 Gy). Resection was scheduled 4-5 weeks after termination of chemoradiotherapy. RESULTS: On dose level I, no dose-limiting toxicities occurred; however, Grade 3 diarrhea affected 1 of 6 patients on dose level II. Of 5 patients treated at dose level III, 2 exhibited dose-limiting toxicity (diarrhea in 2 and nausea/vomiting in 1). Therefore, dose level II was determined as the recommended dose for future studies. A total of 10 patients were treated on dose level II and received a mean relative dose intensity of 100% of cetuximab, 94% of irinotecan, and 95% of capecitabine. All patients underwent surgery. Five patients had a pathologically complete remission and six had microfoci of residual tumor only. CONCLUSION: Preoperative chemoradiotherapy with cetuximab, capecitabine, and weekly irinotecan is feasible and well tolerated. The preliminary efficacy is very promising. Larger phase II trials are ongoing.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Evaluation of isolated lung perfusion as neoadjuvant therapy of lung metastases using a novel in vivo pig model: I. Influence of perfusion pressure and hyperthermia on functional and morphological lung integrity.

OBJECTIVE: Despite favorable experimental results and an encouraging early experience in humans, isolated lung perfusion (ILP) for treatment of metastases is still not established clinically. The complexity of the procedure as well as poor knowledge regarding the technical necessities of lung perfusion represents major limitations. METHODS: In this novel in vivo pig model, ILP of the left lung was performed for 40 min followed by the exclusion of the right lung. Survival and all monitored parameters of hemodynamics, ventilation and gas exchange were exclusively dependent on the previously perfused left lung for the 6-h reperfusion period. Furthermore, histological examination was assessed. In the first protocol influence of different perfusion pressures (PP) on the native lung tissue was investigated (LPG, n=6, PP<25 mmHg; HPG, n = 8, PP> or =25 mmHg). In the second protocol the influence of normothermic (T-38; n=5; t=38 degrees C), mild (T-40; n=5; t=40 degrees C) and moderate hyperthermic (T-41.5; n=5; t=41.5 degrees C) perfusion temperature was evaluated. Results were compared to those of a sham-operated control group (SG, n=5). RESULTS: ILP led to a slight deterioration of all functional as well as histological parameters in all groups. HPG resulted in impairment regarding all monitored parameters compared to LPG and SG. Significant differences between HPG and SG were found for cardiac index (P=0.026) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI, P=0.026). Histological scoring revealed significantly higher grade of lung injury for HPG animals (P=0.001). Functional parameters did not differ between normothermic and hyperthermic perfusion groups. However, animals of the T-38 group demonstrated significantly increased PVRI (P=0.004). Histological examination revealed significantly higher scores of acute lung injury for all perfusion groups compared to the Sham group (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this novel large animal model represent the first available demonstration that increased PP in a setting of ILP will result in deleterious effects on lung function and morphology. However, mild to moderate hyperthermia is well tolerated by the native lung tissue.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Evaluation of isolated lung perfusion as neoadjuvant therapy of lung metastases using a novel in vivo pig model: II. High-dose cisplatin is well tolerated by the native lung tissue.

OBJECTIVE: Efficacy of in vivo isolated lung perfusion (ILP) with cisplatin could be shown in different rodent tumor models. Despite the use of this alternative therapeutical strategy in very few patients with lung metastases, there are no systematic studies regarding the tolerance of the native lung tissue in large animal models or humans. METHODS: In a novel ILP pig model, groups with two different concentrations of cisplatin (group CP150: 150 mg/m(2) cisplatin, n=5; group CP300: 300 mg/m(2) cisplatin, n=5) were compared with a control group (n=5) and a Sham group (n=5) concerning the influence on hemodynamic, ventilatory and gas exchange parameters as well as on structural integrity of the lung. In the additional CP300-HT group the potentially cumulative effect of hyperthermia and high-dose cisplatin perfusion was evaluated (300 mg/m(2) cisplatin, 41.5 degrees C, n=5). Following the ILP of the left lung for 40 min, right main bronchus and right pulmonary arteries were clamped and survival as well as lung function parameters were dependent on the previously perfused lung for the 6-h-reperfusion period. Quantification of histological acute lung injury was performed using the score of Chiang. ANOVA, ANOVA with repeated measures and Pearson's correlation estimation were applied for statistical evaluation. RESULTS: All animals survived ILP and the entire reperfusion period. Platinum levels of the perfusate and lung tissue showed a significant correlation with the dose given (P<0.001) but no correlation with the very low plasma levels in all groups (P=0.825). ILP resulted in a slight deterioration of most functional parameters compared to the Sham group. Although there were no differences between the perfusion groups regarding hemodynamic and ventilatory parameters, gas exchange parameters (pO(2)/FiO(2)-index, pCO(2), AADO(2)) demonstrated a trend toward dose-related functional impairment. Histological evaluation confirmed a dose-depending damage of lung tissue (P<0.001, correlation coefficient 0.670). The hyperthermic ILP with high-dose cisplatin led to improved gas exchange parameters and a reduction of morphological lung damage. CONCLUSIONS: In vivo ILP with high-dose cisplatin represents a safe procedure in this pig model. Hyperthermic perfusion up to 41.5 degrees C was beneficial to reduce the acute lung injury. The promising results of this study might be used for initiation of clinical trials as an alternative treatment in patients with a very poor prognosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

Induction or neoadjuvant therapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

Many patients with stage I-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resected for cure will experience distant relapse. Results of adjuvant chemotherapy trials after surgery have generally been negative. Neoadjuvant or induction chemotherapy before surgery offers several theoretical advantages; the results of neoadjuvant chemotherapy or combined chemoradiation therapy followed by surgery in resectable and potentially resectable NSCLC are reviewed in this report. In resectable NSCLC, the results of two small trials have yielded positive trends in favor of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, neither of these trials was flawless; therefore, firm conclusions cannot yet be drawn. In selected patients with initially nonresectable NSCLC, several phase II studies have demonstrated the potential utility of induction chemotherapy or combined chemoradiation therapy. A relatively high proportion of these patients were rendered resectable. Pathologic complete remissions were observed in up to 25% of patients and survival rates improved significantly, particularly in patients achieving pathologic complete remission. A current intergroup trial will ultimately assess the utility of surgery after induction chemoradiation in this group of patients. The advent of newer agents with demonstrated activity in advanced NSCLC has led to the design of potentially more effective but also more toxic neoadjuvant regimens. Some of these are under investigation in large randomized phase III trials, which should ultimately elucidate the role of induction therapy with "modern" agents in potentially curable NSCLC.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed2003

Apoptosis in prostate carcinoma before and after neoadjuvant therapy with LH-RH analog.

This study investigated apoptosis in prostate cancer before and after neoadjuvant treatment with LH-RH analog, demonstrating that this therapy induced high AI and bax and survivin overexpression, thus acting as a proapoptotic agent in prostate cancer. A statistically significant correlation was found between high AI and overexpression of bax protein after therapy. It is probable that this kind of therapy is deeply implicated in promoting the apoptotic intrinsic pathway.

Apoptosis↗

PubMed2003

[Docetaxel in neoadjuvant therapy of early-stage non-small cell carcinoma].

The combination of docetaxel and cisplatin is one of the standard chemotherapy regimens which has been shown to improve survival and quality of life in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Docetaxel has therefore been administered by several groups in the neoadjuvant setting in stage-III disease. In combination with cisplatin, the response rate, the complete resection rate and the pathological response rate were similar as in other regimens, postoperative morbidity and mortality, however, seemed reduced when compared with combinations including mitomycin C. Furthermore, there was an association of the chemotherapy activity in mediastinal lymph nodes of patients with a NSCLC (stage IIIA) and overall survival. Based on these results, the cytostatic combination of docetaxel/cisplatin has been chosen for further use in large randomized studies.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗