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PubMed2006

Vascular update: morphogenesis, tumors, malformations, and molecular dimensions.

This vascular review is organized under the following headings: vasculogenesis and angiogenesis; vascular endothelial growth factors, their receptors, TIE receptors, and angiopoietins; other factors in blood vessel formation; parallel patterning in blood vessels and nerves; physiological and pathological neovascularization; the role of VEGF receptors in metastasis; anti-angiogenic therapy for tumors; association of blood vessels with fat; vascular malformations and vascular tumors; infantile hemangiomas; congenital hemangiomas; lymphatic malformations; molecular characteristics of some disorders with vascular malformations; Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon; Sturge-Weber syndrome, Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome, and Parkes Weber syndrome; diagnostic and laboratory studies; and future perspectives.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors↗
PubMed2004

Overexpression of synuclein-gamma in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Currently, pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Despite the advances in pancreatic carcinoma research, patients with this devastating disease have a very poor prognosis. To identify the gene expression profile of pancreatic carcinoma, an important step in the process of developing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, the authors investigated the alteration of gene expression in this disease. METHODS: The authors analyzed a public serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) database and examined in greater detail the expression of synuclein-gamma mRNA in several pancreatic carcinoma cell lines and tumor tissue samples by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis and Northern blot analysis. The expression of synuclein-gamma protein was investigated further by immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses using tumor cell lines, tumor tissue, and serum samples. RESULTS: Synuclein-gamma mRNA was overexpressed in 11 of 12 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, including AsPc-1, MDAPanc28, Capan-1, Capan-2, PANC-1, HS766T, MDAPanc3, MDAPanc48, Colo357FG, MiaPaCa2, CFPac1, and BxPc3. The expression of synuclein-gamma protein was detectable in 8 of 12 pancreatic carcinoma cell lines (67%) and in 22 of 32 pancreatic tumor tissue samples (69%) by Western blot analysis. On immunohistochemical staining, synuclein-gamma protein was present in 61% of the tumor tissue samples examined from patients with Stage I and II pancreatic carcinoma. The overexpression of synuclein-gamma is correlated with perineural and lymph node invasion. Synuclein-gamma protein also was detectable by Western blot in serum samples from 21 of 56 patients (38%) with pancreatic carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Synuclein-gamma, which initially was described as a breast carcinoma-specific gene involved in invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance, was frequently overexpressed in pancreatic carcinoma. Overexpression of synuclein-gamma may play a role in pancreatic carcinoma invasion. Further studies will be necessary to determine the role of synuclein-gamma in pancreatic carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Clear cell sarcoma of tendons and aponeuroses: case presentation with special reference to immunohistochemical findings.

The case of a 27-year-old woman with recurring and metastasizing clear cell sarcoma (CCS) of tendons and aponeuroses is presented. Clinical setting, protracted course, and light microscopic appearance were in agreement with the original description. Immunohistologically, the tumor cells consistently expressed vimentin, S-100 protein, melanoma-associated antigens p97 and 7 kD peptide (as detected by monoclonal antibodies 96.5 and HMB-45, respectively), and major histocompatibility complex class I and (focally) class II antigens. Furthermore, the lymphocyte-associated antigen CD24 was detectable in the entire tumor cell population. Reactivity of the neoplastic cells with monoclonal antibodies to melanoma-associated antigens provides further evidence for a neural crest origin of CCS.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Development of nongerm cell malignancies in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors.

We report 2 cases of sarcomatous transformation of mixed germ cell tumors of the testis. Both patients received cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and spindle cell sarcoma were the dominant pathological patterns in the metastatic sites. Nongerm cell malignancies in mixed germ cell tumors following chemotherapy may be more common than previously described.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The value of sonography in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue tumors].

A total of 379 patients with soft tissue swellings of unclear aetiology underwent a prospective examination with a high-resolution linear scanner during an interdisciplinary study. We diagnosed 112 true soft tissue tumours, 42 peripheric soft tissue metastases, 34 lymph node metastases, 106 tumour-simulating diseases, 56 inflammatory diseases, and 29 vascular alterations. Eighty-eight per cent of the cases were given the correct differential diagnostic classification by means of sonography. Assessment of malignancy ist not possible by means of sonography.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1997

Anti-RNP antibody in a child with undifferentiated carcinoma and no evidence of mixed connective tissue disease.

We describe a young girl who presented with musculoskeletal symptoms and who was found to have high titres of antinuclear antibody with anti-RNP antibody. She was initially suspected of having mixed connective tissue disease, but ultimately was found to have metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma with an unknown primary site. This is a very uncommon malignancy of childhood and an association with anti-RNP antibody has, to our knowledge, not been described. The clinical significance of this finding is discussed.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1999

First-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer with mitoxantrone, vinorelbine, and carboplatin.

A phase II trial was conducted with mitoxantrone (12 mg/m2, day 1), vinorelbine (30 mg/m2, day 1), and carboplatin (250 mg/m2, day 2) every 21 days. Fifty eligible women who had not received prior chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) entered the study. Objective responses were observed in 28 patients (56%; 95% confidence interval: 42.4-69.74%), with 4 complete (8%) and 24 partial responses (48%). Stable disease was observed in 12 patients (24%) and disease progression in 10 (20%). Responses were documented in all involved sites. The median duration of response was 6 months and the median time to tumor progression 8 months. The median survival was 26 months and the estimated 2-year survival was 52%. Grade 3/4 neutropenia was observed in 29 patients (58%) with four neutropenic episodes. Grade 3/4 anemia and thrombocytopenia was observed in 7 (14%) and 11 (22%) patients, respectively. Other toxicities included grade 2/3 nausea and vomiting in 26 patients (52%) and grade 1/2 alopecia in 38 (76%). Grade 1/2 neurosensory toxicity occurred in four patients (8%). In conclusion, this three-drug regimen is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of MBC.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor with systemic metastases: a case report.

A case of plexiform fibrohistiocytic tumor with pulmonary metastases is presented. The tumor developed on the left wrist of a 4-year-old girl and metastasized to an axillary lymph node and lungs after an episode of local recurrence. This is the first report of systemic metastasis secondary to this neoplasm.

Axilla↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intranodal myofibroblastoma: report of a case.

Palisaded myofibroblastoma (hemorrhagic spindle cell tumor) is a recent addition to the group of benign primary spindle cell lesions of lymph nodes. These tumors are characterized histologically by hemorrhage, palisading, and foci of collagen called amianthoid fibers. We report a further typical example with the aim of discussing its differentiation. Tumor cells were positive for smooth-muscle actin and vimentin. The cytoplasm contained moderate numbers of rough endoplasmic reticulum cisternae and some smooth-muscle type myofilaments. Subplasmalemmal densities and plasmalemmal caveolae, as well as material interpreted as external lamina, were identified at the cell surface, whereas the fibronexus junctions typical of myofibroblasts were not seen. Immunostaining for type IV collagen was positive. Intranodal myofibroblastomas have largely been considered as myofibroblastic, but the observations presented here raise the alternative possibility of simple smooth-muscle differentiation. The foci of collagen widely referred to as amianthoid fibers contained fibrils mostly of conventional diameter, 50-83 nm. The giant collagen fibrils typical of true amianthoid change were absent. It is suggested that the term amianthoid be used only after ultrastructural confirmation of the presence of giant collagen fibrils.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[A comparative study of the biological behavior of gastric cancer from the view of the amount of connective tissue in the cancerous tissue--a correlation between the amount of connective tissue and the metastatic pattern].

Differences between advanced gastric cancer of the medullary type (med.: 138 cases) and the scirrhous type (sci: 164 cases) with regard to the amount of connective tissue that was cancerous have been studied clinicopathologically. A correlation was found between med and liver metastasis, and sci and peritoneal dissemination in metastatic types, whereas no correlation was observed in other factors except between med and a localized type, sci and infiltrating type in gross type. The study of tumorigenicity in nude mice showed remarkable difference between med (86.7%) and sci. (0%). These results indicate that there is definite relationship between the amount of connective tissue and the biological behavior of a gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1987

[Myeloblastic myoma of the tongue].

Usually the myeloblastoma of the tongue (Abrikossoff's tumour) is a benign tumour. Two cases are reported that differ from those described in the literature in respect of findings, course and histology. Particular reference is made to the malignant nature of this tumour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical evaluation of tumor markers in breast cancer patients].

During the past 4 years, the performances of various tumor markers such as CA15-3, CEA, ferritin, beta 2-microglobulin and TPA have been evaluated in 78 cases of mammary cancer. The results were categorised according to differences in stages, difference in values from patients with recurrent tumors, the incidence of abnormal values and differences in values before and after surgery. When the incidence of values higher than the cutoff value was determined for each of stage I, II and III + IV, the rates for CEA were 14.3%, 4.9% and 27.8%, respectively, whereas those for TPA were 25.0%, 22.2% and 26.7%, respectively. In addition, for CA15-3, the incidences were 0% in stage I, 5.0% in stage II and 57.1% for combined stages III + IV. The average values for patients with recurrent tumors were 3.2 ng/ml CEA, 194.5 ng/ml ferritin, 316.2 U/l TPA and 81.3 U/ml CA15-3. The rates of abnormal values were 40.0% for CEA, 40.0% for ferritin, 85.7% for TPA and 63.6% for CA15-3. Differences in the values after surgical removal of the tumor were observed with these tumor markers: the CEA value was reduced from 1.6 +/- 1.4 to 1.1 +/- 0.5 (p less than 0.01) and the CA15-3 value from 12.2 +/- 8.4 to 9.3 +/- 4.1 (p less than 0.05), respectively, whereas that for ferritin was conversely increased from 48.9 +/- 48.0 to 74.0 +/- 70.0 (p less than 0.01). However, the values for TPA, despite showing a tendency to decrease, did not show any statistically significant alteration. The fluctuations of these marker levels in patients with recurrent tumors reflects the progress of the disease, with a sudden elevation in values indicating imminent death. The diagnostic significance of these markers is not high, but they are considered to be useful in detecting the progress or condition of a recurrent tumor.

Adult↗