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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Sensitivity of groups A, B and C beta hemolytic streptococci to antibiotics].

We studied the susceptibility of 330 strains of beta hemolytic streptococci (60 group A, 125 group B, 145 group C) isolated from healthy school children in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria to 17 antibiotics. Only 2% of group A streptococci showed resistance to erythromycin, and 18% to 31% of the beta hemolytic streptococci strains were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. All of these strains showed susceptibility to betalactam antibiotics, chloramphenicol, clindamycin and vancomycin. Most of them were resistant to tetracycline and aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Child↗
PubMed1987

[Respiratory infectious diseases in horses].

Among all infectious diseases affecting horses, respiratory disease pose the greatest threat to horses kept in stables, horses used for breeding and race horses. Here a distinction should be made between the so-called monocausal infectious diseases (so-called Henle-Koch postulates) and multicausal infectious diseases which are the result of the synergistic interaction of different processes, that alone do not lead to disease. There is no clearcut distinction between the two groups. The most important monocausal respiratory infections of horses are caused by equine influenza virus (subtypes 1 and 2), equine rhinopneumonitis virus (equine herpes-virus type 1), equine arteritis virus and partially by Reoviruses. In addition, streptococcus equi (strangles, adenitis equorum, coryza contagiosa equorum) and mycobacteria tuberculosis can cause monocausal diseases. In multicausal infections, the first step usually is a virus infection. This is the basis for secondary infection by widespread, opportunistic agents such as bacteria, mycoplasms or fungi which lead to clinical disease. The method of choice for controlling monocausal respiratory infections of horses is prophylactic vaccination and chemotherapy. Measures to control multicausal infections include: vaccination with functional-synergistic combined vaccines; the use of herd-specific vaccines; medical stimulation of the non-specific part of immunity (immunmodulation, paramunization). Paramunization is a new concept in the prophylaxis and therapy of respiratory infections of horses and can be combined with prophylactic vaccination as well as with chemotherapy. In severe cases of respiratory disease paramunization can also be combined with corticosteroids.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Hyaluronidase test in the diagnosis of staphylococci].

Using the Streptococcus equi decapsulation test, 879 strains of S. aureus, 212 strains of S. intermedius and 214 coagulase-negative staphylococci were examined for hyaluronidase production; six of the coagulase-negative staphylococci belonged to S. hyicus subsp. hyicus. Positive hyaluronidase production was recorded in all strains of S. aureus and in the strains of S. hyicus subsp. hyicus. No hyaluronidase was produced by 208 coagulase-negative staphylococci and the strains of S. intermedius. The decapsulation test is recommended as a reliable method of the differentiation of S. aureus and S. intermedius.

Hyaluronoglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1985

Tracheal compression secondary to abscessation of cranial mediastinal lymph nodes in a horse.

Respiratory distress and laryngeal paralysis were found to be caused by a Streptococcus equi abscess of cranial mediastinal lymph nodes, putting pressure on the trachea at the thoracic inlet. Surgical drainage was required to relieve the compression, and long-term antibiotic therapy was used to treat the bacterial infection. The trachea returned to normal diameter but left laryngeal hemiplegia persisted. Peritracheal abscesses should be considered in the differential diagnosis of inspiratory dyspnea of the horse.

Abscess↗
PubMed1985

Use of 111In-labeled autologous leukocytes to image an abdominal abscess in a horse.

Indium 111-labeled autologous leukocytes were used to image an abdominal abscess in a horse with a palpable abdominal mass and history of Streptococcus equi infection. A focal area of radioactivity was identified in the location corresponding to the abscess. Imaging of this focal uptake was optimal 48 hours after injection. Similar scans obtained in 2 clinically normal horses revealed no evidence of focal radioactivity in this region. The cell labeling procedure gave acceptable labeling efficiency (87.5%) but an excessive number of damaged WBC, resulting in persistent lung radioactivity on all images. No adverse effects were noted. Radiation measured in the horse and its excreta were well within acceptable limits.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1994

Influence of estrous cycle stage on adhesion of Streptococcus zooepidemicus to equine endometrium.

Equine endometria representative of Kenney's categories I, II, and III were incubated in vitro with phosphate buffer, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or S zooepidemicus. Endometrial tissues from mares in estrus and diestrus were first categorized according to Kenney's classification, then were tested for adherence of S pneumoniae and S zooepidemicus to the epithelia. Bacteria were not observed when the endometrial tissue was incubated with phosphate buffer or S pneumoniae. There was no statistical difference in attachment of S zooepidemicus to endometrial tissue from mares in estrus or diestrus if endometrial classification was ignored. However, bacterial attachment was significantly (P < or = 0.05) higher in category III endometrium during estrus.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1990

Isolation and characterization of hyaluronidases from Streptococcus dysgalactiae, S. zooepidemicus and S. equi.

10 out of 10 cultures each of Streptococcus dysgalactiae and S. zooepidemicus and 6 out of 10 cultures of S. equi tested for hyaluronidase produced this enzyme. Hyaluronidase could be precipitated from the cell-free culture supernatant with ammonium sulphate and purified by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, isoelectric focussing and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The isoelectric points of the hyaluronidases from S. dysgalactiae and S. equi were near pH 5, of that from S. zooepidemicus near pH 6. The hyaluronidases from S. dysgalactiae, S. zooepidemicus and S. equi had molecular weights of about 55,000 D. Maximal enzyme activities developed between 40 degrees C and 45 degrees C and pH 5.6 and 5.8. The Michaelis constants ranged from 7.5 x 10(-2) to 8.8 x 10(-2) mg/ml. Hyaluronidase activities were stimulated by Ca++, Mg++, Mn++, Co++, K+, and Li+ and inhibited by Zn++ and Cd++.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Hemolytic interactions of Dermatophilus congolensis.

The strains of Dermatophilus congolensis grew on blood agar with washed sheep erythrocytes with marked total hemolysis. In testing for hemolytic interactions they gave a significant synergistic effect of a characteristic shape with Rhodococcus equi and Streptococcus agalactiae, whereas with Staphylococcus aureus producing beta hemolysin and with Staphylococcus aureus producing delta hemolysin a simultaneous synergistic as well as antagonistic effect were observed. First of all a conspicuous inhibition of in the beta hemolysin zone began and then the hemolytic effect of D. congolensis was enhanced. A similar double reaction was also observed with Listeria ivanovii. With delta hemolysin there was an inhibition of the hemolytic effect of D. congolensis and at the same time a synergistic effect could be observed. Also D. congolensis gave a weak synergistic effect with Micrococcus lylae and Listeria monocytogenes, and a further weak antagonistic effect with alpha hemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus hyicus, Staphylococcus chromogenes and Micrococcus luteus. No interaction of D. congolensis was established with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed2005

Stable production of hyaluronic acid in Streptococcus zooepidemicus chemostats operated at high dilution rate.

Hyaluronic acid is routinely produced through fermentation of both Group A and C streptococci. Despite significant production costs associated with short fermentations and removal of contaminating proteins released during entry into stationary phase, hyaluronic acid is typically produced in batch rather than continuous culture. The main reason is that hyaluronic acid synthesis has been found to be unstable in continuous culture except at very low dilution rates. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying this instability and developed a stable, high dilution rate (0.4 h-1) chemostat process for both chemically defined and complex media operating for more than 150 h of production. In chemically defined medium, the product yield was 25% higher in chemostat cultures than in conventional batch culture when arginine or glucose was the limiting substrate. In contrast, glutamine limitation resulted in higher ATP requirements and a yield similar to that observed in batch culture. In complex, glucose-limited medium, ATP requirements were greatly reduced but biomass synthesis was favored over hyaluronic acid and no improvement in hyaluronic acid yield was observed. The successful establishment of continuous culture at high dilution rate enables both commercial production at reduced cost and a more rational characterization and optimization of hyaluronic acid production in streptococci.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1997

Pyogenic arthritis caused by streptococcus equisimilis (group-C streptococcus) in a patient with AIDS.

A patient with the Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) treated with a daily low dose of corticosteroids for chronic atopic dermatitis experienced a sudden episode of unilateral knee arthritis. Culture of the purulent synovial liquid yielded a pure culture of Streptococcus Equisimilis. A four week period of intravenous antibiotherapy combined with repeated drainages allowed a complete recovery of articular function.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2003

Antimicrobial resistance patterns of vancomycin-resistant Streptococcus equinus isolated from animal foods and epidemiological typing of resistant S. equinus by microbial uniprimer kit.

Raw milk samples, and cow and chicken intestines were tested to isolate vancomycin-resistant, gram-positive bacteria. From these samples, we isolated seven vancomycin-resistant Streptococcus equinus, two vancomycin-resistant viridans Streptococcus and two vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. The MICs of several antibiotics, including vancomycin, against these strains were tested. Seven isolates of S. equinus showed high level resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin (>100 microg/mL). The cell wall thickness of these strains was compared with that of the sensitive strain by TEM and no differences were obserbed between these strains. We compared the strains of vancomycin-resistant Streptococcus equinus using PCR with Microbial Uniprimer Kit. We concluded that it is necessary to combine other methods in order to cluster and identify all isolates of S. equinus.

Animals↗