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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Breast carcinoma--revision of follow-up recommendations. 2: Special diagnostic value of bone scintigraphy, thoracic radiography, liver ultrasonic, mammography and laboratory tests].

In the past, recommendations for the follow-up of women who had undergone primary treatment for a local or locoregional breast cancer, were mostly concerned with "programmed" protocols in which the frequency of the follow-up appointments and the examinations to be performed on the respective occasions (e.g. bone scintigraphy, chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasound, mammography and laboratory investigations/tumor markers) were rigidly fixed. The usefulness of these technical procedures is examined critically on the basis of the extensive publications in the literature. With the exception of regular mammography, which is a useful means of detecting malignancies at an early stage, none of the other technical investigations is recommended in women free of symptoms after breast surgery. The reason for this is that they contribute in no way to an improvement in survival or quality of life. By discarding the use of these ineffective diagnostic procedures, considerable savings could be made in the health care sector without any associated loss in the quality of the care afforded the women affected.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1995

[Diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia in children: which is the role of thoracic radiography?].

Despite its frequency, pneumonia is often surprisingly difficult to diagnose in children and young adults. In particular, the etiologic agent of pneumonia is difficult to recognize in an early stage, which obviously implies an empirical or delayed treatment. Chest radiography is one of the most common procedures required when pneumonia is suspected. This retrospective study was carried out to investigate the capabilities of chest radiography to identify the specific patterns of mycoplasma pneumonia in children. The chest radiographs of 76 children and adolescents (aged 4.2 to 16.4 years) with a radiographic diagnosis of pneumonia were reviewed. All patients were tested twice for serum antimycoplasma antibodies. Thirty-eight subjects (50%) with markedly increased antimycoplasma antibody levels were diagnosed as having mycoplasma infection. In the remaining 38 patients, viral (22 patients, 29%), bacterial (13 patients, 17%) and mixed (3 patients, 4%) infections were diagnosed on the grounds of clinical and laboratory data. Parahilar peribronchial infiltrates were found to be associated with both viral and mycoplasma infections, whereas segmental or lobar consolidation was associated with bacterial, viral and mycoplasma infections. Reticulonodular infiltrates were a specific pattern of mycoplasma pneumonia. The authors conclude that, in the presence of a reticulonodular infiltrate in a lobe, mycoplasma pneumonia can be confidently diagnosed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Thoracic radiography and high resolution computerized tomography in the diagnosis of pulmonary disorders caused by amiodarone].

To assess the radiographic patterns of amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity, the chest films (32) and HRCT scans (16) were reviewed of 14 patients into amiodarone protocols for 3 months to 6.5 years (average: 40.5 months). All patients were symptomatic and presented with shortness of breath, a general malaise, a fever. The radiographic findings included: intersurface signs, defined as irregular interfaces between parenchyma, bronchi, vessels and visceral pleura, indicating interstitial abnormalities (HRCT: 8 = 50%); septal thickening (Kerley's lines) (chest film: 32 = 100%; HRCT: 6 = 37%); reticular opacities (chest film: 24 = 75%; HRCT: 6 = 37%); peribronchial cuffing (chest film: 2 = 6%; HRCT: 0); interstitial nodules (chest film: 12 = 37%; HRCT: 4 = 25%); alveolar nodules (chest film: 16 = 50%; HRCT: 12 = 75%); consolidations (chest film: 20 = 62%; HRCT: 12 = 75%); parenchymal masses (chest film: 2 = 6%; HRCT: 2 = 12%); fibrosis (chest film: 24 = 75%; HRCT: 16 = 100%); reduced lung volume (chest film: 14 = 43%; HRCT: 4 = 25%); pleural effusion and/or thickening (chest film: 4 = 12%; HRCT: 4 = 25%). The lesions were always localized in the lower lobes and often also in the upper lobes (chest film: 12 = 37%; HRCT: 14 = 87%); in the latter site the lesions were smaller. HRCT showed the peripheral site of the lesions. Amiodarone discontinuation and corticosteroids administration improved the radiographic patterns in 2 patients and attenuated the symptoms, with disappearance of alveolar nodules, in 11 patients. In contrast, clinical symptoms progressed and the radiographic pattern worsened in one patient. Both chest films (Kerley's lines, reticular, interstitial and alveolar opacities without cuffing and pleural effusion or clear fibrosis) and HRCT (fibrosis associated with alveolar opacities) showed sufficiently typical patterns of amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity, especially when associated with pleural thickening.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Case report of surgically treated dumbbell-type schwannoma arising in the right brachial plexus with von Recklinghausen disease].

We encountered a patient with dumbbell-type schwannoma arising in the right brachial plexus with von Recklinghausen disease. The patient was a 9-year-old girl. An abnormal shadow was detected high in the thoracic cavity by thoracic radiography. Thoracic CT and MRI demonstrated at the apex of the thoracic cavity a tumor measuring 9.0 x 6.0 cm, which was diagnosed as a dumbbell-type neurogenic tumor derived from the brachial plexus. Most cases of such tumors growing inside and outside the spinal cavity have reportedly been treated in a single surgical procedure. However, since the tumor in this patient was large, the intrathoracic portion was removed first in order to minimize the magnitude of the surgical invasion. The residual intraspinal tumor was removed during subsequent surgery. No neurological problems were observed after surgery. Patients with dumbbell-type schwannomas arising in the right brachial plexus appear to be very rare, and this patient was considered noteworthy.

Brachial Plexus↗
PubMed1989

[Digital radiography in thoracic diagnosis].

Technologies and performance of digital projection radiography are reviewed. Storage phosphor imaging plates can be used in existing diagnostic equipment and the resulting digital images permit the recognition of fine interstitial changes, if a high frequency edge enhancement is performed. While a generalized enhancement of low and medium spatial frequencies and a grey scale reversal do not improve the detectability of pulmonary nodules, selective enhancement of low frequencies in the mediastinal and retro-diaphragmatic areas may well improve diagnostic performance. Dose can be reduced if the resulting signal-to-noise ratio is adequate for diagnosis. Further dose savings can be achieved by the reduced number of retakes. Dual energy techniques improve the detectability and differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules. The further development of picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) will turn the digital projection radiography into the method of choice for the diagnosis of chest disease.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Diagnostic radiology and nuclear cardiology. Their use in assessment of equine cardiovascular disease.

Survey thoracic radiography, although limited by physical considerations in the adult horse, can supply clinically useful information about changes in cardiac size and function. The radiographic features of cardiomegaly, altered pulmonary circulation, pulmonary edema, and pleural effusion as manifested in the horse are discussed. Nuclear cardiology can be performed in the standing horse. The initial transit of a radioactive tracer through the central circulation provides information about cardiac chamber size, efficiency of ventricular contraction, valvular competence, and presence of intracardiac or extracardiac shunts. Computer analysis of similar studies allows quantitation of several useful cardiac parameters including ventricular ejection fraction and shunt size (QP/QS). Gated blood pool nuclear studies are better suited to evaluate cardiac response to stress but are difficult to perform in the conscious horse with standard imaging equipment.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Type-4 esophageal hiatal hernia in a Chinese Shar-pei dog.

Thoracic radiography of a 3-month-old, female Chinese Shar-pei revealed an esophageal hiatal hernia with stomach, liver, and small intestine displaced into the thorax. Three days after the surgical correction, the dog developed ileal intussusception and was reoperated. Recovery was uncomplicated and the dog was asymptomatic 16 months after surgery.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of two- vs. three-view thoracic radiographic studies on conspicuity of structured interstitial patterns in dogs.

Three-view thoracic radiography is often used to evaluate patients for pulmonary metastatic disease. Although use of three views has been reported to be more sensitive than two views for focal lung disease, it also requires increased time, effort, and radiographic exposure of patients and personnel. This study was performed to evaluate the conspicuity of lesions on two-view vs. three-view radiographic procedures to determine the proportion of diagnoses that would change. One hundred three-view radiographic studies of the canine thorax were randomized, and four protocols were reviewed for each study: right lateral and ventrodorsal views, left lateral and ventrodorsal views, both lateral views, and all three views. Radiographs were interpreted as either positive or negative for structured interstitial pulmonary disease, and the certainty of the reading was recorded using a visual analog scale. There was 85-88% agreement between each two-view group and the three-view group, with the kapp statistic ranging from 0.698 to 0.758. There were no differences in certainty of diagnosis among the groups, though within each group there was more certainty for positive diagnoses than negative diagnoses. These findings indicate that three-view studies should be continued when evaluating for possible structured interstitial pulmonary disease, including metastatic disease, as eliminating one view from a three-view study would change the diagnosis in 12-15% of patients.

Animals↗