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[Value of amniotic gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase assay in the diagnosis of fetal digestive stenosis after 24 weeks of amenorrhea].

In 18 women compared with 1,181 controls, foetal digestive tract stenoses were discriminated, independently of the gestational age, by a more than 50 IU/l level of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the amniotic fluid. This test had a specificity of 99% and a sensitivity of 85% which was accounted for by the inclusion in the study of distal stenoses and oesophageal atresias, all conditions where the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level is normal. In cases with ultrasonically detected abdominal wall abnormalities, this test is also useful in the diagnosis of subjacent digestive tract stenosis.

Amniotic Fluid↗

Diabetic embryopathy: pathogenesis, prenatal diagnosis and prevention.

In spite of the overall improvement in the management of diabetic pregnancies, congenital anomalies among infants of diabetic mothers still remain two to three times higher than in the nondiabetic population. Approximately 40 per cent of all perinatal deaths among diabetic offspring are due to congenital malformations. This article reviews the subject and discusses current views on pathogenesis, based on human and experimental work, describes methods available for prenatal diagnosis, and suggests an approach to the possible prevention of these malformations.

Congenital Abnormalities↗

Gastroschisis.

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Abdominal Muscles↗

[Sirenomelus].

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Bone and Bones↗