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PubMed1998

Developing curriculum in nursing informatics in Europe.

The NIGHTINGALE Project (NIGHTINGALE Project: HC1109 DGXIII Contract and Technical Annex, European Commission, December 1995) which started on the 1st of January, 1996, after the approval of the European Commission, has a 36 month duration. It is essential in planning and implementing a strategy in training the nursing profession in using and applying healthcare information systems. NIGHTINGALE contributes towards the appropriate use of the developed telematics infrastructure across Europe by educating and training nurses in a harmonious way across Europe in the upcoming field of nursing informatics. NIGHTINGALE develops courseware material based on the curriculum development process using multimedia technologies. Computer based training software packages in nursing informatics will be the basis of the training material and the corresponding courses. CD-ROM based training and reference material will also be provided in the courses whereas the traditional booklets, teaching material and textbooks can also play an adequate role in training. NIGHTINGALE will disseminate all information and courseware material freely to all interested parties through the publications of the proceedings of the conferences, through the establishment of the world wide web (WWW) server in nursing informatics for Europe (http://www.dn.uoa.gr/nightingale), which will become a depository of nursing information knowledge across Europe as well as a dissemination node of nursing informatics throughout the European members states for the benefit and welfare of the European citizen.

CD-ROM↗

PubMed2000

Medical informatics and the concept of disease.

This paper attempts to address the general question whether information technologies, as applied in the area of medicine and health care, have or are likely to change fundamental concepts regarding disease and health. After a short excursion into the domain of medical informatics I provide a brief overview of some of the current theories of what a disease is from a more philosophical perspective, i.e. the "value free" and "value laden" view of disease. Next, I consider at some length, whether health care informatics is currently modifying fundamental concepts of disease. To this question I will answer largely in the negative, and I will provide the sketch of some arguments from current research programs in medical informatics why I think this is the case. This argumentation is supported by a detailed account of how the disease profile for beriberi heart disease, used in one of the major medical informatics diagnostic programs, QMR (and its ancestor INTERNIST-1), was developed, and why at least this program essentially follows received views of traditional medicine. The one main exception to the conformity of this program to "received" views of a disease occurs when the program's designers need to fine-tune a disease definition. This fine-tuning is to comport with the expert's perspective on the disease, including his or her epistemic values, as well as the program's other resources for diagnosing components of a disease.

Beriberi↗

PubMed2001

Nursing informatics: yesterday, today and tomorrow.

Today, at the beginning of the 21st century, nursing informatics has become a part of our professional activities. Informatics has advanced the field of nursing by bridging the gap from nursing as an art to nursing as a science. This article discusses the major milestones that have influenced the growth of computer technology and the specific efforts that have influenced yesterday's creation of the nursing informatics movement. It also provides an overview of nursing informatics in today's health care industry, while highlighting the administrative, management, research and educational applications and initiatives. In addition, it provides an overview of Saba's Home Health Care Classification, a nursing language system that has influenced the field. Finally, it provides a prediction of how computer technology will impact the nursing profession in the 21st century.

Computer Literacy↗

PubMed2001

Health informatics and oncology nursing.

OBJECTIVES: To provide an overview of the essential role of health and nursing informatics in meeting the 21st century call to provide state-of-the-art oncology care. DATA SOURCES: Published articles, research studies, and documents relating to informatics. CONCLUSIONS: Health and nursing informatics encompass the pivotal roles of data and information; identifying and documenting essential data using nursing vocabularies; ensuring adequate computer-based patient record systems; accessing and building knowledge; using telecommunications to support care delivery; empowering the consumer through health informatics; transforming education; and enhancing decision making in oncology nursing through national research agendas. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The information age calls us to explore digital and information technologies as extensions of human capacity. Oncology nursing practice is especially positioned to contribute to the health of our population.

Forecasting↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cultivating informatics competencies in a community of practice.

To move the healthcare industry into the 21st century, nurses must become savvy in the use of informatics to provide optimal care to their patients. However, the relatively few formal nursing informatics programs that exist across the country are simply not adequate to meet the demands of both new and existing nurses. Informatics competencies must be incorporated into nursing curricula at entry-level and via staff development to provide a ready workforce. Creative faculty development strategies that capitalize on the concept of faculty as a community of practice are required to incorporate informatics competencies into nursing curricula.

Computer Literacy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing informatics needs assessment. Are distance programs needed?

Nursing informatics is a small but growing specialty area in nursing. The authors describe the results of a needs assessment designed to determine interest in a distance-based master's degree and certificate program in nursing informatics. Information was also collected on computer and Internet proficiency for a large sample of BSN graduates. Results suggest that there is an interest in informatics, although somewhat less than was found previously. Respondents indicated that a knowledge of nursing informatics could provide additional career opportunities and that there was a general lack of programs available.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Nursing informatics, outcomes, and quality improvement.

Nursing informatics actively supports nursing by providing standard language systems, databases, decision support, readily accessible research results, and technology assessments. Through normalized datasets spanning an entire enterprise or other large demographic, nursing informatics tools support improvement of healthcare by answering questions about patient outcomes and quality improvement on an enterprise scale, and by providing documentation for business process definition, business process engineering, and strategic planning. Nursing informatics tools provide a way for advanced practice nurses to examine their practice and the effect of their actions on patient outcomes. Analysis of patient outcomes may lead to initiatives for quality improvement. Supported by nursing informatics tools, successful advance practice nurses leverage their quality improvement initiatives against the enterprise strategic plan to gain leadership support and resources.

Communication Barriers↗

PubMed2001

A national agenda for public health informatics.

The American Medical Informatics Association 2001 Spring Congress brought together the public health and informatics communities to develop a national agenda for public health informatics. Discussions on funding and governance; architecture and infrastructure; standards and vocabulary; research, evaluation, and best practices; privacy, confidentiality, and security; and training and workforce resulted in 74 recommendations with two key themes: (1) all stakeholders need to be engaged in coordinated activities related to public health information architecture, standards, confidentiality, best practices, and research and (2) informatics training is needed throughout the public health workforce. Implementation of this consensus agenda will help promote progress in the application of information technology to improve public health.

Congresses as Topic↗

PubMed1996

Toward a model for nursing informatics.

PURPOSE: To propose a new model for the development of nursing informatics based on historical precedent. SIGNIFICANCE: Nursing informatics is expanding rapidly. The proposed model aids in understanding the areas of research, relating them to each other, and it shows areas where work is missing or should be extended. ORGANIZING FRAMEWORK: Nursing informatics as the interaction of cognitive science, computer science, and information science resting on a base of nursing science. IMPLICATIONS: As this model is tested, it can act as an organizing framework to understand and relate studies of nursing informatics and give organization for future research, education, and development.

Computer Communication Networks↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antecedents of the people and organizational aspects of medical informatics: review of the literature.

People and organizational issues are critical in both implementing medical informatics systems and in dealing with the altered organizations that new systems often create. The people and organizational issues area--like medical informatics itself--is a blend of many disciplines. The academic disciplines of psychology, sociology, social psychology, social anthropology, organizational behavior and organizational development, management, and cognitive sciences are rich with research with significant potential to ease the introduction and on-going use of information technology in today's complex health systems. These academic areas contribute research data and core information for better understanding of such issues as the importance of and processes for creating future direction; managing a complex change process; effective strategies for involving individuals and groups in the informatics effort; and effectively managing the altered organization. This article reviews the behavioral and business referent disciplines that can potentially contribute to improved implementations and on-going management of change in the medical informatics arena.

Attitude to Computers↗

PubMedDate not supplied

(Bio) medical informatics in the next decade.

Even though medical informatics is most often viewed from the perspective of its host disciplines in clinical and biologic medicine, it has an identity and agenda of its own. This paper is an attempt to promote discussion about the long-term role and agenda for medical informatics as a discipline into the next decade. The discussion has two main lines of argument, one about the "engineering" goals of informatics and the other about the "basic research" goals. These are, of course, influenced by ongoing of developments in computing, communications, and software infrastructures, but informatics is now mature enough that many of its goals transcend these changes.

Forecasting↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Medical informatics education: the University of Utah experience.

The University of Utah has been educating health professionals in medical informatics since 1964. Over the 35 years since the program's inception, 272 graduate students have studied in the department. Most students have been male (80 percent) and have come from the United States (75 percent). Students entering the program have had diverse educational backgrounds, most commonly in medicine, engineering, computer science, or biology (59 percent of all informatics students). A total of 209 graduate degrees have been awarded, with an overall graduation rate of 87 percent since the program's start. Alumni are located in the United States (91 percent) and abroad (9 percent); half (51 percent) have remained in Utah. Former students are employed in a wide variety of jobs, primarily concerned with the application of medical informatics in sizable health care delivery organizations. Trends toward increasing managerial responsibility for medical informatics graduates and the emergence of the chief information officer role are noted.

Education, Professional↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Toward an informatics research agenda: key people and organizational issues.

As we have advanced in medical informatics and created many impressive innovations, we also have learned that technologic developments are not sufficient to bring the value of computer and information technologies to health care systems. This paper proposes a model for improving how we develop and deploy information technology. The authors focus on trends in people, organizational, and social issues (POI/OSI), which are becoming more complex as both health care institutions and information technologies are changing rapidly. They outline key issues and suggest high-priority research areas. One dimension of the model concerns different organizational levels at which informatics applications are used. The other dimension draws on social science disciplines for their approaches to studying implications of POI/OSI in informatics. By drawing on a wide variety of research approaches and asking questions based in social science disciplines, the authors propose a research agenda for high-priority issues, so that the challenges they see ahead for informatics may be met better.

Delivery of Health Care↗

PubMed2000

Is telemedicine a subset of medical informatics?

Informatics has a key characteristic of a new discipline in a technically transient environment--there is no universal definition of it. This is not surprising, given its complex and diverse nature. In a broad sense informatics is the interface between developing technologies and the decision sciences, in particular clinical sciences. Telemedicine has no universally accepted definition either. Telemedicine requires the use of electronic communication networks for the transmission of information and data related to the diagnosis and treatment of, as well as education about, medical conditions. The debate ensues over whether it is or is not a subset of medical informatics. The care of the elderly diploma programme is a telemedicine project within the department of family medicine at the University of Alberta; it is a distance learning programme directed towards educating and training physicians in rural Alberta. This project provided us with the practical experience of addressing both informatics and telemedicine issues jointly.

Aged↗

PubMed2007

Overview of informatics for high content screening.

With the growing use of high content screening (HCS) and analysis in drug discovery and systems biology, informatics has come to the forefront as a critical technology to effectively utilize the massive volumes of high content data and images being generated. Informatics technologies are required to transform HCS data and images into useful information and then into knowledge to drive decision making in an efficient and cost effective manner. In this chapter, we provide an overview of informatics tools and technologies for HCS, discuss some of the challenges of harnessing the huge and growing volumes of HCS data, and provide insight to help toward implementing or selecting, and utilizing a high content informatics solution to meet your organization's needs.

Computers↗

PubMed1992

On the essential integration of nursing and informatics.

This paper asserts that nursing knowledge is fundamentally inseparable from the strategies and structures that represent it. Nursing informatics comprises a new disciplinary focus that results from a blend of nursing and informatics. The technologies of informatics, communications, computer science, decision science, human information processing, and knowledge engineering, provide critical care nurses with the support necessary for contemporary nursing practice. Informatics technologies enable nurses to communicate, process knowledge in new and more efficient ways, and better understand the nature of nursing thinking.

Humans↗

PubMed1991

An academic department of health informatics: a vision for the 21st century.

The purpose of this article is to share the vision of an academic health science center in creating a centralized academic and service Department of Health Informatics. To do this, we will present background on the institution, a brief discussion of informatics (including medical and health informatics), and then look in-depth at the Department of Health Informatics, including its mission, goals, organizational structure and operations.

Computer User Training↗

PubMed1997

Integrating medical informatics into the medical undergraduate curriculum.

The advent of healthcare reform and the rapid application of new technologies have resulted in a paradigm shift in medical practice. Integrating medical Informatics into the full spectrum of medical education is a viral step toward implementing this new instructional model, a step required for the understanding and practice of modern medicine. We have developed an informatics curriculum, a new educational paradigm, and an intranet-based teaching module which are designed to enhance adult-learning principles, life-long self education, and evidence-based critical thinking. Thirty two, fourth year medical students have participated in a one month, full time, independent study focused on but not limited to four topics: mastering the windows-based environment, understanding hospital based information management systems, developing competence in using the internet/intranet and world wide web/HTML, and experiencing distance communication and TeleVideo networks. Each student has completed a clinically relevant independent study project utilizing technology mastered during the course. This initial curriculum offering was developed in conjunction with faculty from the College of Medicine, College of Engineering, College of Education, College of Business, College of Public Health. Florida Center of Instructional Technology, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa General Hospital, GTE, Westshore Walk-in Clinic (paperless office), and the Florida Engineering Education Delivery System. Our second step toward the distributive integration process was the introduction of Medical Informatics to first, second and third year medical students. To date, these efforts have focused on undergraduate medical education. Our next step is to offer workshops in Informatics to college of medicine faculty, to residents in post graduate training programs (GME), and ultimately as a method of distance learning in continuing medical education (CME).

Computer Communication Networks↗