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PubMedDate not supplied

A case of tinea barbae successfully treated with terbinafine.

Terbinafine was remarkably effective in tinea barbae due to Trichophyton rubrum on the cheek in front of the right ear in a 75-year-old man. This patient also showed tinea pedis and unguium, but these were due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes and were unrelated to the tinea in the cheek. This patient showed an atypical clinical picture slightly different from that during the initial visit, requiring histological differentiation from trichophytic granuloma.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dermatophytes and dermatophytoses in the Milan area between 1970 and 1989.

Between 1970 and 1989 we examined 13,019 patients with dermatophytoses in the Milan area, Northern Italy. The results obtained during the 1980-89 period were compared with those obtained in the years 1970-79. From the data collected, tinea corporis emerged as the most frequently observed dermatophytosis, followed by tinea pedis and unguium. As far as dermatophytes are concerned, the dermatological pattern is dominated by Microsporum canis and Trichophyton rubrum. Other species, such as Epidermophyton floccosum, T. mentagrophytes, M. gypseum, T. violaceum, T. verrucosum, T. tonsurans and T. schoenleinii, have progressively become less evident. Other mycetes, such as T. megninii, T. soudanense, M. langeroni, T. vanbreuseghemii, M. ferrugineum, sporadically isolated in the 1970-79 period, have disappeared in recent years. An analysis of the distribution and frequency of the dermatophytes according to the cutaneous area affected is reported.

Dermatomycoses↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tinea axillaris, a variant of intertriginous tinea, due to non-occupational infection with Trichophyton verrucosum.

The term tinea axillaris has been used only a few times in the literature. In this paper we describe a male patient with widespread tinea corporis and unguium affecting also both axillary regions. Trichophyton verrucosum was isolated as the causative agent. The patient admitted to no direct contact with infected animals, but had lived in a rural area until a year before the infection became widespread. Topical treatment with glucocorticosteroids probably promoted propagation over large parts of his body and may have led to the infection of the axillary region, an unusual site for fungal infection. Treatment with itraconazole over 4 weeks led to complete clearing of all lesions on glabrous skin. Thereafter, itraconazole pulse therapy was used to treat the nail infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections in the HIV-infected host.

In the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patient, skin infections caused by S aureus are extremely common. Impetigo, ecthyma, and folliculitis are all seen. Recurrences are common due to a nasal carriage rate of 50%. Dermatophytosis usually manifests as tinea pedis or unguium and is caused by Trichophyton rubrum. Oral candidiasis may be the initial evidence of HIV infection, and is predictive of more rapid progression to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Topical agents are usually effective for oral lesions, but involvement of the esophagus requires oral imidazole therapy. Systemic fungal infections are most commonly caused by cryptococcosis or histoplasmosis. The finding of either of these infectious agents in the skin is pathognomonic of disseminated infection. Cryptococcus presents as umbilicated papules resembling molluscum or as large ulcerations. Histoplasmosis has no specific cutaneous morphology. Scabies is very common in HIV-infected persons, and once the helper T-cell count is less than 200, it may present atypically. Permethrin is the recommended treatment in this setting.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton rubrum in northern Greece during the decade 1981-1990.

During the years 1981-1990 Trichophyton rubrum was the most frequent causative agent of dermatophytic infections in Northern Greece, especially in cases of tinea pedis, cruris, corporis, and unguium, as well as dermatophytosis of the hands. Between sexes there was a prevalence in women in tinea pedis and toenail infections. Men were particularly infected in the groin, the hands and the face. The chronic follicular dermatophytosis in the lower legs was also presented in women, but tinea corporis and fingernail infections showed no significant differences between the sexes. Also studied were the age of the patients, the inflammatory component of the lesions and the morphotypes of T. rubrum isolated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Treatment and prophylaxis of tinea infections.

Superficial fungal infections affect millions of people throughout the world. Among them, tinea represents cutaneous infections by dermatophytes. Therapeutic strategies depend upon the affected body site. Hence, clinicians distinguish several types of tinea including the corporis, faciei, cruris, pedis, manuum, capitis, barbae and unguium variants. There are several ways of tackling the tinea problem. Numerous topical and oral antifungals are available today. Topical antifungals remain the most commonly recommended treatment for many superficial dermatophytoses. Active compounds include imidazoles, morpholines and allylamines, with a few other miscellaneous drugs. The recent development of new generation oral agents (fluconazole, itraconazole, terbinafine) has enhanced the armamentarium against difficult-to-treat tineas. The antifungal efficacy and pharmacokinetic profiles of these drugs allow shorter durations of treatment and the innovative use of intermittent pulse regimens. The modern formulations fully meet the requirements of being well tolerated, involving little risk and acting specifically against relevant pathogens. However, the response rates to date do not always come up to the high expectations offered by in vitro studies.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed2005

Superficial mycoses due to Trichophyton violaceum in Athens, Greece: a 15-year retrospective study.

This is a retrospective study on the superficial mycoses due to Trichophyton violaceum in the greater Athens area for the last 15 years - 1989-2003. During this period 104 patients were found to have an infection due to T. violaceum- an incidence rate of 0.75% of all dermatophytosis. Of the patients 59 were Greeks, 15 Greek Gypsies and 30 immigrants mostly from Albania (50%). Of them 58 were children, 46 adults (mainly women, 34 cases). Trichophyton violaceum infection was presented with a variety of manifestations (127 cases). The prevailing was tinea capitis present in 85 patients - 57 children, 24 women and four men (women : men 6 : 1). Tinea capitis together with other forms of the infection was found in 14 patients. Tinea facie, corporis, manuum, barbae and unguium were seen in nineteen patients. The isolation rate of T. violaceum infection in the Greek population remained at a low level for three decades after the mid-1960s. However, a substantial increase in the isolation rate is observed in the mid-1990s attributed mainly to the influx of economic immigrants from countries where the infection is endemic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Prevalence of skin diseases among male adolescent and post-adolescent boarding school students in Turkey.

Skin disease is a common problem in boarding schools and may account for significant morbidity. To document the prevalence and patterns of skin diseases among male adolescent and post-adolescent boarding school residents, a cross-sectional epidemiologic survey was performed. A total of 682 students were examined for evidence of any skin disease, and subjects with skin disease(s) were also asked to fill in a questionnaire. Of the study population, 378 (55.42%) had at least one skin disease. The most prevalent diseases were tinea pedis (32.5%), acne vulgaris (28.6%), onychomycosis (8.06%), androgenetic alopecia (5.6%), common warts (5.3%), unguium incarnatus (4.1%), irritant hand dermatitis (3.6%), foot callosities (3.6%), and pitted keratolysis (2.6%). Of those with skin problem(s), 245 (65%) were not aware of their disease(s) and 45% of the remaining 133 subjects who were aware of their disease(s) had not sought medical help. We concluded that skin diseases, especially foot problems, are very common among male boarding school students. In additional to monitoring the epidemiology of skin diseases, intermittent medical education programs for both health-care workers and residents living in these communities would be useful for enhancing knowledge of available and effective treatments and implementing appropriate preventive measures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

A study of dermatophytoses in Hamadan, the governmentship of West Iran.

In order to determine the extent and causative agents of dermatophytoses in the Hamadan region of West Iran; a study was made during a 9-month period from October 1991 to June 1992. A total of 7495 individuals were studied of whom 681 (9%) were suspect of having cutaneous mycoses. Among them dermatophytoses were the commonest infections (259/681 = 38%). Of 259 individuals infected with dermatophytes, tinea capitis were observed in 163 (62.9%); t. corporis in 27 (10.4%); t. manuum and t. cruris in 19 (7.3%) each; t. barbae and faciei in 14 (5.4%); t. pedis in 13 (5%) and t. unguium in 4 (1.5%). A total of 144 patients yielded dermatophyte cultures. The frequency of the isolated species in decreasing order was as follows: Trichophyton verrucosum, 78 (54.1%); T. schoenleinii, 48 (33.3%); Microsporum canis, 8 (5.5%); Epidermophyton floccosum, 5 (3.5%); T. mentagrophytes and M. gypseum, 2 (1.4%) each; T. tonsurans, 1 (0.7%). In conclusion, the most prevalent dermatophytosis in this region was t. capitis with the infecting agent of T. schoenleinii.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Clinico-mycological profile of dermatophytosis in a reference centre for leprosy and dermatological diseases in Addis Ababa.

To assess the clinical and fungal species spectrum of dermatophyte infection in a reference centre in Addis Ababa, 539 dermatological patients with signs of dermatophytosis were investigated. Seventy-one percent were female and 29% male, aged 2-66 years (median 9). Four hundred-fifteen (77%) had at least one skin lesion. Tinea capitis was diagnosed in 138/155 males (89%) as compared to 214/384 females (40%) (p < 0.05). T. capitis was diagnosed in 69% of the 374 children. Fingernails were affected in 132/145 (91%) of onychomycosis, 118 (90%) of these patients were females and 14 males (p < 0.05). Tinea corporis was observed in 45, and other types of tinea in 12 patients. Thirty-six percent of all patients had also other skin lesions, mostly impetigo. Of 490 cultured samples 364 (74%) grew dermatophytes: Trichophyton violaceum in 84%, Trichophyton verrucosum in 9.6%, Trichophyton tonsurans in 1.4% and T. rubrum in 0.5%. Additionally, 15 isolates were identified as white variants of T. violaceum, in 3 cases confirmed by sequencing of the rDNA ITS 2 region. T. capitis in young males and T. unguium of fingernails in females were the most common manifestations of dermatophytosis in Addis Ababa, usually caused by T.violaceum.

Adolescent↗