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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Biochemical and morphological characterization of primary kidney cell cultures from beige mutant mice.

Primary kidney cultures from adult beige-J (bgJ/bgJ) mice were selected for epithelial cell growth using D-valine medium. After 2 weeks of attachment and proliferation in vitro, the cells form a confluent or nearly confluent monolayer that retains several phenotypic characteristics of the beige-J mutant. These include large, multilamellar inclusion bodies that are apparently dysmorphic lysosomes, and higher concentrations of neutral glycosphingolipids and dolichols than control cells. beta-Glucuronidase activity, used as a lysosomal enzyme marker, is not elevated in beige-J-cultured kidney cells compared with controls, as it is in the intact kidney. The high levels of beta-glucuronidase activity in both control and mutant cells may mask expression of this difference in vitro. The action of the beige-J mutation in kidney cells is thought to be due to a block in exocytosis that results in the accumulation of abnormal lysosomes and their components. The maintenance of the beige phenotype in vitro indicates that the mutation is not suppressed in primary kidney cell cultures. The expression of the beige phenotype in vitro should be useful for studies concerning the primary lesion of this mutation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Histochemical and morphological characterization of migrating mast cells in the bovine gallbladder epithelium.

This paper reports the existence of granulated cells in the bovine gallbladder epithelium. The histochemical studies performed on these cells showed that their cytoplasmic granules contain heparin. Optical- and electron microscopic observations demonstrated that these mast cells migrated from the adjacent connective tissue, and crossed the basal membrane in order to enter the epithelium and reach the luminal surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A note on the histochemical and morphological characterization of the asbestoid degeneration of cartilage.

Using only one histologic preparation and under the light microscope, the simple Picrosirius-polarization method permitted the histochemical characterization of the collagenous nature of amianthoid fibers in file cases of salivary gland tumors. In this regard the foregoing results agree with the electron microscopic and X-ray diffraction observations recorded in the literature. Not only did the Picrosirius-polarization method permit the precise characterization of the collagenous nature of asbestoid change but it was also useful for studying the degree of collagen polymerization in the lesion. Collagen molecules in the amianthoid fibers showed hyperpolymerization whereas the molecules in the compact areas were disoriented. Since the foregoing results demonstrate that the Picrosirius-polarization method is a simple and sensitive procedure for detecting asbestoid change in cartilage sections obtained from paraffin-embedded tissues, the usefulness of this technique for studying file cases is evident.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Morphological characterization of cholinergic neurons in the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca in the basal forebrain of the rat.

A monoclonal antibody against choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the acetylcholine synthesizing enzyme, was used to identify cholinergic neurons in the nucleus of the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca at the light and electron microscopic levels. ChAT-labelled somata were fusiform, triangular or round in shape and varied considerably in size. Depending on the type of the cell, one to four dendrites emerged from the soma, but an axon could rarely be seen. The nuclei of most cells were round or oval, showed invaginations and displayed prominent nucleoli. The karyoplasm of the larger fusiform and triangular neurons contained abundant organelles including parallel arrays of granular endoplasmic reticulum. The synaptic input to labelled perikarya and proximal dendrites was sparse. It consisted chiefly of asymmetrical synaptic contacts, sometimes with postjunctional densities, but a few symmetrical synapses were also noted. ChAT-positive axon terminals were not identified which suggests that axon collaterals are rare within the nucleus of the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

In vitro morphological characterization of the bursal reticuloepithelial (REp) cells of chicken.

The REp cells of the bursa follicle medulla of chicken were isolated in vitro. Culture of the REp cells was maintained over a period of 10 days and the cells were observed at 3 and 10 days by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence. The use of an anticytokeratin monoclonal antibody confirmed their epithelial nature. TEM observations showed the presence of desmosomes and tonofilaments, which are characteristic of epithelial cells. Furthermore, to some extent the cells regenerated in vitro the network they form in vivo. Though the growth rate becomes slower with time, the features of the REp cells do not significantly change.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Functional and morphologic characterization of human T lymphocytes expressing the TCR gamma/delta.

A minor subset of T lymphocytes express a TCR composed of gamma and delta chains. This subset differs from conventional T cells for a number of phenotypic and functional characteristics. TCR gamma/delta+ cells simultaneously lack both CD4 and CD8 antigens. Cloning of CD4-8- peripheral blood lymphocytes, under limiting dilution conditions, revealed that they are homogeneously composed of cytolytic cells which efficiently lyse tumor target cells. Formal proofs have been provided that TCR gamma/delta+ cells are able to recognize antigens. For example, they proliferated in response to allogeneic mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC); in addition, MLC-derived TCR gamma/delta+ cells specifically lysed PHA-induced blast cells bearing the stimulating alloantigens. The selection of monoclonal antibodies specific for TCR gamma/delta molecules allowed to identify two distinct subsets of TCR gamma/delta+ cells. Both of these mABs, termed BB3 and delta TCS-1 respectively, induced specific activation of cloned cells expressing the corresponding antigenic determinants (as assessed by measurements of intracellular Ca++ and/or lymphokine production or cytolytic activity). Analysis of the distribution of subsets expressing different forms of TCR gamma/delta, showed that the BB3-reactive form is prevalent in the peripheral blood. In contrast, delta-TCS-1-reactive cells are relatively infrequent in peripheral blood but represent the majority of TCR gamma/delta+ cells in tissues.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Establishment of cell strains from human urothelial carcinoma and their morphological characterization.

We have examined the conditions for cultivation of enzymatically dispersed cells from 34 human urothelial transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) of various types. By employing two culture methods, stationary and tapping suspension, and by using the synthetic medium DM 160 supplement with human umbilical cord serum and fetal bovine serum, six cell strains were established. In two strains the tapping suspension culture method was suitable for growth of highly malignant cancer cells that detach easily from the glass surface in stationary cultures. Each of the six cell strains has been maintained in culture for over 30 months with repeated subcultures of 32 to 128 times. The histopathological features of the original TCC were three differentiated papillary types and three anaplastic nonpapillary types. In two cell strains from TCC with low malignancy, however, the cancer masses that formed in nude mice differed from the original TCC in which they became more malignant, and one cell strain resembled the original TCC closely. In three stationary culture cell strains the epithelial nature was demonstrated by the presence of desmosomes and tonofilaments. In one cell strain only tonofilaments were present. In two tapping suspension culture cell strains the presence of desmosomes was not shown clearly, but fine tonofilaments were observed in one cell strain.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Genetic and morphological characterization of the barley uniculm2 (cul2) mutant.

Axillary meristem growth and development help define plant architecture in barley (Hordeum vulgare L). Plants carrying the recessive uniculm2 (cul2) mutation initiate vegetative axillary meristem development but fail to develop tillers. In addition, inflorescence axillary meristems develop into spikelets, but the spikelets at the distal end of the inflorescence have an altered phyllotaxy and are sometimes absent. Double mutant combinations of cul2 and nine other recessive mutations that exhibit low to high tiller number phenotypes resulted in a uniculm vegetative phenotype. One exception was the occasional multiple shoots produced in combination with granum-a; a high tillering mutant that occasionally produces two shoot apical meristems. These results show that the CUL2 gene product plays a role in the development of axillary meristems into tillers but does not regulate the development of vegetative apical meristems. Moreover, novel double-mutant inflorescence phenotypes were observed with cul2 in combination with the other mutants. These data show that the wild-type CUL2 gene product is involved in controlling proper inflorescence development and that it functions in combination with some of the other genes that affect branching. Our genetic analysis indicates that there are genetically separate but not distinct regulatory controls on vegetative and inflorescence axillary development. Finally, to facilitate future positionally cloning of cul2, we positioned cul2 on chromosome 6(6H) of the barley RFLP map.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1996

Biochemical and morphological characterization of carbon tetrachloride-induced lung fibrosis in rats.

The short-term and long-term lung CCl4 injuries in rats were studied by i.p. CCl4 for 2 or 5 weeks, respectively, and the lung injury in the third progression group receiving i.p. CCl4 for 2 weeks followed by 3 weeks without. Acute haemorrhagic interstitial pneumonia resulted from short-term injury; chronic interstitial pneumonia from long term injury, and residua of injury or advanced chronic interstitial pneumonia in the progression group. All groups also exhibited features for diffuse alveolar damage. Connective tissue stains revealed both interstitial and intra-alveolar fibrosis in short-term injury. Hydroxyproline content and the activities of prolyl hydroxylase and galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosultransferase were elevated. This suggests an early onset of pulmonary fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry revealed the interstitial accumulation of BM proteins. In contrast, increased type III pN-collagen could also be found in the intra-alveolar spaces. The degrees of both interstitial and intra-alveolar fibrosis, BM proteins and type III pN-collagen, and also hydroxyproline content were greater in long-term injury, while the progression group showed on average fewer fibrotic changes than did the long-term injury group, but more than the short-term injury pointing to persistence or progression of the changes. Additionally, intra-alveolar crystallized haemoglobin was found following short-term injury. We conclude that CCl4-induced lung injury is an useful experimental model to study pulmonary fibrosis. The mechanism of CCl4 lung injury is not known but free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Morphological characterization of suspended particles under wind-induced disturbance in Taihu Lake, China.

Sediments are disturbed by wind frequently, especially in the shallow lakes. The characteristics of resuspended sediment particles in Taihu Lake were studied under different wind velocities. It showed that sediment particles suspended obviously and particle number in overlying water increased directly under high wind-induced disturbance. Suspended solid (SS) concentration was less than 50 mg/l when the wind velocity was below 3.0 m/s, however, it increased to more than 300 mg/l when the wind velocity was 10.0 m/s. Two methods were used to measure the fractal characteristics of particles. One was light scattering and the other was image analysis. The three-dimensional fractal dimensions of suspended particles, measured by light scattering, were between 2.26 and 2.44; correspondingly, the two-dimensional fractal dimensions, calculated by image analysis, were between 1.44 and 1.77. Moreover, the three-dimensional fractal dimensions were directly proportional to two-dimensional fractal dimensions. The characteristic length of particles was calculated by image analysis. The minimum characteristic length was close to 8.5 microm when the wind velocity was 1.5 m/s at 50 cm beneath lake surface, while, the maximum characteristic length was approximate to 24 microm when the wind velocity was 10 m/s at the depth of 150 cm.

China↗