PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “CAROTID ARTERY THROMBOSIS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Bilateral aneurysm of the internal carotid artery and thrombosis of the jugular vein. Case report].

Extracranial carotid artery aneurysms is a very odd pathology which first sign usually is a neck mass. At present the arteriosclerosis is considered its main source and surgery is promoted as its regular treatment, but each case must be managed according the distinct peculiarities showed. This paper reports the clinic and radiological features of a woman diagnosed of bilateral carotid aneurysm with the addition of a thrombosis check afterwards of the left jugular vein. Because of the rarity of this case think justified the record. A bibliographical perusal of this singular entity accompanies the article.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

The role of vertebral and internal carotid artery disease in the pathogenesis of vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attacks.

Color-coded duplex sonography has improved the evaluation of the hemodynamics of the vertebral arteries (VA). A reliable differentiation between a normal vessel, hypoplasia, stenosis and occlusion of VA can now be made. We studied two groups of patients in a prospective study with isolated carotid artery disease (n = 48), and with a combination of carotid and vertebral artery disease (n = 14), to determine the role of VA in the pathogenesis of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) in the vertebrobasilar system. Apart from the existing arteriosclerotic changes of the internal carotid arteries, the condition of the VA was of importance for the occurrence of TIAs in the vertebrobasilar territory. We found that 8% of the patients with isolated hemodynamically relevant stenosis or occlusion of one or both internal carotid arteries had a TIA in the vertebrobasilar territory. Patients with combined carotid and vertebral artery disease had an increase of TIAs in the same region in 71%. The high rate of TIAs in this group might be attributed to the combined effect of carotid and vertebral artery disease, as a third group (n = 30) with isolated vertebral artery disease showed TIAs in only 13%.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed2002

Spontaneous thrombosis of a giant internal carotid aneurysm in a patient who presented with hypopituitarism.

This case report describes a 66-year-old woman who initially presented with features of hypopituitarism secondary to a giant intra-cavernous internal carotid aneurysm. She represented a year later with features suggestive of a subarachnoid haemorrhage, but repeat CT showed no change from the one performed previously. A repeat angiogram, however, showed complete spontaneous thrombosis of the aneurysm including the parent artery.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

In vivo efficacy of SM-20302, a GP IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist, correlates with ex vivo platelet inhibition in heparinized blood but not in citrated blood.

We tested the hypothesis that the in vivo antithrombotic efficacy of SM-20302, a GP IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist, correlates with the ex vivo platelet inhibition in heparinized platelet rich plasma (hPRP) but not in citrated PRP (cPRP). The studies were performed in a canine model of carotid artery thrombosis in which thrombus formation was induced by electrolytic injury. Thrombosis of the right carotid artery was induced immediately after the administration of saline (n=12). Thirty minutes after persistent occlusive thrombosis was obtained, the vessel segment was ligated, and the time to occlusion and thrombus weight were noted. Subsequently, thrombosis of the left carotid artery was initiated in the presence of SM-20302 (100, 300, 600, or 1000 microg/kg i.v.; n=4 to 6). All the doses of SM-20302 inhibited (by > or = 90%) the ex vivo platelet aggregation induced by ADP and arachidonic acid (AA) in cPRP. In hPRP, a dose-dependent inhibition of ex vivo platelet aggregation was observed. The maximal inhibition produced by 100 to 1000 microg/kg SM-20302 ranged from 18% to 80% for ADP and 44% to 88% for AA. Maximal prolongation of the template bleeding time induced by the 100-, 300-, 600-, and 1000-microg/kg doses were 2.5-, 9.5-, 10-, and > 10-fold, respectively. All the injured carotid arteries (n=12) in the saline-treated group occluded. SM-20302 pretreatment produced a dose-dependent maintenance of the carotid artery patency, and the incidence of occlusion at 4 hours was 5/6, 3/6, 0/6, and 0/6 for the 100-, 300-, 600-, and 1000-microg/kg doses, respectively. The results indicate that SM-20302 prevents carotid artery thrombosis in response to electrolytic arterial wall injury and that its in vivo antithrombotic efficacy can be correlated accurately with the ex vivo platelet inhibition in PRP prepared from heparinized blood but not from citrated blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Possibilities and limitations of surgical therapy of extracranial vascular occlusion causing stroke (author's transl)].

On account of feared postoperative deterioration of the neurological condition and the high mortality, the indication for surgical therapy of a stroke of extracranial origin is often questioned. The mortality rate lies between 6.5% and 42%. Compared with the spontaneous healing process of the apoplectic insult by means of conservative therapy this demonstrates on average a smaller early mortality with a simultaneous higher remission rate of the neurological findings of maximally 70% compared with 48%. 90% of the predominantly arteriosclerotic carotid occlusions occur in the bifurcation area. 40% of the cases undergo additional stenosis or occlusion of the remaining arteries of the brain. Because of the knowledge of the pathogenesis and the pathophysiology of brain oedema on the remaining arteries of the brain. Because of the knowledge of the pathogenesis and the pathophysiology of brain oedema on the one hand, and the periodic relationship of carotid occlusion and incipient thrombosis on the other hand, the 6-hour limit is considered of great significance for operational success. The condition of angiographically-visible intracerebral collateralization and the strict elimination of all patients with unconsciousness or paralysis set forth further important criteria which must be fulfilled before operative procedures are contemplated. The performance of cerebral panangiography gives additional information about stenosis or occlusion of the other arteries. Indications for operation of extracerebral carotid occlusion must be determined individually on the basis of the above-mentioned guidelines.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Vascular space-occupying lesions of the carotid artery--detection with color-coded Doppler sonography. Comparison with duplex sonography and angiography].

Nine patients with a cervical tumour, diagnosed by duplex Doppler sonography were additionally evaluated by colour-coded Doppler sonography (CCDS). The duplex Doppler diagnosis of three internal carotid artery aneurysm was confirmed by CCDS in only one patient. In the remaining two cases CCDS identified a marked coiling of the internal carotid artery. Three low echogenic lesions, interpreted as cervical lymphomas by conventional Doppler sonography were identified as two internal carotid aneurysm with partial thrombosis and a carotid body tumour in the third patient by CCDS. Duplex-Doppler sonography and CCDS agreed in the diagnosis of two AV-malformations and one carotid body tumour. Angiography confirmed the CCDS-diagnosis in 7 patients. In the two patients with coiling of the ICA angiographic evaluation was not performed. Thus, CCDS was superior to duplex Doppler sonography in the evaluation of vascular lesions of the extracranial section of the carotid artery and provided additional diagnostic information.

Aneurysm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental regional cerebral ischemia in the middle cerebral artery territory in primates. Part 1: Angio-anatomy and description of an experimental model with selective embolization of the internal carotid artery bifurcation.

Selective embolization of the internal carotid artery bifurcation (ICA bifurcation) was performed in monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to study acute regional cerebral ischemia in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory with minimum surgical intervention in the neck under sedated conditions. The anthropomorphic similarity in angio-anatomy of the carotid system of monkeys and the use of silastic spheres, as artificial emboli, of the critical diameter of 1.2 to 1.4 mm resulted in the overall success rate of 87% in localizing the site of embolization to the ICA bifurcation, producing ischemia in the whole middle cerebral artery territory. All the animals with ICA-bifurcation embolization had contralateral deep motor weakness and conjugate eye deviation with nystagmus toward the site of embolization. Simultaneous EEG recording showed flattening of the basic background activities over the affected MCA area and cerebral arteriograms showed definite retrograde filling of the proximally occluded MCA. Clinical recovery was observed in a few animals within two to five hours of embolization. Gross ischemic swelling in the affected MCA territory, particularly in the gray matter, became obvious in six of eight animals which were exposed to four to five hours of ischemia. The angio-anatomical study of the carotid system of this experimental animal as a background for this MCA stroke model confirmed the previous observations of other investigators that the extremely abundant leptomeningeal anastomoses would be one of the major factors leading to the variability in the clinicopathological pictures seen in the models of proximal MCA occlusion. In addition, the pre-parenchymal anastomoses in the base of brain between the medial striate arteries from the proximal anterior cerebral (ACA) and lateral lenticulostriate arteries from the MCA were observed and described as a possible functional collateral to the basal ganglia in case of proximal MCA occlusion.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Clinical and sonographic patterns of tandem internal carotid artery/middle cerebral artery occlusion in tissue plasminogen activator-treated patients.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) is predictive of thrombus presence but has limited ability to identify occlusion location in the anterior circulation. We describe clinical and sonographic patterns that are associated with tandem internal carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusions. METHODS: Consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients receiving intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) were studied. Pretreatment NIHSS scores and bedside transcranial Doppler (TCD) were obtained for all patients. RESULTS: A total of 95 patients treated with intravenous TPA at 132+/-60 minutes from stroke onset were studied. On TCD, 48 had isolated MCA occlusion (mean NIHSS 16.8+/-5.8, median 17, range 5 to 28); and 16 had tandem ICA/MCA occlusion (mean NIHSS 18.8+/-5.8, median 22, range 8 to 29; P=NS). In the MCA occlusion and tandem ICA/MCA occlusion groups, 19% and 11%, respectively, had NIHSS scores <12 points. Compared with the NIHSS scores in patients with hemiplegia, forced gaze deviation, and complete neglect, the lower NIHSS scores were attributable to partial arm and/or leg paresis, gaze preference, and partial neglect. In those patients, TCD showed > or =2 major collateral channels and low-resistance flow at the M1 origin, suggesting perfusion of perforating arteries. Although TCD cannot differentiate between high-grade ICA stenosis or occlusion, collateral flow patterns and stenotic signals at the terminal ICA differentiated tandem lesions from isolated MCA occlusion (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Tandem ICA/MCA occlusion was found on TCD in 17% of TPA-treated patients. NIHSS scores were similar in patients with isolated MCA and tandem occlusions. Lower NIHSS scores were seen in patients with a higher number of major collateral flow channels and higher Thrombolysis in Brain Ischemia (TIBI) flow grades at the MCA origin.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spontaneous thrombosis of a giant intracavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm and ipsilateral internal carotid artery occlusion.

A 75-year-old man who had suffered from right visual disturbance for 10 years suddenly experienced right cavernous sinus syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a giant thrombosed aneurysm in the right cavernous sinus extending to the right middle cranial fossa. Digital subtraction angiography disclosed occlusion of the right internal carotid artery at the petrous portion and good cross filling in the right-sided circulation through the anterior communicating artery. There was no filling of the aneurysm. In this case, the mechanism of parent artery occlusion is unclear, but direct compression and stretching of the parent artery by the aneurysm may be involved.

Aged↗