Influence of urea and molasses on nutrient digestibility of high roughage rations by steers.
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L-tryptophan is produced at the AMINO GmbH (Frellstedt, FRG) via biocatalytical condensation of the amino acid L-serine with indole. As a biocatalyst, tryptophan synthetase is used which is produced in high activities by a natural mutant Escherichia coli strain. The enzyme mechanism and specificity and the individual process-parameters for the biotransformation procedure are explained as well as the purification process of educts and products. This includes a detailed description of the quality control of educts, intermediates and final product. The active ingredient L-tryptophan is subsequently used by AMINO's subsidiary company esparma GmbH to produce and distribute the pharmaceutical Lyphan. The quality management system and the production procedure for Lyphan are described and discussed.
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A field-scale 4-celled, horizontal subsurface constructed wetland (CW) was installed to evaluate removal efficiencies of wastewater constituents in an industrial distillery effluent. Total and dissolved solids, NH4-N, TKN, P and COD were measured. This CW design provides four serial cells with synthetic liners and a river gravel base. The first two unplanted cells provide preliminary treatment. Specific gravel depths and ensuing biofilm growth provides anaerobic treatment in Cell 1 and anaerobic treatment in Cell 2. Cell 3 was planted with Typha latifolia with an inserted layer of brick rubble (for phosphorus removal). Locally grown reed, Phragmites karka was planted in Cell 4. COD was reduced from 8420 mg/l 3000 from Cell 1 to the outlet of Cell 4. Likewise other parameters: total and dissolved solids, ammonium and total nitrogen, and total P, indicated declining trends at the 4-celled CW effluent. This study reveals how high strength distillery wastewater strongly impacts morphology, aeration anatomy in the chiseled plant tissues, reed growth; and composition of the biofilm in the specialized substratum. The reliability of a CW for organic and nutrients reduction, in association with a poorly performing conventional system is discussed. There is an immense potential for appropriately designed constructed wetlands to improve high strength wastewaters in India.
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