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[Hypothesis of "immunological testing" of partners--systems of "friend and foe" recognition in historical prospect].

The hypothesis of "autoimmune testing" of mating partners assumes formation of individual system of perception on the basis of an immunologic principle, i.e. by lifetime selection of "direct" or "reverse casts" of own key antigens or signal molecules. Such system provides the coordinated change of signaling systems and system of their perception at formation of new adaptations that leads to automatic formation of reproductive isolation within the limited number of generations. Presence of the "friend-foe" recognition systems practically in all living organisms assumes formation of potential mating partners "autoimmune testing" mechanisms at the earliest evolution stages. In this article we analyze possible mechanisms of a "friend and foe" discrimination with MHC-proteins and their homologues in historical prospect--from bacteria to the lower Chordates.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[The quantitative immunochemical determination of specific antibodies against Candida albicans within the scope of immunological testing in the malignant melanoma (author's transl)].

Precipitating antibodies against a polysaccharide antigen from Candida albicans were in the human serum determined quantitatively by the aid of a reversed radial immunodiffusion technique. The gel, therewith, contained the antigens, whilst into the gel's punching holes the serum specimens and the calibrated standards were filled in. Amplifying examinations of the course in patients suffering from malignant melanoma, the findings of the methods used hitherto were compared within the scope of an immunological status (in vivo-skin testing by dinitrochlorobenzene, Candida antigen, trichophytin, and tuberculin, precipitation test after Ouchterlony, immunofluorescence-optical evidence of Candida antibodies as well as determination of the Candida antibodies. In contrast to the hitherto available qualitative or semi-quantitative methods evidencing humoral antibodies, we consider the feasibility of simply workable quantitative determinations of antibodies to be an enrichment of the scale of methods. The reversed Mancini technique, simultaneously, is appropriate to determine specific antibodies against other diagnostically relevant antigens, so far as precipitating antigen/antibody complexes are formed. Therewith, commercially available testing kits could favour the standardization.

Antibodies, Fungal↗
PubMed1975

Lp (a) blood types. Comparison of immunological testing with results of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

The results of serum beta-lipoproteins typing of 100 random human sera for Lp (a) antigen by the standard immunological method were compared with those of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis which may detect an Lp (a) band migrating more slowly than the bulk of LDL. This band was found in all the 33 Lp (a+) but also in 9 of the 67 Lp (a-) sera examined.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1985

Immunological tests and the diagnosis of dementia in elderly women.

Serum immunoglobulins and circulating antinuclear antibodies were assayed in 91 elderly female in-patients with dementia. Clinical criteria were used to distinguish a group with multi-infarct dementia from those with senile dementia of Alzheimer type and the results were compared with those of 19 age-matched controls. Dementia patients aged 85 and over had a higher prevalence of antinuclear antibodies (P less than 0.05) and those aged 90-95 had higher levels of IgA than younger age groups (P less than 0.025). IgG levels were higher than controls in the 'multi-infarct' group (P less than 0.025).

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Identification of 46 yeasts from a clinical source: morphological criteria, biochemical and immunological tests].

From clinical specimens (urine, pharyngeal and vaginal exudates, sputum and skin) 46 yeasts have been identified. The cultures have been divided into 3 groups, according to their morphological characters: unicellular, yeasts having hyphae, pseudohyphae, blastospores and yeasts producing also arthrospores. Tests for fermentation and assimilation of carbohydrates have been employed for S.cerevisiae, T.cutaneum and T.glabrata. By the agglutination tests with monospecific antisera, 40 strains of Candida spp. and T.glabrata are identified; this method was able to differentiate 2 C.stellatoidea from C.albicans group B and 4 C.tropicalis from C.albicans group A. The immunologic method proved highly valuable and practical.

Agglutination Tests↗