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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[The nature of the changes in the indices of intracerebral blood circulation in flight personnel performing functional tests].

The state of intracerebral hemocirculation in the pilots during expert examinations to determine the tolerance for special exercise tests was studied. The cerebral circulation reactions were evaluated with the use of ultrasonic transcranial Doppler vasography. It is found that exercise tests depending on an intensity of exposure and directionality result in different degree of changes in the cerebral circulation parameters. In an effect of the flight-surgeon's appraisal the use of transcranial Doppler vasography during LBNP test to identify the persons susceptible to the syncopal states is advisable.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1993

[Comparison of various patterns of chopstick use and functional performance].

Three hundred and ninety-seven normal adult subjects were tested in order to investigate the prevalences of various patterns of chopstick-use. Manipulation speed was also compared. According to the movement of the fingers, finger positions and contact areas, we can divide the various chopstick-use patterns into 3 basic patterns with 13 variations. Prevalences of the 3 basic patterns were palmar prehension (68.5%), lateral prehension (14.2%), and dynamic palmar prehension (17.3%). There was a statistically significant difference in manipulation speed among the 3 basic patterns. The influence of sex and age on manipulation speed was also analyzed for each of the 3 basic chopstick-use patterns. The results of this study will serve as a reference for occupational therapists in the evaluation and training for eating activities.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Postural control in Parkinson's disease after unilateral posteroventral pallidotomy.

Postural control changes were studied in 27 patients with Parkinson's disease after unilateral posteroventral pallidotomy (PVP). Patients were evaluated before PVP and at 3, 6 and 12 months post-PVP, both 'off' and 'on' parkinsonian medications, with selected evaluation tools representing functional performance, functional balance and posturographic components of balance. The majority of variables in the 'off' state were significantly improved at 3 months post-PVP. Improvement was maintained at 6 months but had declined for some variables by the 12 month follow-up. Standing up from a chair (P = 0.009), the balance and gait sections of the Performance-Oriented Assessment (P < or = 0.0004), and the limits of stability (LOS) posturography variables (P < 0.0005) of the average time to reach a target, the number of targets missed and the initial excursion distance to the target (P = 0.029) retained significant improvement at the 12 month follow-up. When the patients were in the 'on' state, LOS posturography variables of average time to target, average path length deviation, and the number of targets missed were the only variables significantly improved at 3 months post-PVP (P = -0.013) and this improvement was maintained at 12 months post-PVP (P = 0.012-0.041). Unilateral PVP improves axial symptoms of Parkinson's disease involved in functional performance such as gait disturbance as well as improving postural stability in the 'off' state. Generally, the maximum improvement is seen at 3 months post-PVP with many variables remaining significantly improved at 12 months post-PVP. Axial dyskinesias in the 'on' state are also significantly reduced with the improvement maintained at 12 months post-PVP. These findings suggest that unilateral pallidotomy is not only effective in abolishing levodopa-induced dyskinesias, but that it also improves the axial signs of Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Nitrogen activation via three-coordinate molybdenum complexes: comparison of density functional theory performance with wave function based methods.

Obtaining an accurate theoretical model for the activation of dinitrogen by three-coordinate molybdenum amide complexes (e.g. Mo(NH2)3) is difficult due to the interaction of various high- and low-spin open-shell complexes along the reaction coordinate which must be treated with comparable levels of accuracy in order to obtain reasonable potential energy surfaces. Density functional theory with present-day functionals is a popular choice in this situation; however, the dinitrogen activation reaction energetics vary substantially with the choice of functional. An assessment of the reaction using specialized wave function based methods indicates that although current density functionals in general agree qualitatively on the mechanistic details of the reaction, a variety of high-level electron correlation methods (including CCSD(T), OD(T), CCSD(2), KS-CCSD(T), and spin-flip CCSD) provide a consistent but slightly different representation of the system.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Effects of immobilization on plantar-flexion torque, fatigue resistance, and functional ability following an ankle fracture.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The goal of this investigation was to study the recovery of ankle plantar-flexor peak torque, fatigue resistance, and functional ability (stair climbing, walking) following cast immobilization in patients with ankle fractures. SUBJECTS: The participants were 10 patients who underwent open reduction-internal fixation and 8 weeks of cast immobilization following a fracture of the ankle mortise and 10 age- and sex-matched, noninjured comparison subjects. METHODS: Plantar-flexor torque and fatigue resistance were measured at 1, 5, and 10 weeks of rehabilitation using an isokinetic dynamometer. Ankle plantar-flexor peak torque and fatigue resistance were correlated to timed ambulation, timed stair climbing, and unilateral heel-rises. RESULTS: Following immobilization, plantar-flexor peak torque was decreased at all angular speeds and positions. The decrease in peak torque was associated with an increase in fatigue resistance. With rehabilitation, ankle plantar-flexor torque and fatigue resistance normalized. Regression analysis revealed a strong relationship between plantar-flexor peak torque and functional measures. By 10 weeks post-immobilization, peak torque, fatigue resistance, and all measures of functional performance had returned to control levels. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: The decrease in muscle performance, functional ability, and fatigue resistance induced by 8 weeks of cast immobilization can be reversed with 10 weeks of supervised physical therapy. In addition, this study demonstrated that ankle-plantar flexor torque is a good predictor of stair-climbing and walking performance in patients with ankle fractures.

Adult↗