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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Surgical oncology of exotic animals.

This article reviews the initial management of exotic patients with amass. The important principles of the initial workup, including how to get a definitive diagnosis and how to stage the extent of the disease are covered. There are many biopsy instruments currently available, and the advantages and disadvantages of these are presented. Principles of tumor excision and marking the tissue sampled are also discussed. It is important to submit all of the tissue excised and evaluate the surgical margins for the presence of neoplastic cells, even if the tumor seems too small to put in the sample vial. Follow-up for patients that have had cancer surgery is also reviewed, along with the effects of adjunct therapies on wound healing.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

A simple method for short-term controlled anesthesia in newborn mice.

In this study, we describe a simple and inexpensive method for inducing short-term anesthesia and rapid recovery in newborn mice. Litters of Swiss mice pups were randomly allocated to testing on postnatal days 2, 5, and 8. Anesthesia was induced by placing the pup in a syringe and adding a volume of isoflurane-saturated gas that produced an estimated level of 32% isoflurane. Exposure to isoflurane lasted 30 s. All the pups survived the anesthesia. At all study ages, this method abolished the nociceptive response to tail clamp without inducing mortality, thus showing effective anesthesia. Recovery from anesthesia was assessed immediately after isoflurane exposure, based on two nonnoxious behavioral tests: the defensive response to a drop of water (10 tests, 1 min apart) and 10 min later the righting reflex, i.e., the time to recovery of the prone position (five tests, 10 min apart). The water drop test scores increased during the recovery phase toward the control values in all age groups. Treatment and time had no significant effect on righting reflex scores. The initial volume in the syringe, the volume of added isoflurane-saturated gas, and the duration of exposure may be adjusted according to postnatal age and specific strains or species (e.g., rats). This method is well suited to behavioral or physiological phenotype studies in developing mice, in which noxious procedures must precede functional testing, making rapid recovery from anesthesia a key requirement.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2000

Surgically treatable upper respiratory disorders.

Diseases of the upper airways and trachea frequently result in inspiratory dyspnea, and surgery is often required to alleviate symptoms arising from these disorders. Although surgery alone may not effectively treat all diseases of the nasal cavity and sinuses, surgery allows removal of foreign bodies that cannot be retrieved endoscopically and may facilitate treatment of other disorders. Indications for surgery are discussed, and principles of surgery of the upper airways are reviewed.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Muscle and nerve biopsy.

Biopsy of muscle and nerve is an essential component of the diagnostic plan for animals with suspected neuromuscular disease. This article includes descriptions of the biopsy procedures and information regarding appropriate biopsy site selection and correct handling and processing of the tissues. The normal and pathological appearance of muscle and nerve using routine histochemical and histological techniques are described and illustrated emphasizing the basic myopathic and neuropathic responses of the neuromuscular system.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Perioperative management of paraneoplastic syndromes.

This discussion of paraneoplasia is by no means exhaustive, but it does represent the more common conditions seen in the surgical oncology patient. A thorough understanding of biologic behavior of different tumor types allows the surgeon to recognize cases in which special attention is needed for the management of paraneoplastic syndromes. In this way, problems are averted, minimizing risk to the patient and increasing the likelihood of a successful surgical outcome.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Perioperative nutritional support for the animal with cancer.

Tumors directly consume nutrients and produce paraneoplastic pathometabolic changes in food use efficiency. In combination with anorexia, negative energy balance and nutrient depletion can be extensive. Refeeding against catabolic changes supports general and specific host defenses. Enteral feeding methods are preferred to parenteral techniques and nutrient profiles are available that appear to favor host repletion.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Pharmacological management of pain and infection in the surgical oncology patient.

Surgical oncology patients are often high-risk patients that require careful perioperative management for a successful outcome. Prophylactic antibiotics are needed to prevent infection in tissues compromised by disease, radiation, or chemotherapy. Pain control is needed to prevent the stress response to surgery from worsening the outcome and to aid in the maintenance of patient comfort.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1995

Principles of surgical oncology.

Surgical treatment of cancer has many advantages over other treatment modalities. The principles of defining the goal of surgery, surgical planning, surgical technique, surgical margins, and patient aftercare are reviewed. Special attention is devoted to tumor seeding and obtaining adequate margins. Incorporation of biologic behavior and stage of disease into the surgical plan are paramount to the successful implementation of surgery in cancer treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Oncologic surgical emergencies.

Surgical oncologic emergencies are relatively common and pose a clinical and therapeutic challenge for the emergency clinician. This article provides a clear clinical reference for assessment and management of some common surgical emergencies in cancer patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

The science of surgical oncology: past progress and future direction.

The future of surgical oncology is not simply to remove more body parts but to better select the best treatment for each individual patient. The area of predictive assays is growing quickly, and although generally mentioned in relation to chemotherapy or radiation response, these assays can also be applied to surgery. More accurate staging is crucial to surgeons in customizing the operative procedure to the individual.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Ophthalmic instrumentation.

The instruments utilized in ophthalmic surgery are described along with their intended uses. The sterilization and storage of surgical instruments are also discussed. To guide the surgeon in the selection of instruments, examples of instrument packs are included.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Principles of microsurgery.

The surgical principles and techniques used in ophthalmic microsurgery differ considerably from those used in general surgery. Successful ophthalmic microsurgery requires that the surgeon understand not only the design and complexities of the operating microscope, but how tissues are affected by minute manipulations with microsurgical instruments. Furthermore, ophthalmic microsurgery requires a detailed understanding of how microsurgical techniques need to be adjusted to accommodate the unique features of ocular tissues such as conjunctiva, cornea, and lens. A diligent effort to master the principles of ophthalmic microsurgery is probably the single most important prerequisite to becoming an accomplished ophthalmic surgeon.

Animals↗