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Results for “RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES”

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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Factors associated with upper respiratory tract disease caused by feline herpesvirus, feline calicivirus, Chlamydophila felis and Bordetella bronchiseptica in cats: experience from 218 European catteries.

A full history of the management practices and the prevalence of upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) at 218 rescue shelters, breeding establishments and private households with five or more cats was recorded. Oropharyngeal and conjunctival swabs and blood samples were taken from 1748 cats. The prevalences of feline herpesvirus (FHV), feline calicivirus (FCV), Chlamydophila felis and Bordetella bronchiseptica were determined by PCR on swab samples. An ELISA was applied to determine the prevalence of antibodies to B. bronchiseptica. The rates of detection by PCR of each pathogen in the cats in catteries with and without ongoing URTD were, respectively, FHV 16 per cent and 8 per cent; FCV 47 per cent and 29 per cent; C. felis 10 per cent and 3 per cent; and B. bronchiseptica 5 per cent and 1.3 per cent; the seroprevalences of B. bronchiseptica were 61 per cent and 41 per cent, respectively. There was evidence that FHV, FCV and B. bronchiseptica played a role in URTD. The risk factors associated with the disease were less than excellent hygiene, contact with dogs with URTD, and larger numbers of cats in the cattery or household.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Human metapneumovirus as a major cause of human respiratory tract disease.

BACKGROUND: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a newly identified paramyxovirus that appears to be one of the most significant and common viral infections in humans. The virus, first isolated in 2001, is a clear cause of lower respiratory tract disease in both the very young and the frail elderly. The virus causes acute wheezing in children or, less commonly, croup or pneumonia. METHODS/RESULTS: Molecular epidemiology studies have shown that field strains exhibit sufficient sequence diversity to designate 2 subgroups of circulating viruses. Small animal and nonhuman primate models of infection have been described, which will allow studies of pathogenesis and immunity. Recombinant viruses have already been generated by several groups using reverse genetics, which facilitates the study of the biology of the virus and the generation of live attenuated vaccine candidates. CONCLUSIONS: Ongoing research promises to elucidate the molecular basis for pathogenesis and immunity of human metapneumovirus infections and to pave the way for rapid vaccine development.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of temperature-sensitive and cold-adapted mutant viruses in immunoprophylaxis of acute respiratory tract disease.

Efforts currently are underway to develop mutations in the influenza A viral genome that will bring about a satisfactory level of attenuation and that can be identified by simple in vitro techniques. Two types of donor viruses that bear such mutations are being evaluated. One donor virus possesses temperature-sensitive (ts) mutations on the P1 and P3 genes, while the other donor bears both ts and cold-adaptation (ca) mutations. The mutant genes from these donors were transferred by gene reassortment to recombinant viruses bearing the surface antigens of new epidemic or pandemic viruses, and in every instance a satisfactory level of attenuation was achieved. However, genetic instability remains a formidable problem. Temperature-sensitive mutants of respiratory syncytial virus also have been evaluated for their usefulness in immunoprophylaxis of respiratory tract disease. Although the desired mutant has not been identified, some progress has been made.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Principles of rehabilitation of respiratory tract diseases].

The authors propose a conception of rehabilitation after respiratory diseases based on combined action of some nonpharmacological therapeutic factors operating etiologically, symptomatically, pathogenetically and sanogenetically. These rehabilitation methods can be used in persons with respiratory diseases risk factors and for prophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Prevention of respiratory tract diseases in polishers of glass products].

The article presents physical and chemical characteristics of dust appearing due to the polishing of glass products. Clinical examination of glass polishers revealed occupational respiratory diseases. The results helped to put into practice the devices to catch humid aerosol and improved equipment for mechanical processing of crystal, to suggest prophylactic measures for the occupational diseases.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1997

Relationship between clinical signs of upper respiratory tract disease and antibodies to Mycoplasma agassizii in desert tortoises from Nevada.

Plasma samples collected in 1990 from free-ranging desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) with and without clinical signs of upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) from Las Vegas Valley, Clark County, Nevada (USA), were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies to Mycoplasma agassizii, a causative agent of URTD. The relationship between clinical signs and ELISA test results was evaluated. Of the 144 tortoises tested, 45 (31%) had clinical signs while 72 (50%) were seropositive. Presence of clinical signs of URTD was positively related to positive ELISA results (P < 0.0001) regardless of sex or age of the animal. Eighty-four percent of animals with clinical signs tested seropositive. Mucous nasal discharge, the most severe and obvious of the clinical signs, was highly predictive for exposure to M. agassizii based on the ELISA. Ninety-three percent of tortoises with mucous nasal discharge tested seropositive. Serologic testing for M. agassizii antibodies supported clinical signs as useful indicators of URTD, but it also detected potential subclinical infection in 34 (34%) of 99 animals without clinical signs.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The role of molds and dusts in respiratory tract diseases of construction workers].

Silicosis harmful dust produced into the air of working zone during thorough repair of dwelling houses may traumatize the mucous coat of respiratory tract. Simultaneously mould fungi propaguls get into air. Occupational diseases (dust bronchitis) development caused by this dust during capital repair is substituted. It was expressed in the bronchopulmonary pathology with positive reaction of fungi antigen precipitation and detection of the fungi in pathological substances of patients.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗