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PubMed1950

Alacrimia congenita.

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Eye Diseases, Hereditary↗
PubMed1975

Quantitative lacrimal scintillography. II. Lacrimal pathology.

Quantitative lacrimal scintillography is a useful clinical procedure in assessing lacrimal drainage function in patients with epiphora. Examples are presented of patients with canalicular disease, lid abnormalities, 'functional blocks', and dysthroid disease, in which this technique was valuable. Information regarding the dynamics of a functioning and non-functioning dacryocystorhinostomy is elucidated with quantitative scintillography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Dacryolith formation around an eyelash retained in the lacrimal sac.

A dacryolith was discovered in the lacrimal sac during a dacryocystorhinostomy for chronic dacryocystitis in which there was mucocele formation. Morphological examination confirmed the presence of an eyelash at the centre of the stone and electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of fungi (Candida sp.) in a matrix which was of markedly vairable morphology. The mechanism by which a hair enters the punctum and passes along the canaliculus may be attributed to the step-like pattern of ridges on the surface of a hair. The directional nature of these ridges dictates preferential movement towards the root end of the hair and prevents movements in the opposite direction.

Calculi↗
PubMed1983

Lacrimal scintigraphy. II. Its role in the diagnosis of epiphora.

Lacrimal scintigraphy (LS) was performed in 860 lacrimal drainage systems (LDS) in 188 patients with bilateral epiphora and 226 patients with unilateral epiphora. A very high incidence of canalicular obstruction was found in these patients, the incidence being higher in the group with unilateral epiphora. It is suggested that a canalicular block is a commoner cause of obstructive epiphora than has been recognised previously and that LS is a reliable method of studying the canalicular function. A significant number (42%) of the opposite asymptomatic eyes of patients with unilateral epiphora were found to have an abnormality in the LDS, which supports the view that abnormalities in the LDS tend to be bilateral. Only 25% of these asymptomatic systems showed a normal drainage, confirming that physiological obstruction can exist below the lacrimal sac in normal lacrimal drainage systems.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Canalicular cystocele.

We report a rare case of acquired canalicular cystocele in a patient with obstructions at both the proximal and distal ends of the inferior canaliculus. Histopathologic examination revealed a dilated tubule lined with nonkeratinizing squamous epithelium that measured 19 mm long and 7 mm wide. No mucous secreting goblet cells were observed in any sections. The fibrotic, thickened wall was infiltrated with epithelioid, lymphoid, and occasional plasma cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The role of dacryocystography in the management of patients with epiphora.

A retrospective study has been carried out on 114 patients who have undergone dacryocystography (DCG) for epiphora, to assess the role of DCG in their management. It was found that 16/66 (24%) patients who were offered surgery after DCG refused it or were assessed as unfit for surgery, demonstrating the need for careful counselling and assessment of patients prior to investigation. The presence of lacrimal system obstruction on DCG was an important factor in determining whether a patient underwent lacrimal surgery. However, the actual level of the obstruction influenced neither the likelihood of a patient undergoing lacrimal surgery nor the form of lacrimal surgery undertaken. This suggests that, unless the surgical approach will be modified in the light of the anatomical information furnished by DCG, DCG is not necessary. Lacrimal scintigraphy would provide sufficient information for the practical management of epiphora. Syringing of the lacrimal system correlates poorly with DCG in detecting obstruction.

Dacryocystorhinostomy↗