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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2004

Delayed-onset, bleb-associated endophthalmitis caused by Lecythophora mutabilis.

PURPOSE: To report delayed-onset, bleb-associated endophthalmitis caused by Lecythophora mutabilis. DESIGN: Interventional case report. METHODS: Description of an otherwise healthy woman who developed delayed-onset fungal endophthalmitis associated with a preexisting filtering bleb. RESULTS: A 57-year-old woman who underwent trabeculectomy with Mitomycin C in her left eye 8 years earlier presented with a 10-day history of pain and decreased vision in her left eye. She underwent anterior chamber and vitreous taps and injection of intraocular antibiotics. Cultures grew the mold Lecythophora mutabilis. The patient underwent treatment with intraocular and systemic antifungal agents, three pars plana vitrectomies, partial iridectomy, and cryopexy to the bleb and angle structures. Four months after her last treatment, her left eye shows no residual infection, and vision corrects to 20/80. CONCLUSION: Bleb-associated endophthalmitis caused by L. mutabilis is resistant to amphotericin B but responsive to intravitreal and systemic voriconazole together with pars plana vitrectomy, iridectomy, and cryopexy to the bleb and angle structures.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1985

Phaeohyphomycotic cyst of the skin caused by Exophiala jeanselmei.

A dermosubcutaneous nodule presenting with a superficial papular vascular component occurred in a man receiving long-term prednisone therapy. The histologic findings were characteristic of a phaeohyphomycotic cyst, and a black mold, Exophiala jeanselmei, was isolated. Despite treatment with ketoconazole and local heat, the lesion persisted and was excised. The fungus could be seen in the excised tissue, but cultures were sterile. Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis is a relatively uncommon, but recently more frequently recognized type of opportunistic fungus infection.

Cysts↗
PubMed2002

Disseminated Cladophialophora bantiana infection in a heart transplant recipient.

Cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by Cladophialophora bantiana, a dematiaceous fungus, is a rare disease. The majority of cases have been reported among immunocompetent patients; only 4 cases have been published that describe transplantation patients. The overall prognosis is poor. Surgical therapy in combination with chemotherapy with itraconazole is recommended. We report the case of a heart transplant recipient with cutaneous, cerebral, and lung manifestation of Cladophialophora bantiana who died despite surgical and systemic, high-dosage itraconazole treatment.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed2003

Antineoplastic agents. 488. Isolation and structure of yukonin from a yukon territory fungus.

Cancer cell line bioassay-guided separation of an extract from a Yukon Territory fungus resulted in the isolation of a new C(16)-terpene dilactone designated yukonin (1) accompanied by two previously known, structurally related constituents (2 and 3). The structure of each was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Dilactone 2 was found to correspond to LL-Z1271alpha isolated from fungi in the genera Oidiodendron, Acrostalagmus, and Holwaya, while dilactone 3 had earlier been prepared by reduction of an alpha-lactol derivative. Each of the dilactones was found to inhibit growth of human cancer cell lines (pancreas, breast, CNS, lung, colon, and prostate) and some pathogenic fungi.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2003

The cell-mediated immune reaction in the cutaneous lesion of chromoblastomycosis and their correlation with different clinical forms of the disease.

Chromoblastomycosis is a fungal infection caused by dematiaceous fungi inducing skin lesions of difficult treatment and of frequent recurrence. The objective of the present investigation was to characterize cell-mediated tissue reactions in the skin in cases of Chromoblastomycosis using histopathology and immunocytochemistry methods and to correlate them with different clinical forms of Chromoblastomycosis. Biopsies from 19 patients were stained with HE and Giemsa, and serial sections were immunohistochemically stained using CD45RO, CD20, CD4, CD8, CD68, CD1a, CD34, IL4, IL10, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma antibodies. A quantitative and semiquantitative analysis of the cell subsets and cytokines in the inflammatory infiltrates was performed by counting ten high-power fields (400x). The cutaneous lesion presented as verrucous plaque (n = 15) or erythematous atrophic plaque (n = 4). We observed two types of tissue reaction: A) a granulomatous reaction with a suppurative granuloma with several fungi cells in the cutaneous lesion presenting as verrucous plaque; B) a granulomatous reaction with a tuberculoid granuloma with few fungi cells in the cutaneous lesion presenting as atrophic plaque. The data obtained suggest that patients with lesion presented as verrucous plaque have a type Th2 immunological response, while patients with lesion presented as erythematous atrophic plaque have a type Th1 response.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Cell-cell recognition of host surfaces by pathogens. The adsorption of maize (Zea mays) root mucilage by surfaces of pathogenic fungi.

The adsorption of radioactive mucilage by pathogenic fungi was shown to be dependent upon time, the composition of mucilage, the type of fungal surface (conidia, hyphae, hyphal apices), fungal species, pH and bivalent cations. All fungal adhesins were inactivated by either proteinase or polysaccharase treatments. Adsorption was not inhibited by the numberous mono-, di- and oligo-saccharides that were tested individually, but it was inhibited absolutely by several polysaccharides. This suggested that adsorption of mucilage by pathogens involved conformational and ionic interactions between plant and fungal polymers but not fungal lectins bound to sugar residues of mucilage. Several fractionation schemes showed that pathogens bound only the most acidic of the variety of polymers that comprise mucilage. There was not any absolute distinction between ability to bind radioactive mucilage and type of pathogen or non-pathogen. However, there were notable differences in characteristics of adsorption between two types of pathogen. Differences were revealed by comparison of the adsorption capacities of conidia and germinant conidia and chromatography of radioactive mucilage on germinant conidia. An ectotrophic root-infecting fungus (a highly specialized pathogen) bound a greater proportion of mucilage than did a vascular-wilt fungus (of catholic host and tissue range) with more than one class of site for adsorption. In contrast with the vascular-wilt fungus, sites for adsorption on the specialized pathogen were present solely on surfaces formed by germination.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1999

Chromoblastomycosis in India.

BACKGROUND: Four patients with chromoblastomycosis are presented. An additional 30 infected Indian patients are reviewed. RESULTS: These 34 patients ranged in age from 12 to 80 years with a male to female ratio of 5.8 : 1. Onset before the age of 20 years was seen in 24% of cases which was comparatively high. Culture was positive in 72% of cases and sclerotic bodies were observed in 84% of cases. A relatively higher prevalence (15%) of Fonsecaea compacta was observed. Unusual cutaneous sites afflicted were the penile shaft, vulva, and ala of the nose, and unusual extracutaneous spread was seen in the pleural cavity, ileocecal region, laryngotracheal area, and tonsils. Extracutaneous involvement was seen in 24% of cases. Overlapping infection with another fungus, Geotrichum candidum, was seen in one case. CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy with two azoles was attempted with some success for clinical cure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Chromoblastomycosis: clinical and mycologic experience of 51 cases.

This is a study of 51 cases of chromoblastomycosis detected in a 17-year period, all of which were clinically and mycologically proven by direct examinations, cultures and biopsies. The therapeutic results of the various treatments used are reported. Most cases were males (36 of 51; 70%), the mean age was 35 years and farmers predominated (74%); the most frequent lesions were in the lower limbs (54%). Major clinical presentations were nodular (41%) and verrucous (26%). The principal aetiologic agent isolated was Fonsecaea pedrosoi (90%). Overall results of the various treatments were as follows: 31% were cured, 57% improved and 12% failed. The best results were obtained with cryosurgery for small lesions, with itraconazole for large ones, and in some cases the combination of both treatments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Chromomycosis in the toad (Bufo marinus) and a comparison of the etiologic agent with fungi causing human chromomycosis.

Of 75 toads (Bufo marinus) 2 were found infected by black molds. The internal organs of these animals had granulomatous lesions containing brown fungi identical to those found in human chromomycosis. Cultures gave rise to slow-growing black molds but all attempts to induce sporulation failed. The fungi did not grow at 36 degrees C or above and failed to hydrolyse gelatin or casein. Immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis revealed that both isolates were identical and shared common antigens with the recognized human pathogens P. pedrosoi, P. verrucosa and C. carrioni. The findings are compared with other reports of black mold infections in amphibians.

Animals↗