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Results for “TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT”

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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Composite temporalis pedicle flap as an interpositional graft in temporomandibular joint arthroplasty: a preliminary report.

Fifteen temporomandibular joint patients were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively to evaluate the effectiveness of a composite (fascia, muscle and periosteum) temporalis pedicle flap as an interpositional disc replacement. A modified Craniomandibular Index (CMI) and Symptom Severity Index (SSI) were used to assess clinical and subjective symptoms. Eighteen months postoperatively there was a significant reduction in the CM and SS indices (P less than .001), with significant clinical improvement of the mandibular range of motion (P less than .05). However, a significant reduction of translation (P less than .01) was evident indicating that the increased mandibular opening was owing to a compensatory rotational movement. This study indicates that the composite temporalis pedicle flap is a good autogenous tissue for the reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Tomographic evaluation of 100 patients with temporomandibular joint symptoms.

In this study the temporomandibular joints of 100 patients were examined radiographically. While the results leave many unanswered questions, studies of this type do contribute to an increase in the knowledge of this complex structure. It is anticipated that polycycloidal tomography will provide even greater knowledge of the bony components of the TMJ. More accurate, objective radiographic evidence will unquestionably allow us to approach subjective clinical evidence with greater confidence in relating these factors to diagnosis. Dentistry must recognize that the newer and more sophisticated methods must be utilized to evaluate pathologic changes or disease entities, such as temporomandibular joint dysfunction. A health profession must be provided with maximum information for total diagnosis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

'Friction and adhesive forces'--possible underlying causes for temporomandibular joint internal derangement.

Since normal temporomandibular joint (TMJ) movements depend primarily on the disc freely sliding down the slope of the eminence, understanding how aberrations in the lubrication system contribute to TMJ dysfunction is clearly critically important. It provides a possible explanation for the genesis of disc displacement and helps make us familiar with the clinical appearance and ways of treating limited mouth opening caused by the anchored disc phenomenon (ADP) versus disc displacement without reduction, TMJ open lock versus dislocation and osteoarthritis. This understanding clarifies the efficiency of procedures such as joint hydraulic pump, arthrocentesis and arthroscopic lavage and lysis particularly in ADP, open lock and osteoarthritis.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[An evaluation of various methods for arthrography of the temporomandibular joint].

In 130 patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunctions several arthrographic techniques were applied, and their advantages and drawbacks pointed to. Indications to different joint contrasting techniques were established. Contrast arthrotomography combined with computerized tomography showed major diagnostic value in detection of internal joint disorders.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[Possible complications in arthroscopic lavage of the temporomandibular joint].

COMPLICATIONS: Arthroscopy of the temporomandibular joint is an invasive procedure that can entail potential complications. Based on many years of personal experience and taking data from the literature into account, this article discusses functional, surgical, and anesthesiological complications of arthroscopy of the temporomandibular joint. The majority of these complications can be avoided by heeding specific knowledge of topography, careful manipulation, and corresponding surgical experience. INFORMING THE PATIENT: The information given to the patient prior to the intervention should cover not only hemorrhaging, swelling, and wound infection, but also damage to (branches of) the facial nerve, the risk of perforation of the auditory canal as well as the possibility of temporary occlusal disturbances.

Arthroscopy↗

PubMed1987

Preventing adverse effects on the temporomandibular joint through orthodontic treatment.

The temporomandibular joint is one of the most complicated working assemblies in the human body. We are just now beginning to understand it and give it the respect and careful treatment it deserves as an integral functioning part of the dental anatomy. No orthodontic procedure can be performed in isolation without considering its possible effect on the temporomandibular joint. Therefore, the following recommendations are made for diagnosis and treatment planning. Etiologic factors that might cause upward and backward pressures on the mandible should be reduced as much as possible. Mechanotherapy that may cause upward and backward pressures on the condyles is not recommended. Final detailed correction of dental abnormalities should always consider optimal temporomandibular health and function. Retention procedures should be planned to provide a proper path of closure to minimize or prevent possible retrogressive posttreatment changes. It is the author's hope that the hypotheses and suggestions in on TMJ problems and on the preventive role of orthodontics in the patient's treatment.

Extraoral Traction Appliances↗

PubMed2000

[Temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMA) in children].

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is a degenerative disease that produces a limitation of mouth opening. In children, TMJ ankylosis usually presents with facial asymmetry, difficulty in feeding and rarely upper way obstruction. Ankylosis is commonly associated with trauma, infections, systemic and congenital diseases. Diagnosis must be clinical, being CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the most important methods to evaluate this disease. The treatment of TMJ ankylosis requires excision of the involved structures and reconstruction. We present our experience in treatment of the temporomandibular joint ankylosis. We have analysed the following parameters: age, sex, etiology, surgical technique, pre and postoperative oral opening.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular joint sounds--a longitudinal study.

Temporomandibular joint sounds are often recognized as a clinical sign of temporomandibular disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the occurrence and resolution of these sounds in patients before and after orthodontic treatment with full fixed appliances. From a pool of 324 patients who came to a university postgraduate orthodontic clinic specifically for treatment of a malocclusion, 160 were examined before and after orthodontic treatment. When joint sounds were either reported or detected clinically, the patients underwent an audiovisual examination to more precisely and objectively record the occurrence and timing of the sound during mandibular opening and closing. No statistically significant difference could be found in the change in occurrence of joint sounds among patients treated with extraction and nonextraction treatment strategies. Overall, fewer patients had joint sounds at the end of the active stage of orthodontic treatment than before treatment. Also, fewer patients demonstrated reciprocal clicking after treatment than before treatment. Therefore it appeared that orthodontic treatment did not pose an increased risk for developing temporomandibular joint sounds irrespective of whether extraction or nonextraction treatment strategies were used. A progression of signs or symptoms to more serious problems was not apparent over the time period studied.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Orthodontics and the temporomandibular joint: where are we now? Part 1. Orthodontic treatment and temporomandibular disorders.

Orthodontists are concerned about the possibility of a link between the treatment they provide and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The purpose of this article was to review the literature relating malocclusion and orthodontic treatment to problems of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and surrounding anatomy. In Part 1, the relationship of orthodontic treatment to TMD is discussed. In Part 2, the relationship of TMD to malocclusion will be addressed.

Humans↗

PubMed1985

Meniscectomy for damaged disks of the temporomandibular joint.

Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint are now known to be a common cause of pain in the joint area. Several specific surgical treatments for this disorder are advocated, but none is yet well established. Meniscectomy has been one of the more commonly done procedures. While published results of meniscectomy are encouraging, there are few details upon which to base opinions. In this study, meniscectomy was performed in 40 joints with seriously deformed disks. A detailed analysis of the results lends further support to the effectiveness of this form of treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Temporomandibular joint considerations in orthognathic surgery.

The relationship between the temporomandibular joint and developmental jaw deformities is both undeniable as well as controversial as to its magnitude or importance. This article addresses the importance of a complete temporomandibular joint and orthognathic diagnostic work-up prior to the choice of either temporomandibular joint or orthognathic surgery. The surgical procedure is determined by the internal derangement that is present as well as its response to non-surgical care. The intraoperative techniques for handling the bony fragments, seating the condyle and rigid fixation techniques are also of utmost importance and are discussed for each of the orthognathic procedures. The postoperative physiotherapy is also discussed both for the temporomandibular joint patient as well as the orthognathic patient.

Humans↗

PubMed1992

[Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint].

Synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint is a relatively rare disorder. The diagnosis is often difficult because of the untypical clinical symptoms and an absence of radiological abnormalities. On the basis of a case report, the clinico-pathological, roentgenological and surgical features are discussed. After adequate surgical exploration with synovectomy the patient became symptom-free.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Disk derangement and inflammatory changes in the posterior disk attachment of the temporomandibular joint. A histologic study.

Temporomandibular joint disk derangements were investigated in 42 patients (47 joints) with respect to occurrence and degree of histologic inflammation in the posterior disk attachment and compared with reference material obtained at autopsy. Sensitivity and specificity for arthroscopy versus macroscopic observation at arthrotomy in regard to inflammation were also investigated. On histologic examination, inflammation was found in 1 joint (5.5%) in the reference material and 30 joints (64%) in the patients where pronounced inflammation was found in 6 joints (20%). Arthroscopy revealed inflammation more accurately (sensitivity 0.94%, specificity 0.86%) than macroscopic observation at arthrotomy (sensitivity 0.58%; specificity 0.90%).

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR evaluation of the temporomandibular joint in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease is uncommon in children but frequently occurs in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). Involvement is often asymptomatic; however, it can lead to growth disturbances and facial deformity. Thirty TMJs in 15 children (11 girls and 4 boys aged 3.5-18 years) with JRA were evaluated clinically and by MRI. Plain films were reviewed when available. Magnetic resonance imaging parameters included T1-weighted and in some cases T2-weighted or gradient recall echo sequences. We assessed condylar configuration, glenoid fossa changes, presence of erosions, disk abnormality, range of motion, and presence of joint effusions or pannus. Abnormalities included cortical erosions (n = 19), disk thinning (n = 18), and perforation (n = 2). Reduction of joint movement (n = 20), joint locking (n = 3), and pannus/effusions (n = 5) were also found. Magnetic resonance imaging is a useful technique for the detection of TMJ involvement in JRA. Early detection and therapeutic intervention may lessen or prevent subsequent deformities.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[Ear symptoms accompanying temporomandibular joint diseases].

OBJECTIVES: We investigated symptoms of otologic diseases in patients with temporomandibular joint diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 44 patients (26 females, 18 males; mean age 36+/-10.7 years; range 21 to 58 years) with temporomandibular joint disease. A questionnaire was administered to the patients to inquire into otological symptoms accompanying temporomandibular joint disease. RESULTS: Temporomandibular joint disease was bilateral in 11 patients. Accompanying otological symptoms were as follows: click voice with jaw movements (n=21; 47.7%), headache (n=15; 34.1%), pain in the ear with jaw movements (n=14; 31.8%), tinnitus (n=8; 18.2%), fullness in the ear (n=6; 13.6%), vertigo or dizziness (n=6; 13.6%), and hearing loss (n=3; 6.8%). Pure-tone audiometry revealed sensorineural hearing loss in one patient, being 28 dB on the right and 30 dB on the left. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that otologic symptoms may accompany temporomandibular joint diseases, requiring that patients presenting with otologic symptoms must be investigated for temporomandibular joint diseases.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Microanatomy of the moose temporomandibular joint (Alces alces; Linnaeus, 1758).

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) histology was investigated in 8 female Scandinavian moose. 5 were 1-year-old with a carcass weight (cw) of 125-140 kg, and 3 were 2-years-old (160-175 kg cw). The condylar articular surface consisted of a connective tissue lining with parallel collagen fibres. Numerous blood vessels were observed adjacent to the joint chamber. Below the fibrous layer, a proliferative cellular zone of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells was situated. These cells differentiated into chondroblasts and hypertrophied chondrocytes. Further down, an endochondral ossification process was initiated. Vertically directed invaginations were observed. A similar cellular organization was identified in the temporal component. However, the undifferentiated mesenchymal cell layer was discontinuous. The disc showed dense collagen bundles without main alignment. Vessels were identified throughout the entire disc. The results indicate that the cellular organization of the moose TMJ is similar to the TMJ histology found in other mammals but differences do occur.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of temporomandibular joint dysfunction: a pictorial review.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction is a common condition that is best evaluated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The first step in MR imaging of the TMJ is to evaluate the articular disk, or meniscus, in terms of its morphologic features and its location relative to the condyle in both closed- and open-mouth positions. Disk location is of prime importance because the presence of a displaced disk is a critical sign of TMJ dysfunction. However, disk displacement is also frequently seen in asymptomatic volunteers, so that other findings may be required to help make the diagnosis. These findings include thickening of an attachment of the lateral pterygoid muscle, rupture of retrodiskal layers, and joint effusion and can serve as indirect early signs of TMJ dysfunction. It is important for the radiologist to detect early MR imaging signs of dysfunction, thereby avoiding the evolution of this condition to its final stage, an advanced and irreversible phase that is characterized by osteoarthritic changes such as condylar flattening or osteophytes. Further studies conducted with the latest MR imaging techniques will allow a better understanding of the sources of TMJ pain and of any discrepancy between imaging findings and patient symptoms.

Humans↗

PubMed1983

Internal derangements and arthritis of the temporomandibular joint.

Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) may be a significant factor in the etiology of painful dysfunction of the jaw and associated clinical symptoms. In a two-year prospective investigation, 170 TMJs in 85 patients were studied with plain tomography prior to arthrotomography. Arthritis was detected in 19 patients (22%), predominantly in the second to fourth decade of life, which correlated with internal derangements depicted by arthrotomography, operative findings, and histopathological examination of the condylar surface. The authors suggest that internal derangements related to meniscal dysfunction may be an important factor in the etiology of TMJ arthritis.

Adult↗