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242 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

[The crop-producing power and chemical composition of the essential oil of the cones of hop cultivars].

The objective of this study was to determine harvest yield and essential oil composition of six hop cultivars ("Fredos derlingieji", "Alta", "Granit", "Marynka", "Dubskij zeleniak" and "Aromat polessja") cultivated in Lithuania. It was found that the highest crop can be obtained from early and middle harvest varieties, which mature during the first decade of September and the third decade of August. Late harvest cultivars are not suitable for cultivation, however they can be used for the development of new cultivars. Essential oils were isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The highest amount of essential oil was determined in Marynka cultivar (2.10 ml/100 g), the lowest one in Dubskij zeleniak 18 (0.46 ml/100 g). Totally, 62 compounds were identified in all cultivars. Myrcene, beta-caryophyllene, alpha-humulene and beta-farnesene (E) were major constituents in the essential oils. The differences in the content of other essential oil constituents were determined. Some cultivars were rich in esters and ketones.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed2004

Effects of lozenge containing lavender oil, extracts from hops, lemon balm and oat on electrical brain activity of volunteers.

Within a randomized double blind, placebo controlled trial the electrical activity of the human brain has been monitored using charge mode technology (Laplacian estimates) after exposure to a lozenge containing 4 different herbal preparations (lavender oil, extracts from hops, lemon balm and oat) or a matching placebo without any active ingredients. Sixteen healthy volunteers (8 males and 8 females) were tested within a crossover design. After baseline recording each subject sucked a lozenge and 2 hours later a second one. Recording was performed immediately after finishing the lozenge and in hourly intervals thereafter. Comparison to reference periods of 10 min eyes open and 5 min eyes closed, respectively, revealed increases in alpha 1, alpha 2 and beta 1 electrical power at the electrode positions Cz, P3, T3 and T5 which were even more pronounced after a second application two hours later. Since alpha 1 changes repeatedly have been attributed to attentional states, increases of this electrical activity must be seen as indicator of a relaxational psychophysiological state. Changes in the alpha2 frequencies have been related to working memory indicating that an increase can be seen as a correlate for attenuating this circuit. Increases of beta1 activity have been seen in the presence of anxiolytic drugs including major and minor tranquilizers. The changes as observed after the application of this herbal composition are therefore in line with the idea of having induced a state of relaxation and regeneration. This interpretation suggests that one could expect from the ingestion of this lozenge to better cope with psychological and emotional stress. The data are further proof that recording computer aided quantitative EEG is a very fruitful and promising approach in psychophysiology.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Selected parameters of immunological response in hop growers during the period of intensive application of pesticides.

The aim of the study was determination of selected parameters of immunological response among hop growers and farmers in conditions of intensive exposure to means of plant protection. Survey data was collected from 238 males aged 25-70 living in the area of Wilków near Puławy (Lublin Region). Control group were males from the area of Witoszyn (Lublin Region)--53 people aged 25-70 occupied mainly with land cultivation. Based on an environmental survey conducted among hop growers and farmers, the respondents were divided into 3 age groups: 25-40, 41-55 and 56-70. Laboratory tests covered the determination of selected morphological parameters, phagocytic test, NBT test, and myeloperoxidasis (MPO) concentration in blood serum of hop growers and farmers.A significant decrease was noted in the number of platelets in the general population of hop growers and in individual age groups, compared to the control groups of farmers. Analysis of individual sub-populations of leukocytes showed a significantly higher number statistically of basophils and lymphocytes among hop growers, compared to farmers. A detailed analysis of the degree of phagocytic and bactericidal activity of neutrophils allowed us to presume that during the period of spraying there occurred a mobilisation of the granulocytic system, manifested by the presence of over 90% of neutrophils of intensified phagocytic activity, and 20% of neutrophils of intensified bactericidal activity. The preparations prepared by the routine NBT test method were analysed with the use of LUCIA computer programme (version 4.51). The analysis of the level of MPO in blood serum in the populations examined showed the presence of statistically significant differences. In hop growers, the MPO level was significantly higher statistically (60.0 ng/ml), compared to the control group of farmers (43.4 ng/ml).

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Management of insomnia: a place for traditional herbal remedies.

(1) Insomnia should be treated first with non drug measures; this has traditionally involved the use of herbal remedies. (2) About 20 plants are approved in France in the production of medications 'traditionally used' for minor sleep disturbances. Virtually nothing is known of their efficacy or potential dangers. (3) Most of these plants are suspected of toxicity and should therefore be avoided, especially in view of their unproven efficacy. (4) Littleleaf linden, vervain, melissa and orange flower have no demonstrated efficacy but are safe and can therefore be used. Similarly, there are no scientific grounds for rejecting preparations based on hawthorn or passiflora. (5) Available data suggest that valerian extracts have a modest impact on subjective sleep quality; they are nevertheless more effective than a placebo. Valerian products that do not contain valepotriates have no apparent adverse effects. It is best to avoid high-titre alcoholic extracts and powdered valerian root, and to select aqueous extracts and low-titre hydro-alcoholic preparations.

Anemone↗
PubMed2006

Central action of a fixed Valerian-hops extract combination (Ze 91019) in freely moving rats.

Due to the electrochemical nature of the communication structure of the brain an intimate relationship between neurotransmitter activity on one side and field potentials (EEG) on the other side have been reported. From this it can be assumed that the electrical activity reflects the net effect of drug action. The influence of increasing doses of Ze 91019 on field potentials in chronically instrumented, freely moving rats was registered for 4 hours in order to test its action on the central nervous system. Doses of 200 mg and 250 mg valerian siccum extract (with additional 48 or 60 mg hop siccum extract) increased the spectral power in the delta, theta and alpha frequency bands of the frontal cortex suggestive of attenuated cholinergic transmission. Since adenosine administration into the basal forebrain also increases the low frequency activity in the frontal cortex it can be assumed that adenosine in the basal forebrain mediates these frequency changes by attenuating the frontal cholinergic system. Thus, Valerian and the fixed valerian hop extract combination Ze 91019 seems to cause this change of spectral power acting as an adenosine A1 receptor agonist. The results are therefore in line with the view that the fixed extract combination Ze 91019 works as an adenosine agonist via inhibition of cholinergic transmission leading to sedation and sleep.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1998

[Comparative study for assessing quality of life of patients with exogenous sleep disorders (temporary sleep onset and sleep interruption disorders) treated with a hops-valarian preparation and a benzodiazepine drug].

This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial in parallel group design demonstrated equivalent efficacy and tolerability of a hop-valerian preparation compared with a benzodiazepine preparation in patients suffering from sleep disorders according to DSM-IV criteria. Sleep quality, fitness and quality of life were determined by psychometric tests, psychopathologic scales and sleep-questionnaires at the beginning of the therapy, end of therapy (duration 2 weeks) and then 1 week after cessation of therapy. Patients' state of health (4-point scale) and medication tolerability (occurrence of adverse events) were documented. Using the following as parameters "Alphabetischer Durchstreichtest, Feinmotoriktest, Befindlichkeitsskala, Beschwerdeliste, Schlaffragebögen A and B" the differences between beginning and the end of the therapy were analyzed by simultaneous testing of the equality or superiority of the test preparation. The equivalence of both therapies according to sleep quality, fitness and quality of life was proven by a Mann-Whitney-Statistic of 0.50 with a lower boundary of the 95% confidence interval of 0.46. The patients' state of health improved during therapy while showing a deterioration after cessation with both preparations. Withdrawal symptoms, however, were documented with benzodiazepine. Only one adverse drug reaction was reported during this study, namely stomach complaints from both the test and reference medication. This study shows that the investigated hop-valerian preparation in the appropriate dose is a sensible alternative to benzodiazepine for the treatment of nonchronic and non-psychiatric sleep disorders.

Adult↗