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Results for “Infusions, Intravenous”

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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Acute thrombocytopenia after intravenous infusion of radiographic contrast medium.

Acute thrombocytopenia due to intravenous infusion of radiographic contrast media is extremely rare. We report the first such case in Japan. A 52-year-old male was admitted to hospital because of right ureteral stone. Two hours after drip infusion pyelography, the patient experienced chills and fever. It was shown that his platelet count had decreased abruptly from 233,000 to 8000/mm3. Platelet associated immunoglobulin was not detected. An in vitro test for platelet aggregation by contrast media was negative. Following infusion of hydrocortisone, the platelet count recovered to a normal level within several days.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1986

Intravenous infusion of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in management of limb ischemia.

Twenty-three patients who had advanced arteriosclerotic disease of the lower extremities as manifested by rest pain, nonhealing ischemic ulcers, or impending gangrene and who were not candidates for direct arterial revascularization procedure underwent intravenous infusion of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). Thirty-nine per cent of the patients showed subjective and/or objective improvement in the blood supply, and in 22 per cent (5 patients) amputation was avoided. Complications were minor and disappeared once the infusion was discontinued. PGE1 in prescribed dosages can be safely infused intravenously. Even though the results are not as encouraging as when PGE1 is given by the intra-arterial route, IV therapy improves the ischemic symptoms and avoids the necessity of amputation in some patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Intravenous infusion of liposomal benzoporphyrin derivative for photodynamic therapy of experimental choroidal neovascularization.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy to close experimental choroidal neovascularization using an intravenous infusion of liposomal benzoporphyrin derivative (verteporfin) with previous work using a rapid intravenous injection, before initiating clinical trials. METHODS: Choroidal neovascularization was induced in cynomolgus monkey eyes using argon laser. Liposomal benzoporphyrin derivative was delivered by an intravenous infusion pump for 10 or 32 minutes at a dose of 0.375 mg/kg. Irradiation was performed with 689- or 692-nm laser light (600-mW/cm2 irradiance and 150-J/cm2 fluence) in 7 normal eyes and 11 eyes with choroidal neovascularization between 30 and 105 minutes after the start of dye infusion. Findings were documented by fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and light and electron microscopy. RESULTS: Irradiation within 32 to 50 minutes of the start of the fast (10 minutes) or slow (32 minutes) dye infusion resulted in closure of choroidal neovascularization. In normal eyes, this technique caused choriocapillaris closure and retinal pigment epithelium damage with minimal damage to surrounding tissues. CONCLUSION: Photodynamic therapy using intravenous infusion of liposomal benzoporphyrin derivative selectively closed experimental choroidal neovascularization. This may be a suitable modality for clinical use.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Unintentional intravenous infusion of Golytely in a 4-year-old girl.

OBJECTIVE: To report an accidental intravenous infusion of Golytely (polyethylene glycol and electrolyte solution; PEG-ELS) in a pediatric patient that did not result in systemic toxicity. CASE SUMMARY: A 4-year-old Hispanic girl presented to the emergency department after ingestion of approximately 24 tablets of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) 2 hours earlier. She vomited twice after receiving syrup of ipecac at home. Upon arrival, her vital signs were temperature 36.2 degrees C, heart rate 102 beats/min, respiratory rate 42 breaths/min, and blood pressure 115/67 mm Hg. Her physical examination was normal. The patient received activated charcoal 1 g/kg. Golytely administered through a nasogastric tube was ordered. Upon reevaluation, it was noted that the patient had received 391 mL of Golytely intravenously. The infusion was immediately stopped. There was no evidence of acidosis, renal failure, or ethylene glycol toxicity. She was admitted for observation and was discharged 36 hours later. DISCUSSION: As of April 29, 2004, accidental intravenous infusion of PEG-ELS has not been previously reported. Potential toxicity from Golytely is mainly related to the molecular weight of PEG in the formulation. PEG can theoretically be degraded to ethylene glycol. It is thus important to monitor acid-base status, renal function, and pulmonary function in these patients. CONCLUSIONS: When administered correctly, an infusion of PEG-ELS by nasogastric tube is a safe gastrointestinal decontamination technique used in toxicology; PEG-ELS is not indicated for intravenous administration. Protocols need to be implemented in the workplace to minimize errors in the delivery of treatment to patients. Fortunately, this patient did not have any toxicity from the intravenous infusion of Golytely.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1975

Nationwide epidemic of septicemia caused by contaminated infusion products. IV. Growth of microbial pathogens in fluids for intravenous infusions.

Septicemia caused by contaminated infusion fluid is a newly appreciated hazard of intravenous infusion therapy. Microorganisms of the tribe Klebsielleae (Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Serratia) have predominated in these infections. Members of this tribe found to possess a selecive ability over common non-Klebsielleae microbial pathogens to proliferate rapidly in commerical parential fluids contaning clucose at room temperautre. Fifty-one Klebsielleae strains, washed twice before inoculation of approximately 1 organism/ml, attained a mean normalized 24 hr concentration of 1.11 x 10-5 organisms/ml in 5% dextrose in water at 25 C. In contrast, 48 of 49 non-Klebsielleae bacterial strains (clinical isolates of Staphylococcus, Proteus, Escherichia coli, Herelea, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) slowly died (mean 24-hr concentration, 0.2 organism/ml). Five Candida albicans strains frew only very slowly (31.3 organisms/ml). Even with concentrations exceeding 10-6 organisms/ml, microbial presence was never visibly detectable. The significant increases in cases of nosocomial spticmia caused by Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Serratia in recent years might be attribuatble in part to fluid-related spesis accompanying the expanding use of parenteral therapy.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1993

[NO-synthase inhibition induces a resistant pressor reaction during the 10-minute intravenous infusion of angiotensin-2 to narcotized rats].

With intact NO-synthase, the 10-minute intravenous infusion of angiotensin-2 evoked the escape phenomenon from its pressor action. The intravenous infusion of the same dose of angiotensin-2 with the NO-synthase blocker (NG-monomethyl-arginine) led to a stable pressor response, i.e. no escape phenomenon was observed. L-arginine restored the escape phenomenon from the pressor action of angiotensin-2 almost completely. The findings show that normal functioning of the endothelium relaxing factor (nitric oxide) generation system is significant for reduction of angiotensin-2 pressure action.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed2002

[Comparative studies of platinum concentrations in the neck tissues of rats between intraarterial and intravenous infusion of CDDP].

We studied the comparative pharmacokinetics of platinum between intraarterial and intravenous CDDP infusion in male rats. Platinum concentrations in cervical tissues, serum, and tongue tissues were measured by a single intraarterial infusion or an intravenous infusion at a CDDP dose of 10 mg/kg. Intraarterial infusion was conducted through the left common carotid artery and intravenous infusion through the left external cervical vein. Tissues and blood samples were collected from bilateral sides every 30 minute for 120 minutes after completion of CDDP infusion. Platinum levels in serum showed no significant difference between the 2 routes. Platinum levels in tongue tissue showed a significant difference between the 2 routes favoring of intraarterial administration 30 minutes after infusion. Platinum levels in left cervical tissue following intraarterial administration peaked 90 minutes after infusion, significantly higher than that in right cervical tissue or that following intravenous administration. These findings suggest that CDDP transfers from target organs to neck tissues of the dosage side via the lymphatic duct, and that intraarterial infusion chemotherapy is effective at the target organ and at cervical lymph nodes or cervical tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of prolonged intravenous infusion of gludopa in humans and a preliminary study of its oral bioavailability.

Intravenous infusion of gamma-glutamyl-L-dopa (25 micrograms/kg/min) for 10 h in normal humans caused a natriuresis of 46.5 mmol of sodium without an increase in plasma renin activity and was associated with small but significant falls in blood pressure. In a second study the oral bioavailability of gludopa was estimated in normal subjects and found to be low (less than 2%). The increase in urine dopamine excretion and the natriuretic effect of gludopa were much larger after intravenous infusion than oral dosing.

Absorption↗
PubMed1993

Effect of intravenous infusion of ranitidine on intragastric acidity in fasting subjects: comparison with bolus or Gastrojet (pH-stat-adjusted) infusion.

This study was undertaken in nine fasting healthy volunteers to compare the effect of intravenous continuous infusion versus bolus injection of ranitidine on 12-h intragastric pH, and to compare the efficacy of these two modes of administration of pH-stat-adjusted infusion of ranitidine using the Gastrojet. Each volunteer had three study sessions with 12-h pH measurements. In the ranitidine infusion treatment arm (RAN-INF), ranitidine was continually infused intravenously using an IVAC-pump at a dose of 0.125 mg mg.kg over a 12-h period. In the ranitidine bolus treatment arm (RAN-BOL), ranitidine bolus 50 mg was given over 10 min, every 6 h. When ranitidine infusion was given by the pH stat method using the Gastrojet (RAN-JET), sufficient ranitidine was given to maintain a present value of pH > or = 5. The study was analysed with a 3 x 3 Latin square cross-over design with multiple measurements of each phase of the cross-over. No difference was found between RAN-INF and RAN-BOL in 12-h or in daytime (10.00-18.00 h) mean pH, median pH, or percentage of pH > or = 5. Using RAN-JET, 89.5% of the pH values were > or = 5., compared with 39.7% and 40.0% with RAN-INF or RAN-BOL. RAN-JET also gave higher (P < 0.05) mean and median 12-h or daytime pH values, as compared with RAN-INF or RAN-BOL. The mean doses of ranitidine given in the 12-h infusion periods were 100 mg, 109 mg and 112 mg (RAN-BOL, RAN-INF and RAN-JET, respectively). Thus, this superior inhibition of acid inhibition achieved with Gastrojet does not require higher mean doses of ranitidine. These findings cannot necessarily be applied to persons with duodenal ulcer disease or to patients in an intensive-care unit setting. However, the data do raise the possibility that much greater inhibition of acid inhibition can be achieved by individualizing the dose of ranitidine using the Gastrojet.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Homing of intravenously infused embryonic stem cell-derived cells to injured hearts after myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVE: The present study was designed to test whether intravenously infused embryonic stem cell-derived cells could translocate to injured myocardium after myocardial infarction and improve cardiac function. METHODS: Cultured embryonic stem cell-derived cells were transfected with green fluorescent protein. Embryonic stem cell-derived cells were administered through the tail vein (approximately 10(7) cells in 1 mL of medium for each rat) every other day for 6 days in 45 rats after myocardial infarction. Six weeks after myocardial infarction and cell infusion, cardiac function, blood flow, and the numeric density of arterioles were measured to test the benefits of cell therapy. An in vitro Transwell assay was performed to evaluate the embryonic stem cell migration. RESULTS: Ventricular function, regional blood flow, and arteriole density were significantly increased in rats receiving intravenously infused embryonic stem cell-derived cells compared with control rats after myocardial infarction. Histologic analysis demonstrated that infused embryonic stem cell-derived cells formed green fluorescent protein-positive grafts in infarcted myocardium. Additionally, positive immunostaining for cardiac troponin I was found in hearts after myocardial infarction receiving embryonic stem cell-derived cell infusion that corresponded to the green fluorescent protein-positive staining. The Transwell migration assay indicated that cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes with overexpression of tumor necrosis factor alpha induced greater migration of embryonic stem cells compared with cardiomyocytes without tumor necrosis factor alpha expression. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that intravenously infused embryonic stem cell-derived cells homed to the infarcted heart, improved cardiac function, and enhanced regional blood flow at 6 weeks after myocardial infarction. The in vitro migration assay suggested that such a homing mechanism could be associated with locally released cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, that are upregulated in the setting of acute myocardial infarction and heart failure.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone after intravenous infusion and intramuscular injection.

The pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone were evaluated in eight adults after doses of 1 g administered by intravenous infusion and 1 and 0.5 g administered by intramuscular injection. Mean peak plasma concentrations were 168 micrograms/ml for 1 g given intravenously, 81 micrograms/ml for 1 g given intramuscularly, and 46 micrograms/ml for 0.5 g intramuscularly. Plasma concentrations were similar by both high pressure liquid chromatographic and microbiologic methods. The plasma half-lives were 7.6 and 8.3 hours, respectively, for the intravenous infusion and intramuscular injection. Plasma concentrations were equal for the 1 g intravenous and intramuscular routes by 2.5 hours. Plasma concentrations exceeded the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of most aerobic gram-positive and gram-negative organisms with the exception of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species for 24 hours. Urinary concentrations exceeded 100 micrograms/ml for 24 hours for the 1-g doses and for 12 hours for the 0.5-g dose. Urinary recovery of ceftriaxone within 24 hours was 40 percent for intravenous infusion and 33 and 34 percent for the intramuscular injection. A single 1-g dose daily will exceed the MICs of most staphylococcal and streptococcal species and Enterobacteriaceae for 12 to 24 hours.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate on the survival of peripheral intravenous infusions: a double-blind prospective clinical study.

Phlebitis is the commonest complication of intravenous infusion. It has been suggested that it is initiated by venoconstriction at the infusion site, hence treatment with a vasodilator may reduce its incidence. We carried out a prospective double-blind controlled study of the effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate on the survival of peripheral intravenous infusions in 340 patients. Fifty-five per cent (94 out of 170) of the infusions failed in the control group compared with 19 per cent (33 out of 170) in the treatment group (chi 2 = 45, P less than 0.0005). The commonest cause of infusion failure was superficial phlebitis: 47 per cent in the control group and 17 per cent in the treatment group (chi 2 = 46, P less than 0.0005). The estimated median time of infusion survival was 74 h in the control group compared with 127 h in the treatment group (log rank chi 2 = 143, P less than 0.0001). We conclude that infusion phlebitis is a common problem in hospitalized patients and its incidence can be effectively reduced by transdermal glyceryl trinitrate.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2000

Transdermal nitroglycerin for the prevention of intravenous infusion failure due to phlebitis and extravasation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical use of transdermal nitroglycerin for the prevention of intravenous infusion failures due to phlebitis or extravasation. DATA SOURCES: Clinical literature was accessed through a MEDLINE search (1966-May 2000). Key search terms included nitroglycerin, transdermal, phlebitis, extravasation, intravenous, and infusion. DATA SYNTHESIS: Common and serious consequences of intravenous therapy include the occurrence of postinfusion phlebitis and failure to maintain intravenous therapy due to intravenous fluid extravasation. Transdermal application of nitroglycerin has been evaluated as a treatment and preventive method for intravenous infusion failures related to phlebitis or extravasation. An evaluation of studies focusing on transdermal nitroglycerin in the prevention of infusion failures due to phlebitis or extravasation was conducted. CONCLUSIONS: Use of transdermal nitroglycerin as a prophylactic measure for intravenous infusion failures is a therapeutic option for patients requiring long-term intravenous therapy (i.e., > 50 h).

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1982

Effect of intravenous infusion of hypertonic glucose solutions on pancreatic HCO3(-) secretion.

To examine why intravenous infusion of hypertonic non-electrolyte solutions inhibit pancreatic HCO3(-) secretion, the relationship between pancreatic HCO3(-) secretion and plasma pH was examined before and following intravenous infusion of hypertonic glucose to 5 anesthetized, secretin infused (2.7 C.U./kg b.wt.h-1) pigs. Hyperglycemia (plasma glucose 103 +/- 6 mmol/l) did not significantly change plasma pH, Na+, K+, Cl- and HCO3(-) concentrations. Hyperglycemia reduced pancreatic water flux by 48 +/- 5% and raised pancreatic juice HCO3(-) concentration by 43 +/- 4 mmol/l. Concurrently, HCO3(-) secretion fell by 34 +/- 5%. Acidosis, produced through intravenous HCl infusion and CO2 addition to inspired air, reduced HCO3(-) secretion by 40 +/- 6 mumol/min and 30 +/- 5 mumol/min per 0.1 pH unit reduction in plasma pH before and during hyperglycemia, respectively, and abolished HCO3(-) secretion at an estimated plasma pH of 6.51 +/- 0.06 before and a pH of 6.63 +/- 0.05 during hyperglycemia. We conclude that hypertonic glucose infusions inhibit pancreatic water flux and cause an increase in pancreatic juice HCO3(-) concentration which may inhibit HCO3(-) secretion through an effect on acid-base balance in secretory cells.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of intermittent and continuous intravenous infusion of famotidine on gastric acidity in patients with peptic ulcers.

The effects of intermittent or continuous intravenous infusion of a daily dose of 40 mg of famotidine on the intragastric pH over a 24-hour period were studied in five patients with gastric ulcers and five with duodenal ulcers. Gastric pH was measured continuously using a pH meter. Famotidine was administered at 12-hour intervals for intermittent infusion or was given by continuous infusion. The mean cumulative percentage of pH readings at 6 to 7 or above with continuous infusion was significantly higher than with intermittent infusion in both gastric and duodenal ulcer patients. Thus, the continuous intravenous infusion of a daily dose of 40 mg of famotidine appears to be more useful for the preservation of a high gastric pH in gastric and duodenal ulcer patients than the intermittent infusion of the same daily dose of famotidine.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Intravenous infusion of diltiazem causes uricosuria with concomitant hypouricemia in rats.

The effects of the continuous intravenous infusion of diltiazem on plasma urate levels and the urinary excretion of urate were examined in urethane anesthetized oxonate-loaded rats. The intravenous infusion of diltiazem (4 or 10 mu g/rat/min) caused a gradual decrease in blood pressure, a gradual increase in renal blood flow and a transient increase in glomerular filtration rate. This infusion also caused diuresis, natriuresis, uricosuria and definite hypouricemia. Our results show that diltiazem infused i.v. has uricosuric and hypouricemic effects.

Animals↗