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PubMed1988

Sherlock Holmes and anaesthesia.

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's first Sherlock Holmes adventure, A Study in Scarlet, was published 100 years ago. Between 1887 and 1927 he wrote 56 short stories and four novels about his fictional detective. Episodes in the adventures which relate to anaesthetic drugs are described. Use of the drugs was criminal in the case of chloroform, opium, and curare; therapeutic in the case of morphine; and recreational when Holmes himself used cocaine.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed2002

[The phenomen of sudden graying of the hair in the poem "Die Füsse im Feuer" by Conrad Ferdinand Meyer].

In his poem "Die Füsse im Feuer" Conrad Ferdinand Meyer (1825-1898) describes in detail the phenomenon of sudden graying of the hair. The protagonist is a Huguenot nobleman who hosts the man who has tortured to death his wife some years ago without killing him despite ample opportunities. Sudden whitening of the hair has been used as literary stylistic means with the aim to demonstrate extreme psychological stress to the world, without confirmation of its occurrence in each case.

Famous Persons↗
PubMed2006

Autopathography and depression: describing the 'despair beyond despair'.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, emphasizes diagnosis and statistically significant commonalities in mental disorders. As stated in the Introduction, "[i]t must be admitted that no definition adequately specifies precise boundaries for the concept of 'mental disorder' " (DSM-IV, 1994, xxi). Further, "[t]he clinician using DSM-IV should ... consider that individuals sharing a diagnosis are likely to be heterogeneous, even in regard to the defining features of the diagnosis, and that boundary cases will be difficult to diagnose in any but a probabilistic fashion" (DSM-IV, 1994, xxii). This article proposes that it may be helpful for clinicians to study narratives of illness which emphasize this heterogeneity over statistically significant symptoms. This paper examines the recorded experiences of unusually articulate sufferers of the disorder classified as Major Depression. Although sharing a diagnosis, Hemingway, Fitzgerald, and Styron demonstrated different understandings of their illness and its symptoms and experienced different resolutions, which may have had something to do with the differing meanings they made of it. I have proposed a word, autopathography, to describe a type of literature in which the author's illness is the primary lens through which the narrative is filtered. This word is an augmentation of an existing word, pathography, which The Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition, defines as "a) [t]he, or a, description of a disease," and "b) [t]he, or a, study of the life and character of an individual or community as influenced by a disease." The second definition is the one that I find relevant and which I feel may be helpful to clinicians in broadening their understanding of the patient's experience.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2006

Toni Morrison's Beloved: a journey through the pain of grief.

This paper elucidates the structure of Toni Morrison's novel, Beloved, using the framework of human emotions in response to grieving and death as developed by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross. Through her studies of terminally ill patients, Kubler-Ross identified five stages when approaching death: denial and isolation, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. These stages accurately fill the process that the character Sethe experiences in the novel as she learns to accept her daughter's death.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

Anton P. Chekhov, MD (1860-1904): dual medical and literary careers.

This is a story of a physician who was one of the world's greatest short story writers. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov successfully performed dual careers of writing and practicing medicine during a short but productive life. Many biographers overlook Dr Chekhov's role, although his medical training and practice flowed over into his writing, influencing both his subject matter and his style. His stories and plays reveal the insights that Dr Chekhov discovered about the human psyche at work, thus delving into psychosomatic medicine nearly 50 years before its time. Despite orders to stop practicing medicine because of his own deteriorating health, Chekhov devoted himself further to the study of medicine, publishing a landmark study in social medicine that advocated reform of the Russian penal system. Meanwhile, his fictional works earned him the coveted Pushkin prize for the best literary work of the year in 1888. Shortly after celebrating his third wedding anniversary to actress Olga Knipper, Anton Chekhov died at age 44, victim of a nearly lifelong battle with tuberculosis.

Famous Persons↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Krook's dyslexia.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dyslexia↗
PubMed1984

Medicalization and secularization in selected English Canadian fiction.

This paper presents an analysis of the role of medical and religious values in Canadian society during the past two centuries as described in Canadian book-length fiction. It has been argued that medical institutions are increasingly becoming powerful social control agencies. More and more of human behavior is seen as having a medical explanation, cause or cure. At the same time, religious institutions are believed to be diminishing in their social control abilities. Normality and abnormality tend now to be defined as medical conditions. What was once seen as sin may now be considered illness; and what once was grace or holiness, now may be viewed as health. An empirical examination of this theoretically conceived and seldom empirically examined trend is documented.

Attitude to Death↗
PubMed1994

Christ as a pharmacist: medical symbols in German devotion.

The author reports on two German publications [1,2] about the metaphoric use of medicines in Christian devotional literature and art in German society (16th to 19th century). Christ is depicted as a pharmacist dispensing 'medicines' which contain Christian virtues and symbols.

Christianity↗