PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “STAINS AND STAINING”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[ABO determination in blood stains on stain carriers pretreated with usual household products].

Linen has been treated with 20 different remedies for clothes (impregnating agents, fabric softeners, detergents, finishes, and stainremovers; see tab. 2) in "normal" and "high" concentration. After short, intentionally incomplete washing and after successive drying 5 microliters and 10 microliters blood each of the six major ABH types have been applied. Stains have been ABH typed by the absorption-inhibition test according to Holzer, the absorption-elution test using stain extracts according to Chisum, and another absorptions-elution test performed in tubes. Only 3 of the 20 remedies had no effect on the results (tab.3). The AI-test showed no false results, but partly reduced absorption and haemolysis of the added red blood cells. Both AE-tests gave false-positive and false-negative results. Compared with the tube test the method described by Chisum was more reliable. The rate of false results depended on the concentration of the remedies used for the treatment of the linen. The majority of the incorrect results (but not all!) could have been recognized by processing controls analogously (see tab. 4 and 5; legend in English under tab. 5).

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1980

[Practical staining method: T-OPA triple stain].

The following procedure has proven to be successful as routine trichrome stain on paraffin embedded material: 1) Mayer's hemalum for 10 min, followed by running tap water wash; 2) staining in 1% Orange G in 1% acqueous PTA for 5 min and rinsing a few seconds in distilled water; 3) Aniline blue 1% acqueous for 5 min, followed by few seconds distilled water wash. Dehidratation in ethanol, or by blotting followed by t-buthanol or 1:3 terpineol-xylene, clearing and mounting, completed the procedure.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1982

[D-Penicillamine effect on collagen synthesis and structural maintenance Red Sirius staining with polarized-light examination. The value of this staining in cases of collagen diseases (author's transl)].

A severe systemic sclerodermia has been treated by D-Penicillamine. A pathological study before and after treatment showed important changes of the collagen structure. The soluble or foetal collagen fraction is enhanced. By the Red-Sirius staining with polarized light examination of the bundles of foetal collagen are green and bright. Then, this staining appears as a marker of collagen structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The staining properties of thiazolylazoalkylaminophenol derivatives in histochemical staining of cadmium.

In the continuous research for a more sensitive chelator for cadmium, thiazolylazoalkylaminophenol derivatives were synthesized. The staining sensitivity for cadmium and molar absorptivity of their cadmium chelates were examined. Though the molar absorptivity of bromothiazolylazodiethylaminophenol(Br-TADA)-cadmium chelate demonstrated an order of 10(5), the staining sensitivity of Br-TADA was unexpectedly low. The lowering of the sensitivity of Br-TADA may be attributed to alkaline hydrolysis and a decrease in the stability constant of the cadmium chelate.

Azo Compounds↗
PubMed1994

[Confirmative test of human semen stain and mixed stain by immunohistochemical method using anti-human sperm monoclonal antibodies].

The stain of the human semen, the mixture of the human semen and vaginal secretion as well as the semen of the bull, goat, pig, dog, rabbit, rat and mouse was examined by the immunohistochemical method using anti-human sperm monoclonal antibodies (SMAB). The result revealed that the SMAB E10 could make a distinction between the human semen, the mixture of the human semen and vaginal secretion, and the seven kinds of animal semen. It is concluded that this method can be used for the species identification of the semen and the mixed stain under the general condition.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The sialoglycoproteins of murine erythrocyte ghosts. A modified periodic acid-Schiff stain procedure staining nonsubstituted and O-acetylated sialyl residues on glycopeptides.

Murine erythrocyte ghosts (from DBA/2, CD-1, and B6D2 strains) contain significant amounts of O-acetylated sialyl residues, which are slowly oxidized by periodate. Sialic acids have been purified from murine erythrocyte ghosts and the existence of O-acetylated sialic acids has been confirmed: 1) by assaying with the Warren procedure before and after de-O-acetylation with 0.1 N NaOH for 45 min at 4 degrees C; 2) by thin layer chromatography on cellulose; and 3) by gas-liquid chromatography. Because these sialyl residues are unevenly distributed on the sialoglycoproteins of murine erythrocyte ghosts, the periodic acid-Schiff staining detects only one major sialoglycoprotein. A modification of the periodic acid-Schiff stain method removes these O-acetyl groups after electrophoresis and reveals two additional sialoglycoproteins which bear the majority of the O-acetylated sialyl residues. Rat erythrocyte ghosts have similar residues on one of their two sialoglycoproteins. Ghosts of human, rabbit, and guinea pig erythrocytes do not contain detectable amounts of O-acetylated sialyl residues.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1996

Differences in bull spermiograms using eosin-nigrosin stain, feulgen stain, and phase contrast microscopy methods.

The Society for Theriogenology recently adopted a minimum standard of 70% normal spermatozoa for the bull breeding soundness examination (BSE). We conducted this study to determine if spermiograms derived by brightfield microscopy of eosin-nigrosin stained semen smears (Society method) overestimated the proportion of normal spermatozoa. Comparison of the above method was made with that of phase contrast microscopy (Phase method). We then evaluated our ability to discern head abnormalities by comparing brightfield microscopy of Feulgen-stained sperm DNA (Feulgen method) with those of the Society and Phase methods. Spermiograms were determined for each of the 181 beef bulls using all 3 methods. Only bulls that were being routinely tested prior to the 1993 breeding season were included. The mean percentage of normal spermatozoa surpassed the minimum standard with the Society (72.8%) but not the Phase (52.5%) method, which identified more distal cytoplasmic droplets that adhered to cells without distal midpiece reflexes. The Phase method also identified more total primary and fewer primary head abnormalities. We conclude that the Phase method is not a suitable substitute for the Society method when applying the minimum standard during a routine BSE. The Feulgen method identified more head abnormalities, especially in the pattern of DNA, than the other methods, however, when compared to the minimum standard that improvement was not clinically important. Both the Phase and Feulgen methods are better than the Society method for monitoring changes in abnormal spermiograms over time.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1981

Sequential use of the PAP and immunogold staining method for the light microscopical double staining of tissue antigens.

Double immunoperoxidase staining using different couplers can give various combinations of colours on a single tissue section to achieve a comparable picture of different antigens. However, the colour combinations achieved to date are not entirely satisfactory. A double immunostaining procedure is introduced here, combining the peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) and immunogold staining (IGS) methods. The IGS method is a new, simple, sensitive and reliable approach to immunostaining at the light microscopic level. It was carried out in three ways. Firstly, a two-step method was used in which the second layer was goat anti-rabbit IgG absorbed onto gold particles (GAR/Au20). Secondly, a three-step method was employed where the second layer was unlabelled goat anti-rabbit IgG and the third layer was a rabbit antibody to peroxidase absorbed onto the gold particles (RAP/Au20) and acting as a gold-labelled IgG antigen. The third method combined the first two methods using GAR/Au20 as th second layer and RAP/Au20 as the third layer which increased the amount of bound gold and enhanced the red colour, providing a better picture. The use of gold-labelled antibodies in double immunostaining has great potential value for many studies including that of the diffuse neuroendocrine system of the gut.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A modified PAP (peroxidase-anti-peroxidase) staining technique using sera from patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF): 4 step PAP staining technique.

BHK-21 cells infected with dengue virus type 1 were stained by a newly developed 4 step PAP (peroxidase-anti-peroxidase) technique using sera from patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever as anti-virus antibody. The intensity of staining of the sera was proportional to the hemagglutination inhibition and neutralization titers. With this new technique using sera from patients it should be possible to use the PAP technique of virus infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The Giemsa-11 technique for species-specific chromosome differentiation. A simple stain modification leading to dependable direct and sequential staining procedures.

Oxidizing Methylene Blue and adding the reaction products to Eosin Y and Azure B makes possible a highly reliable Giemsa-11 technique for discrimination of chromosomes in hybrid cells according to their parental origin. This staining can be combined in a sequential procedure with a fluorescent banding technique allowing the exact identification of the chromosomes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Repeated application of first-layer antiserum improves immunofluorescence staining: a modification of the indirect immunofluorescence staining procedure.

Repeated application of the first-layer antiserum in the indirect immunofluorescence technique considerably improves the immunostaining. The modified method reveals more antigenic sites and increases the contrast between specific and background stainings, particularly where sparsely distributed antigenic areas are to be investigated. The effect of this novel immunostaining procedure is compared with that of the routine procedure and of other modifications. Possible mechanisms for the improving effect are discussed. A procedure of combined modifications is recommended for exploration of non-abundant antigens or for achieving a high-quality photograph.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Immunocytochemical staining of cytocentrifuge prepared cultured cells: nonspecific staining and its elimination.

In an attempt to localize hormones in cytocentrifuge-prepared cultured cells of small cell carcinoma of the lung (SCCL), various modifications of the immunoperoxidase (PAP) procedure (Sternberger, 1979) were tested. When using glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, or p-benzoquinone fixation (Pearse & Polak, 1975) and rabbit antibodies in primary or bridging steps of the PAP procedure, nonspecific staining (false positives) could be elicited with the majority of rabbit antibodies tested, but not with antibodies from other animal sources. This problem could be eliminated by fixation of cells either with formalin-acetone (Mason et al., 1975) or, when using antibodies from a source other than rabbit, glutaraldehyde. It was not possible to localize ACTH in DMS-79, a human SCCL line known to produce this hormone. However, calcitonin was localized in the calcitonin-producing SCCL line DMS-53. Failure to localize ACTH in DMS-79 may be due to the lower levels of this hormone in DMS-79, as compared to the levels of calcitonin in DMS-53. This study emphasizes the importance of proper controls before concluding successful localization in a given immunocytochemical preparation of cultured cells.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1976

Differential staining of interspecific chromosomes in somatic cell hybrids by alkaline Giemsa stain.

Staining of chromosome preparations of Chinese hamster-human hybrid cells and mouse-chimpanzee hybrids with alkaline Giemsa has yielded color differentiation of the interspecific chromosomes. Bicolor chromosomes, indicating apparent translocations also are observed for each of these hybrids. The specific color differences observed provide a rapid means of recognizing and aiding in the identification of the interspecific chromosomes and apparent translocations in these somatic cell hybrids.

Azure Stains↗
PubMed1976

Histochemical staining in lymphocyte suspensions complexed with beta-galactosidase as an antigen. Unspecific staining of spleen cells by indigo.

Spleen cells from mice immunized with E. coli beta-galactosidase were incubated with the enzyme and with 5-bromo-4-chloroindolyl-beta-galactosidase as a histochemical substrate. Some cells are stainable in this reaction, however, not all of them carry specific receptors for beta-galactosidases. Some spleen cells can take up dye and thereby become unspecifically stained. This system is therefore not suitable for the detection of antigen binding to cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis: recovery of non-stained and stained proteins from gel slices.

Following electrophoresis or isoelectric focusing in gels of polyacrylamide the protein band of interest is cut out and placed above a sucrose gradient column, containing carrier ampholytes (Pharmalyte). By electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing or displacement electrophoresis the proteins migrate out of the gel slice and into the isoelectric focusing column for concentration and further purification. From this column, the proteins can be withdrawn and their isoelectric points determined. Even after staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue at least some proteins can be recovered by this technique and used for further analyses, for instance amino acid determinations. The focusing in a pH gradient by carrier ampholytes can be replaced by an electrophoresis in a conductivity gradient column. However, in comparison with isoelectric focusing, this concentration technique has the drawback of not permitting further purification of the eluted protein.

Acholeplasma laidlawii↗
PubMed2006

Different impact of staining procedures using visible stains and fluorescent dyes for large-scale investigation of proteomes by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

Replicate 2-D gels were stained with four visible or fluorescent dyes using published procedures, and 48 co-detected spots were selected for contrasting values in abundance, M(r) and pI. Success rate of identification and sequence coverage were affected in a dye-dependent manner by the three parameters. Frequency of missed cleavages and recovery of sulfur-containing peptides also depended on the dye. Finally, the dataset was used to predict the number of proteins identifiable when integrating the differential contribution of each parameter. Sypro Ruby appeared to combine several favorable features: no dependence of the identification rate upon the physicochemical properties of proteins, no impact on frequency of missed cleavages, and a higher predicted identification rate.

Arabidopsis Proteins↗
PubMed1998

Facial port wine stains in childhood: prediction of the rate of improvement as a function of the age of the patient, size and location of the port wine stain and the number of treatments with the pulsed dye (585 nm) laser.

In this study we examined the rate of decrease in size of facial port wine stains (PWS) as a function of number of treatments, lesion size, lesion location and patients' age. This study was performed at the University of Colorado Hospital Outpatient Dermatology Center, Denver, U.S.A. A consecutive sample of 91 patients 18 years of age or younger with facial PWS in which the entire lesion was treated at each visit were studied. Included were all patients who had a minimum of five treatments or complete clearance of their lesion in fewer than five treatments. Patients were evaluated following one, five and 10 treatments with the pulsed (450 s) dye (585 nm) laser. Improvement was defined as the percentage decrease in the size of the PWS. For all patients, the first five treatments resulted in a mean decrease in size of 55% while the second five treatments (38 patients) only improved the mean decrease in size by 18%. Grouped by location, the mean decreases in size from the first five and the second five treatments were as follows: central forehead = 100%, 0%; peripheral face = 58%, 28%; central face = 48%, 14%; and mixed (combination of peripheral and central face) = 21%, 9%. All central forehead PWS completely cleared within five treatments while none of the mixed PWS did so even with an average of 14 treatments. Grouped by size, mean decrease in size was highest for small lesions; < 20 cm2 = 67%, 21%; 20 to < 40 cm2 = 45%, 8%; and > 40 cm2 = 23%, 29%. Grouped by age, mean decrease in size was highest for young children: < 1-year-old = 63%, 33%; 1 to < 6 years = 48%, 15%; and older than 6 years = 54%, 10%. For all patients studied, maximal improvement was obtained in the first five treatments. Major determinants of treatment response in order of decreasing importance are PWS location, size and patients' age. The most successful responses are seen in young patients (less than 1 year old) with small PWS (under 20 cm2) that are located over bony areas of the face such as the central forehead. These three determinants may be useful tools to guide patient expectations and to predict the rate of improvement of PWS to pulsed dye laser treatment.

Adolescent↗