Retroperitoneal varices simulating masses.
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Diagnosis, Differential↗
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Results for “Retroperitoneal Neoplasms”
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Burkitt's lymphoma with mandible, intra-abdominal and renal involvement--initial presentation of HIV infection in a 4-year-old child.
Burkitt's lymphoma of the jaw was first described as a jaw tumor occurring endemically in African children. We report a case of Burkitt's lymphoma in a child presenting with a painful jaw mass which proved to be Burkitt's lymphoma; renal involvement was also noted. The child was found to be HIV positive. Burkitt's may be the initial manifestation of HIV infection in the pediatric population.
Burkitt Lymphoma↗
Retrorectal tumors complicating pregnancy. Report of two cases.
PURPOSE: Retrorectal tumors are rare entities often found in females during reproductive age. Reports of retrorectal tumors complicating pregnancy are scant. This study presents two cases of retrorectal tumors complicating pregnancy and a literature review. METHODS: Two patients bearing retrorectal tumors diagnosed during pregnancy were referred to our care at the postpartum period. Both then underwent exploratory laparotomy. RESULTS: One patient had premature delivery by cesarean section because of hemorrhage from abruptio placentae followed by fetal mortality. Attempts to resect the tumor immediately after delivery had been unfruitful. The tumor was also unresectable on exploratory laparotomy. Biopsy studies of the tumor were consistent with low-grade myosarcoma. Another patient had a benign cystic mass that had been conservatively monitored throughout pregnancy. A healthy baby was delivered at term by cesarean section. The cyst was later resected via Kraske's incision and was diagnosed as cystic teratoma. CONCLUSIONS: Retrorectal tumors may cause significant local effects such as complicated pregnancy. Early detection in the population at risk is needed, as correct diagnosis and treatment may be done only on surgical exploration. During pregnancy, careful monitoring of advanced tumors is mandatory and may be sufficient to prevent maternal and fetal complications.
Adult↗
The sonographic evaluation of the great vessels' interspace in the pediatric retroperitoneum.
The great vessels' interspace, in the pediatric retroperitoneum, deserves special attention during abdominal sonographic examination. By rotating the child into the right anterior oblique position, the full length of this interspace is demonstrated. Normally, it has a uniform appearance. When invaded by disease, the sonographic pathology can be identified and differentiated from the surrounding structures. The studies were gathered from experience with 1658 retroperitoneal sonographic examinations. Fourteen children were found with disease involving the great vessels' interspace: 4 patients with lymphoma, 3 patients with sympathetic ganglioneuroblastoma, 2 patients with retroperitoneal rhabdomyosarcoma, and one case each, respectively, of adrenal neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumour, clear cell carcinoma of the kidney, retroperitoneal teratoma and Toxocara canis.
Child, Preschool↗
Angiography of nonneoplastic retroperitoneal masses.
Although noninvasive imaging modalities can be used to initially detect retroperitoneal masses, angiography is still desirable for several reasons in those cases in which surgery is contemplated. The latter can forewarn the surgeon as to possible hemorrhagic complications in highly vascular lesions. In some cases it can predict the malignant potential of the lesion. Finally, since these masses may derive blood supply from multiple sources, a vascular "road map" is provided to the surgeon. The angiographic findings of malignant retroperitoneal tumors are well known, but very little has been published dealing with benign nonneoplastic retroperitoneal masses. We have performed angiography in 11 surgically proven nonneoplastic retroperitoneal masses (9 inflammatory lesions, 2 hematomas). Major arterial or renal displacement occurred in 10. The 2 hematomas and 3 inflammatory lesions were totally avascular; 6 of the 9 inflammatory lesions revealed fine neovascularity and 5 of these 6 had an associated capillary blush. Sources of vascular supply included the lumbar, renal capsular, superior mesenteric, and gastroduodenal arteries. Although angiography is helpful in preoperative evaluation of retroperitoneal masses for the aforementioned reasons, it may be difficult or impossible to differentiate benign from malignant lesions based on the angiographic findings alone.
Abscess↗
Presacral hematomas. Diagnosis and treatment.
A post-traumatic hematoma may present either acutely as a presacral collection or chronically as a retrorectal mass. A case of postpartum presacral hematoma and its management in the acute setting is described. A case of a chronic, calcified hematoma presenting as an asymptomatic retrorectal mass is also reported. CT scanning of the presacral space is the most accurate means of preoperative diagnosis. Therapy must be tailored to the preoperative diagnosis and to the size of the lesion.
Adult↗
Presacral tumor: report of a case.
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Humans↗
A case of neurofibroma located in the retroperitoneum involving the uncinate process of the pancreas.
A case of solitary neurofibroma in the retroperitoneum involving the uncinate process of the pancreas, which has been reported in only one case in Japan and less than 20 cases in the world literature, is described. A 57-year-old male complained of back pain and microhematuria. Plain and enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) indicated an 8 x 6 cm hypovascular tumor located in the uncinate process. We initially assumed it to be a cancer of the pancreas. His physical examination and blood chemistry result were normal. Various diagnostic imaging methods however, disclosed a rare type of tumor. The tumor was resected by pancreaticoduodenectomy and histological examination revealed it to be neurofibroma.
Humans↗
Malignant leiomyoma (leiomyosarcoma) of the retroperitoneum simulating sarcoma of the pancreas.
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Humans↗
Wilms' tumor: diagnostic therapeutic implications.
Twenty-four cases of Wilms' tumor were analyzed. The gray-scale echographic characteristics of the tumors were categorized. Correlation with pathologic characteristics, clinical presentation, prognosis, and therapy response was assessed. Two echographic patterns emerged: (a) hypoechoic solid--3; and (b) hyperechoic solid--21. Necrotic degeneration as well as decrease in tumor size were echographic features correlated with positive response to therapy. The results of this analysis showed no initial correlation between the echographic patterns and the clinical presentation or prognosis. On the other hand, the echographic features of Wilms' tumor seem distinctive enough to help in etiologic differentiation and therapy management.
Adolescent↗
Computed tomography of posterior pararenal and properitoneal metastases.
Identification of the retroperitoneal fascial planes with modern computed tomographic scanners allows for precise localization of pathologic processes in the individual compartments of the retroperitoneum. Metastatic disease to the posterior pararenal space or properitoneal space in 6 patients is reported. Two patients had diffuse histiocytic lymphoma and 4 had metastatic melanoma.
Female↗
[Bleeding into retroperitoneal cavernous lymphangioma following blunt abdominal trauma].
The case of a 12-year-old boy with hemorrhage into a previously unknown retroperitoneal lesion following blunt abdominal trauma is reported. Diagnostic work-up of a post-traumatic surgical acute abdomen revealed a giant multicystic tumor in the retroperitoneum, which could be completely removed. Histological examination confirmed the suspected diagnosis of congenital lymphangioma. Attention should be drawn to the possible coincidence of trauma and a preexisting asymptomatic lesion. Knowledge of the characteristic ultrasonographic and computer tomographic features is essential in order to make a correct diagnosis.
Abdomen, Acute↗
[An asymptomatic retroperitoneal space-occupying lesion. Retroperitoneal extrarenal angiomyolipoma].
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Angiomyolipoma↗
Retroperitoneal lymphatics on CT and MR.
We report the CT and MRI appearances of dilated retroperitoneal lymphatic channels in six patients. In two patients, these dilated channels resembled a mass of confluent low-density lymph nodes on CT. On MR urography the lymphatic channels in all six patients were seen as a meshwork of multiple tubular, tortuous, fluid-filled structures in the retroperitoneum of the abdomen and pelvis. On axial T1W images, these channels were seen as numerous, interconnected small, nodular and streaky intensities and as a cloak of diffuse homogenous hyperintensity on T2W axial images. The lymphatic nature of these abnormalities was confirmed at surgery in one patient. In another patient, the calibre and number of the dilated retroperitoneal channels reduced following anti-filarial therapy. The remaining four patients presented with chyluria.
Adolescent↗
Extrahepatic spread of hepatocellular carcinoma: a pictorial review.
Although extrahepatic spread of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is uncommon, it can be found anywhere in the body. Most extrahepatic metastases of HCC occur in patients with advanced-stage intrahepatic tumor, but incidental extrahepatic lesions have also occasionally been found in patients with early-stage intrahepatic HCC. The detection of extrahepatic metastatic disease is crucial when planning therapy for patients with HCC and should be used to avoid unnecessary surgical intervention. In this study we illustrate the radiologic findings of extrahepatic metastases of HCC involving various sites. The presumed mechanism of extrahepatic extension of HCC is also discussed.
Bone Neoplasms↗
Extra-renal Wilms' tumour--is it different?
Nephroblastomas (Wilms' tumour) are the most common solid malignancies in childhood, but extra-renal Wilms' tumours are rare entities, and the diagnosis is made only after surgical intervention. However, the embryogenesis and the exact mechanism of occurrence of primary ERWTs is controversial, thereby presenting a number of unanswered questions of great theoretical interests. We present three well-proven cases of extra-renal Wilms' tumour together with a review of the literature based on its histogenesis, its behaviour and its management policies.
Adolescent↗
Retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma.
Twelve cases of retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenoma or mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in women have been reported in the literature. We report an additional case. The histogenesis of mucinous cystadenomas and mucinous cystadenocarcinomas in the retroperitoneum is not clear, but that these lesions may arise from teratomas, ectopic supernumerary or accessory ovaries, or coelomic metaplasia has been suggested. It is possible that small clusters of coelomic epithelial cells could be deposited along the route of ovarian embryonic descent and, by proliferation or metaplastic differentiation, develop into these cystic tumors. The histogenesis of the rare histologically similar lesions that have been seen in men is even less clear.
Adult↗