PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Association of Operating Room Nurses”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

An acupuncture-associated outbreak of hepatitis B in Jerusalem.

Two clusters of between five and eleven cases of hepatitis B associated with acupuncture treatment by a physician occurred in Jerusalem in late 1986. The origin of the outbreak is believed to have been an Ethiopian immigrant surgical patient, a known HBsAg carrier, who infected an operating room nurse during a surgical procedure. This is the first recorded instance of transmission of HBV from an Ethiopian immigrant to the local Israeli population. We reiterate the need for the enforcement of correct sterilization techniques in all skin-piercing settings, a step which in many countries will require the licensing of a variety of occupations not presently covered by health regulations.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Initial management of trauma by a trauma team: effect on timeliness of care in a teaching hospital.

The objective of this study was to determine if timeliness of care would improve after implementation of the team approach in trauma management in a single teaching hospital. To make this determination, we used a before-and-after retrospective cohort series for a 550-bed teaching and tertiary referral hospital that was not a level 1 trauma center. We included all patients who presented to the Emergency Department and who were admitted to St. Paul's Hospital because of trauma during 2 baseline months (May and November 1987; n = 111) and 2 follow-up months (May and November 1990; n = 142). In 1988, a formal trauma team was developed to coordinate the care of trauma patients who were seen in the Emergency Department. Indications for calling the trauma team were based on the criteria of the American College of Surgeons for triage to a trauma center. We calculated elapsed time from assessment in the Emergency Department to arrival of the trauma surgeon, discharge from the Emergency Department, and arrival of the patient in the operating room (for urgent or emergent surgery). We also determined the Revised Trauma Score, the Injury Severity Score (1985 version), the crude mortality ratio, and the Z statistic (population outcome comparison). After implementation of the trauma team, median elapsed time from initial nursing assessment in the Emergency Department to arrival in the operating Room for blunt trauma patients decreased from 11.33 to 4.82 hours (P = .05), but there were no significant differences in any other measures of timeliness, crude mortality, or adjusted mortality. We conclude that implementation of a trauma team in a teaching hospital is associated with a minimal effect on timeliness of care for admitted trauma patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Increased incidence of micronuclei assessed with the micronucleus assay and the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique in peripheral blood lymphocytes of nurses exposed to nitrous oxide.

It has been postulated that exposure to nitrous oxide and halogenated anaesthetics is associated with various adverse health effects such as neurological and reproductive abnormalities or impairment of hepatic functions. In spite of the quite well known genotoxic effects of exposure to nitrous oxide in vivo, the mechanisms of these effects are still not clear. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of micronuclei and to identify the type of chromosomal damage (clastogenic or aneugenic) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of operating-room nurses exposed to nitrous oxide. The study group comprised 46 women working at departments where the concentration of nitrous oxide ranged from 14 to 2308 mg/m3. The control population was composed of 28 women employed in the same hospitals but in non-surgical departments. The clastogenic/aneugenic effect of nitrous oxide was evaluated in lymphocytes using the standard micronucleus (MN) assay in combination with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique with pancentromeric probes. The results show a significant increase of the MN frequency in lymphocytes of exposed nurses compared with the control group (4.36+/-2.23 versus 9.02+/-4.67). The multiple regression analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship (p=0.0009) between MN frequency and exposure status, indicating that the level of exposure was the main factor affecting chromosomal damage. As assessed by FISH analysis, the overall frequencies of centromere-positive MN in the control and exposed groups were 43 and 49%, respectively. The increase observed in the exposed group may suggest a slight, statistically insignificant pro-aneugenic effect of exposure to nitrous oxide.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Factors associated with nosocomial SARS-CoV transmission among healthcare workers in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2003.

BACKGROUND: In March of 2003, an outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) occurred in Northern Vietnam. This outbreak began when a traveler arriving from Hong Kong sought medical care at a small hospital (Hospital A) in Hanoi, initiating a serious and substantial transmission event within the hospital, and subsequent limited spread within the community. METHODS: We surveyed Hospital A personnel for exposure to the index patient and for symptoms of disease during the outbreak. Additionally, serum specimens were collected and assayed for antibody to SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) antibody and job-specific attack rates were calculated. A nested case-control analysis was performed to assess risk factors for acquiring SARS-CoV infection. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-three of 193 (79.3%) clinical and non-clinical staff consented to participate. Excluding job categories with < 3 workers, the highest SARS attack rates occurred among nurses who worked in the outpatient and inpatient general wards (57.1, 47.4%, respectively). Nurses assigned to the operating room/intensive care unit, experienced the lowest attack rates (7.1%) among all clinical staff. Serologic evidence of SARS-CoV infection was detected in 4 individuals, including 2 non-clinical workers, who had not previously been identified as SARS cases; none reported having had fever or cough. Entering the index patient's room and having seen (viewed) the patient were the behaviors associated with highest risk for infection by univariate analysis (odds ratios 20.0, 14.0; 95% confidence intervals 4.1-97.1, 3.6-55.3, respectively). CONCLUSION: This study highlights job categories and activities associated with increased risk for SARS-CoV infection and demonstrates that a broad diversity of hospital workers may be vulnerable during an outbreak. These findings may help guide recommendations for the protection of vulnerable occupational groups and may have implications for other respiratory infections such as influenza.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Anesthetic techniques and positioning: implications for perioperative nurses.

Depending on the anesthetic technique used and the position in which the patient is placed, the perioperative nurse knowledgeable in the implications of each technique will positively impact patient safety and management. This involves a thorough understanding of the systems affected and associated risks. Whether general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, or monitored anesthesia care is provided, specific actions by the nurse facilitates teamwork.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1986

Development and organization of a multiple organ transplantation program.

Multiple organ transplantation has come of age. Indications are that it will continue to grow, if not flourish. The complexity of modern surgical care, its multiperson dependency, and the need for the surgeon to retain knowledge and involvement with his patient's care and problems are nowhere more evident than in multiple organ transplantation. Each organ presents its own associated challenges, the prime solution of which lies with a skillful and dedicated surgeon; but with all organs there are challenges of expectantly waiting patients, housing during the wait and for postoperative observation, procurement, erratic scheduling of the operating room, nursing, social service, immunosuppression, immunopathology, interest of hospital public relations and of the news media, and perennial care. This report concerns the growth and development of the multiple organ transplant program at the University Health Center of Pittsburgh and describes some answers to the challenges presented.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perceptions of nursing students on men entering nursing as a career.

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of nursing students who were enrolled in an under-graduate nursing programme in a rural university, on men entering nursing as a career. Questionnaires were returned by 38 males (63%) and 117 females (50%). The major findings were that male nursing students intend to work in specialty areas such as emergency nursing, operating room nursing and intensive care. Both male and female nursing students perceived that the public displayed an increasing respect and acceptance of male nurses. Differences between male and female nursing students were evident in demographic characteristics, course interests, career aspirations, motivating factors and barriers associated with males choosing a nursing career.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The financial management of laser therapy.

The development of a financially viable laser program within any health care organization requires detailed resource analysis and planning of each phase. After implementation, administration must constantly monitor all costs associated with care delivery, as well as the reimbursement for services and revenue generated.

Financial Management, Hospital↗
PubMed1998

Latex allergy in operating room nurses.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of allergy to natural rubber latex and potential crossreacting foods in operating room nurses. METHOD: Two hundred forty-seven operating room nurses completed a latex allergy questionnaire. They were questioned about symptoms of latex reactivity and about other allergies particularly to foods that may crossreact with latex. Informed consent was obtained and skin prick testing was performed with natural rubber latex and five latex extracts representing low (0.08 to 0.25 microgram/mL) and high (18 to 106 micrograms/mL) natural rubber latex protein gloves. Skin prick tests were done with four potentially crossreacting foods (banana, avocado, kiwi, and potato), saline, and histamine controls. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-five (54.7%) nurses described allergic symptoms they attributed to latex exposure. Of these 12 (4.9%) tested positive to latex extracts alone, 12 (4.9%) tested positive to food extracts alone, and 5 (2.0%) tested positive to both latex and crossreactive foods. Three of the 17 (17.6%) nurses testing positive to latex gave no history of reactivity to latex. Indirect latex ELISA was done on the serum of skin test-positive patients with a 70.6% sensitivity. CONCLUSION: Of the nurses tested, 6.9% had positive skin prick tests to latex extracts; 17.6% of these were asymptomatic and 29.4% had associated food positive skin prick tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Breast reconstruction using an innovative flap procedure.

Most patients consider breast reconstruction an essential part of total breast cancer management. In the wake of the silicone-gel implant controversy, more women are considering breast reconstruction using their own tissue. Since 1982, the transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap has become a well-established and popular method of reconstruction. For many women, TRAM flap reconstruction is the surgery of choice following mastectomy. It offers victims of breast cancer the potential for soft, natural-appearing breast mounds without the risks associated with other types of flaps or manufactured implants. A description of autogenous tissue grafting using the TRAM flap for breast reconstruction is provided with associated perioperative nursing care guidelines and potential complications.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Observational study of operating room times for knee and hip replacement surgery at nine U.S. community hospitals.

Knee (N = 185) and hip (N = 140) replacement cases were studied at nine community hospitals in the midwestern United States to determine whether certain management interventions could decrease case durations and reduce labor costs. Substantive (10 min) reductions in operating room (OR) time per case were not associated with: 1) increases in OR staffing, such as the addition of a surgical assistant; 2) complete elimination of all delays; or 3) increases in anesthesiologists' presence in the ORs. Substantive (10 min) increases in OR time per case were not associated with: 1) reductions in anesthesiologists' presence in the ORs or 2) changes in case scheduling to run fewer ORs, with some cases starting later in the day. Even if these factors had been associated with differences in OR time per case, any changes resulting from management interventions would still not have reduced labor costs. At these hospitals, OR nursing and anesthesia labor costs were fixed costs, because the OR workload averaged only 5.6 hr of cases per day.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗
PubMed2006

Medicare and Medicaid programs; fire safety requirements for certain health care facilities; amendment. Final rule.

This final rule adopts the substance of the April 15, 2004 tentative interim amendment (TIA) 00-1 (101), Alcohol Based Hand Rub Solutions, an amendment to the 2000 edition of the Life Safety Code, published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). This amendment allows certain health care facilities to place alcohol-based hand rub dispensers in egress corridors under specified conditions. This final rule also requires that nursing facilities at least install battery-operated single station smoke alarms in resident rooms and common areas if they are not fully sprinklered or they do not have system-based smoke detectors in those areas. Finally, this final rule confirms as final the provisions of the March 25, 2005 interim final rule with changes and responds to public comments on that rule.

Alcohols↗
PubMed1989

Bone banking in Canada: a review.

Transplantation of human tissues has become increasingly popular, and associated with this increase are reports of the transmission of diseases including acquired immune deficiency syndrome. To reduce the risk of transmitting disease through transplantation, careful scrutiny of current tissue transplantation procedures is necessary. Bone banking in Canada was evaluated by questionnaire, sent to the head operating room nurse of every Canadian hospital listed in the 1986 Canadian Medical Directory as having 100 or more beds. From this questionnaire, the authors identified 60 bone banks in Canada, many of which failed to meet recommended guidelines. The authors review the literature relating to bone banking procedures and present in detail the results of their survey.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Attitudes to teamwork and safety in the operating theatre.

BACKGROUND: A survey was undertaken to assess surgical team members' attitudes to safety and teamwork in the operating theatre. METHOD: The Operating Room Management Attitudes Questionnaire (ORMAQ) measures attitudes to leadership, teamwork, stress and fatigue and error. A version of the ORMAQ was distributed to surgical teams in 17 hospitals in Scotland. A total of 352 responses were analysed, 138 from consultant surgeons, 93 from trainee surgeons and 121 from theatre nurses. RESULTS: Respondents generally demonstrated positive attitudes to behaviours associated with effective teamwork and safety. Attitudes indicating a belief in personal invulnerability to stress and fatigue were evident in both nurses and surgeons. Consultant surgeons had more positive views on the quality of surgical leadership and communication in theatre than trainees and theatre nurses. While the ubiquity of human error was well recognised, attitudes to error management strategies (incident reporting, procedural compliance) suggest that they may not be fully functioning across hospitals. While theatre staff placed a clear priority on patient safety against other business objectives (e.g. waiting lists, cost cutting), not all of them felt that this was endorsed by their hospital management. CONCLUSIONS: Attitude surveys can provide useful diagnostic information relating to behaviour and safety in surgical units. Discrepancies were found between the views of consultants compared with trainees and nurses, in relation to leadership and teamwork. While attitudes to safety were generally positive, there were several areas where theatre staff did not seem to appreciate the impact of psychological factors on technical performance.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2000

Direct hospital costs for patients with inflammatory bowel disease in a Canadian tertiary care university hospital.

OBJECTIVE: We set out to determine the direct costs of hospitalizations of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis admitted to a university-affiliated tertiary care hospital and to contrast the costs of medical versus surgical inpatient care, Crohn's disease versus ulcerative colitis, and to identify dominant components of inpatient costs. METHODS: We used a patient-specific case costing system at Saint Boniface General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, for fiscal years 1994 and 1995. We extracted all inpatients whose hospital discharge abstracts included ICD-9-CM codes 555 (Crohn's disease) and 556 (ulcerative colitis) among the top eight discharge diagnoses, and performed a chart review on all cases to ensure that the hospitalization was for inflammatory bowel disease and the diagnoses were accurate. We analyzed cases based on their disease diagnosis, primary mode of therapy associated with the hospitalization (medical vs surgical), and their major diagnosis-related group (DRG). This study evaluated direct patient care costs only and costs are expressed in Canadian dollars. RESULTS: Of 362 hospital admissions, 325 were eligible and of these admissions 275 belonged to the digestive system DRGs. Seventy-one (37%) were admitted more than once during the 2 yr of the study, accounting for 202 (62%) of the total number of admissions. The mean cost per admission of all cases of Crohn's disease was $3,149 (95% confidence interval [CI], $2,665-$3,634) and for ulcerative colitis was $3,726 (95% CI $3,008-$4,445). Surgical therapy cases accounted for 49.8% of all admissions, 57.8% of all hospital days, and 60.5% of all costs. Patients treated surgically had more costly hospitalizations than those treated medically, particularly when analyzing only nontotal parenteral nutrition (TPN) cases. Surgical treatment admissions were significantly more costly for ulcerative colitis digestive DRG admissions than Crohn's disease. The nondigestive DRG admissions were more costly than the digestive DRGs in all categories although this was only statistically different among medically treated Crohn's disease. Patients treated medically were similarly costly whether they had Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. There was no significant difference in cost per admission among cases admitted multiple times, compared with those admitted only once. TPN cases accounted for 9.5% of cases but 27.1% of costs. TPN-associated hospitalizations were more costly than non-TPN-use hospitalizations but these costs were primarily driven by duration of stay rather than TPN use itself. For all cases, the top five cost categories in descending order were nursing unit bed-days, drugs and pharmacy, diagnostic lab tests, operating room, and diagnostic imaging and endoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Using our system we could determine direct costs for inpatients with inflammatory bowel disease and the factors that determined increased costs. Medical therapy admissions were similarly costly between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis; however, surgical therapy admissions were costlier among ulcerative colitis patients. Admissions for nondigestive DRGs were more costly than those for digestive DRGs. TPN use identified a sicker group of patients who remained in the hospital longer than nonusers and, not surprisingly, these were the costliest patients.

Adolescent↗