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PubMedDate not supplied

A mentoring pyramid for African American nursing students.

The purpose of this investigation was to ascertain the African American nursing students' perception of a need for a mentoring program for this population. The percentage of ethnic minorities graduating from baccalaureate nursing programs has continued to decline since 1990 (National League of Nursing, 1995). The March 1996 National Sample Survey of Registered Nurses estimated there were 2,559,000 registered nurses in the United States. Only 107,500 of these nurses were African American. Data from the 1996 U.S. Census revealed African Americans to be the largest ethnic minority group in the country (14 percent). Based upon the number of racially and culturally diverse clients seeking healthcare, there is a gross underrepresentation of racially and culturally diverse nurses available to administer that care. The attrition rate for African American nursing students is high. Some of the reasons for this failure to retain and graduate African American students from schools of nursing are associated with the lack of mentoring relationships with persons whom students can relate to, feel comfortable with, learn from, and emulate. This study examined the perceptions of African American nursing students enrolled at a predominantly European-American public university in the Southeast United States. The students identified certain categories of needs they felt could be met in a mentoring relationship with a nurse educator.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1976

A short interview as an assessment of student health and potential.

A prospective study of the effectiveness of a short interview in assessing health needs and potential performance of students. The results indicate that such an interview is of limited value in the recognition of the vulnerable student, can predict performance of the best students with reasonable accuracy, can recognise potential drop-outs, but failed to distinguish in a borderline group between those likely to succeed and those not.

Achievement↗
PubMed2000

Recruitment and retention: the development of an action plan for African-American health professions students.

This article presents results of a survey of African-American students enrolled in the colleges of medicine, dentistry, allied health, pharmacy, and nursing at the University of Kentucky. The survey was designed to determine the students' perceptions of factors that affect recruitment, enrollment, and academic progress of African-American students. Fifty-three of seventy students responded to survey questions addressing recruitment; admissions; and financial, social, personal, and academic support. Over 50% of medical students decided by junior high to enter a health career; only 15% of other students decided that early. The influence of a family member was more important in student decisions to enter nursing or medicine than in decisions by other students. Only 17% of medical students reported difficulty in locating sources of financial aid compared to 48% of those from other colleges. Perceptions regarding lack of social outlets were consistent among respondents from all colleges. Findings emphasize the importance of early exposure to the health professions, early outreach strategies, ongoing financial assistance, and the importance of establishing social networks for African-American students enrolled in a majority institution. The survey results were used to develop an action plan for the offices of minority affairs, student services, and academic affairs to address identified problems and concerns.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Mental health problems among university students, and their relationship to academic failure and withdrawal.

Two obvious forms of student "wastage" are academic failure and withdrawal from university. In this prospective cohort study of 2,041 first-year students at Monash University, the relationship of these two events to mental health, university life-stress and other variables is examined. Four factors found to be strongly related to first-year academic failure are mental illness at university a high level of life-stress, poor secondary school academic record, and an extroverted personality. Withdrawal from university during first year is frequently preceded by poor mental health, high life-stress and loneliness. Withdrawal during second year is strongly associated with first-year academic failure and mental illness. The significance of these findings is discussed, and comparisons are made with overseas studies.

Achievement↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The impact of a College of Nursing Retention Program on the graduation rates of nursing students.

This study was designed to measure the impact of a College of Nursing's (CON) Retention Program on students enrolled in a baccalaureate degree nursing program. Within the last ten years, undergraduate nurses increasingly have utilized the CON retention program. These students traditionally face a number of barriers to their academic endeavors. This study was designed to assess the effect of the CON program on the barriers to academic success of students who entered the CON in the Fall classes of 1991, 1992 and 1993. The sample size was 320 students. The control group consisted of 137 students who received no intervention and the experimental group was comprised of 183 students who attended intervention sessions with the Retention Coordinator in the CON. It was hypothesized that the most successful students during this period (1991-1993) were the most frequent attendees of the CON retention program intervention sessions. The alternative hypothesis was that those persons who did not attend the sessions, but were still highly persistent and successful, were enrollees who had entered with high entrance credentials as demonstrated by the transfer grade point averages (GPA). The results of this study indicated the need, use and value of this systematic approach to retention.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Equal access.

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Black or African American↗
PubMed2001

Grooming nurses for the new century. Analysis of nurses' registers in London voluntary hospitals before the First World War.

This paper reports on the analysis of nurse probationer registers from 1903 to 1912. The analysis exploring characteristics of the 'modern', reformed nurse. Registers from four London voluntary hospitals were used (St Mary's (Paddington), Westminster, St Thomas's and the London Homoeopathic Hospitals). Socio-demographic data (age on entry, own previous and fathers' occupations, home addresses, wastage rates and reasons for leaving early) and personal characteristics were recorded from the total sample of 500. The 'good, kind and reliable' rather than the 'clever' nurse was preferred by the recording matrons. Relevant extracts from the British Nursing Journal and the Nursing Times are used to support discussion of data in the registers. This paper was first presented at the History of Nursing Millennium Conference in Edinburgh in July 2000.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2002

How many years do students study before graduating in medicine?

OBJECTIVES: The Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of the Witwatersrand is considering changing from a 6-year medical degree to a mainly graduate-entry 4-year degree. The objective of this study was to determine how long students currently take to qualify and how many years are spent studying for each medical graduate produced. DESIGN: A retrospective study of 691 students registered in medicine at the University of the Witwatersrand in 1988, 1989 and 1990 was conducted by examining student progress records. RESULTS: The study found that an average of 7.89 years was spent studying for each graduate produced, including tertiary studies before medicine, repeated years and intercalated science degrees. Five hundred and eighty-nine students (85%) graduated and 102 (15%) did not. Forty-eight per cent studied for 7 or more years before graduating, 21% completed degrees before or during their medical studies, and 21% of students repeated years. CONCLUSION: The costs to the individual and society of the new 3 + 4-year degree structure would not be very different from those of the current 6-year structure.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2003

'Lower than a scullery maid'. Is this view of the British Poor Law nurse justified? Examination of probationer registers from Kensington Infirmary, 1890-1916.

The Sairey Gamp image has been grossly overused in describing the 'un-reformed' 19th-century British nurse/midwife. For Dickens she was a literary device--an exaggerated portrait of the reality, which has often come to represent the true state of British nursing at the time. But were things uniformly bad in nursing? Those who nursed the sick in voluntary hospitals were, undoubtedly, not of the highest class but many, no doubt, gave reasonably good service. In workhouses those entrusted with caring for the sick were often able-bodied paupers, which added an additional disadvantage to the working class status of nurses in general. In this paper I will explore the myth in relation to selected citations from the literature and to data gathered from the probationer registers of Kensington Infirmary (St Mary Abbot's Hospital) in west London.

Almshouses↗