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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Thyroglossal duct cyst: an infrequently considered diagnosis in pediatric patients with anterior neck masses.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a pediatric patient with an anterior neck mass and discuss the evaluation and treatment. METHODS: We present a case report and a discussion of the differential diagnosis of anterior cervical masses. The workup and therapy for an anterior neck mass, which was a thyroglossal duct cyst, are reviewed. RESULTS: A thyroglossal duct cyst in pediatric patients is an uncommon finding. For establishing a correct diagnosis, surgical confirmation is necessary. Identification is important because of the high incidence of misdiagnosis, recurrent infections, inadequate treatment, and possible neoplastic change. CONCLUSION: A thyroglossal duct cyst should be included in the differential diagnosis of an anterior neck mass. Recommended treatment consists of surgical removal of the cyst, the entire thyroglossal duct tract, and the central portion of the hyoid bone.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

Atypical thyroglossal duct cyst: a rare cause for a solitary cold thyroid nodule in childhood.

A case of an atypical thyroglossal duct cyst is described in a 9-year-old boy who presented with a lateral neck mass that was hypofunctioning on thyroid scan and clinically indistinguishable from a thyroid nodule. Preoperative fine needle aspiration biopsy results demonstrating abundant, normal appearing squamous epithelial cells and keratinaceous material was suggestive of the diagnosis. Definitive diagnosis was made only after complete mobilization of the left lobe of the thyroid gland and cyst resection. A standard Sistrunk procedure was performed, and cyst excision was accomplished without resection of the left lobe of the thyroid gland. Microscopic examination disclosed a keratinizing pseudostratified squamous epithelium that has not been previously reported with thyroglossal duct cysts.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1988

Thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma (report of two cases).

Two cases of papillary carcinoma of thyroglossal duct cyst that were treated in our department are presented. Differential diagnosis and pathological features are emphasized. Radical excision of the cyst according to Sistrunk's technique is recommended. The recent literature concerning this subject is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of squamous cell carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst is a rare entity. Malignancy generally is revealed only after surgical excision of a thyroglossal duct lesion because of the lack of specific physical findings. CASE: A 68-year-old male presented with a squamous cell carcinoma arising in a midline cyst in the neck. The malignancy had been discovered because of an enlarged metastasized lymph node in the left side of the neck. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) showed cells with marked nuclear atypia and keratinizing cells. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the 10th squamous cell carcinoma reported and, among these, the first case diagnosed preoperatively by FNA cytology. A firm diagnosis at the preoperative stage is important with this neoplasm to plan extensive surgical intervention.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Cholesterol granuloma in a thyroglossal duct cyst. A case report.

A case of cholesterol granuloma (CG) in a thyroglossal duct cyst is presented. The main pathogenic theories of this entity are described. It is suggested that chronic or recurrent infection and inflammation may play the major part in the pathogenesis of CG.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Breath-holding-like spells in an infant: an unusual presentation of lingual thyroglossal duct cyst.

The authors report the case of an infant with a lingual thyroglossal duct cyst who presented with breath-holding-like spells, which actually represented life-threatening ball-valve obstruction of the larynx, leading to hypoxemia and transient cerebral dysfunction. When evaluating apparent breath-holding spells in young infants, physicians should include dynamic, episodic upper airway obstruction in the differential diagnosis.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary papillary carcinoma in a thyroglossal duct cyst.

A rare case of primary thyroid papillary carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst occuring in a 46 year old man is reported. The diagnosis was not suspected preoperatively. On gross examination of the excised specimen the presence of a papillary tumour in the cystic mass suggested the diagnosis which was proved histopathologically. The thyroid gland was normal on physical examination and scintigram thus ruling out the possibility of metastasis from a primary tumour in the thyroid gland.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1994

Thyroglossal duct cysts: variability of sonographic findings.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the sonographic features of thyroglossal duct cysts, emphasizing the variable sonographic appearances, and determine if the presence of infection or inflammation influences the sonographic appearance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the sonograms in 12 children (2 months-16 years old) with pathologically proven thyroglossal duct cysts (TDCs). The cysts were evaluated for location, size, cystic versus solid features, echogenicity, and wall thickness. The sonographic features then were compared with the pathologic findings. RESULTS: Sonograms of the 12 lesions showed that nine were midline at or near hyoid bone; two were to the right of midline in the submandibular region; and one was located to the left of midline in the neck. Cysts were from 0.5 cm to 4 cm in diameter. Five lesions were anechoic with no perceptible wall thickness. Seven lesions were hypoechoic. Two of the seven were homogeneously hypoechoic with thin borders. The remaining five lesions were hypoechoic but heterogeneous (complex). One lesion was hypoechoic with small anechoic spaces. Four lesions were largely cystic with dense internal echoes and thick walls. The presence of thick walls and internal echoes did not correlate with the presence or absence of inflammation on pathologic examination. No lesions in our series were hyperechoic. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that TDCs have a variable sonographic appearance. Anechoic, homogeneously hypoechoic, and heterogeneous (complex) lesions occur. We found no correlation between the pathologic findings of infection and inflammation and the sonographic appearance of TDCs. Awareness of the variable sonographic appearance of the TDC is helpful when a midline lesion is encountered in the neck.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Thyroglossal duct cysts. A thirty year experience with emphasis on occurrence in older patients.

A total of 79 patients (39 female and 40 male) underwent the Sistruck procedure for thyroglossal duct cysts. Twenty-eight percent of the patients were over 50 years of age and 10 percent were over 60. The age range was 16 months to 82 years. Three patients had thyroidectomies, two of which were for carcinoma, along with resection of a thyroglossal duct cyst. Two patients, one diagnosed preoperatively by needle biopsy, had papillary carcinoma in thyroid tissue of the cyst wall. The length of time from cyst discovery to surgery was the same for patients over 10 years of age. We suggest needle biopsy of all neck masses and also elective operation in a patient of any age, once a diagnosis of thyroglossal duct cysts is made. The Sistrunk procedure is the operation of choice.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Thyroglossal duct cysts: sonographic appearances in adults.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous reports have suggested that thyroglossal duct cysts (TDCs) appear on sonograms as well-defined cystic masses with thin walls and posterior enhancement. In our experience, however, TDCs have a variable sonographic appearance. We report our findings in 40 patients with TDCs and document the variability of sonographic patterns. METHODS: All patients in whom the diagnosis of TDC was made clinically (by at least two head and neck surgeons) and sonography detected a cystic mass related to the hyoid bone were included in this study. Sonograms of 40 patients with TDCs were reviewed. The features evaluated were the location, internal echogenicity, posterior enhancement, presence of septa, solid component, and fistulous tract. The echo pattern was not compared with the biopsy results. RESULTS: Four patterns of TDCs were identified: anechoic (28%), homogeneously hypoechoic with internal debris (18%), pseudosolid (28%), and heterogeneous (28%). The majority showed posterior enhancement (88%), were midline (63%), and infrahyoid in location (83%). Only half of all TDCs showed a typical thin wall. CONCLUSION: On sonograms, TDCs in adults are not simple cysts, as previously suggested, but have a complex pattern ranging from a typical anechoic to a pseudosolid appearance.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Papillary thyroid carcinoma of the thyroglossal duct cyst: comparative cytohistologic and immunochemical study of 2 new cases and review of the literature.

We report a cytohistologic and immunohistochemical study of 2 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma occurring in a thyroglossal duct cyst. The patients were a 21-year-old woman and a 48-year-old man. Needle aspiration cytology smears were consistent with papillary thyroid carcinoma. The Sistrunk procedure was done. Papillary carcinoma was found within a thyroglossal duct cyst. In 1 case, the tumor spread outside the cyst. Follow-up was uneventful in both patients (2 and 9 years, respectively). Our results would indicate that papillary carcinoma of thyroglossal duct cyst, though indistinguishable from its thyroid homologue, has a more indolent course and could therefore be singled out as a clinicopathologic entity. Needle aspiration cytology reliably assists in planning patient management.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Thyroglossal duct cyst or ectopic thyroid gland?

We report a 16-year-old boy with an anterior midline neck mass clinically diagnosed as a thyroglossal duct cyst. An ultrasound scan performed prior to surgery suggested a normally located thyroid gland. Following surgical excision of the presumed thyroglossal duct cyst the patient became hypothyroid. A radioisotope scan confirmed no active thyroid tissue. A pitfall in the ultrasonographic identification of the thyroid gland is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Carcinoma arising in thyroglossal duct cyst: presentation of a new case and review of the literature].

Carcinoma arising in thyroglossal duct remnants is a rare even that appears in about 1% of all surgically treated cases. A survey of the literature reveals more than 100 reported cases. We present a new case of malignant transformation of thyroid remnants in thyroglossal duct cyst wall: a non invasive papillary carcinoma. Local resection by the Sistrunk method, without any other treatment, was considered curative. We also review the available literature regarding this entity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Lingual thyroglossal duct cyst causing death in a four-week-old infant.

A 12-mm spherical thyroglossal duct cyst at the base of the tongue caused the death of a four-week-old infant by obstructing the glottis. Previous case reports of this rare entity indicate that the supine position aggravates airway obstruction. Proof of a cause and effect relationship between such a cyst and death is difficult in the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) age group because of nonspecific findings associated with asphyxia and SIDS. Autopsy should include a thorough examination of the oral cavity to detect such lesions.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1995

Papillary thyroid carcinoma arising in thyroglossal duct cysts: incidence and management.

The incidence and pathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma arising in the thyroglossal duct cysts were reviewed and compared with papillary thyroid carcinoma arising elsewhere in the thyroid gland. In the 30 year period 1964 to 1993 there were 90 thyroglossal duct nodules or cysts treated surgically at the Endocrine Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia. There were four cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma in this group (4.4%). In the same period 2814 cases presented with clinical single thyroid nodules which were treated surgically. There were 182 cancers in this group of which 121 were papillary thyroid carcinomas (4.3% of total cases). This is identical to the incidence seen in the thyroglossal duct. We conclude that the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma arising in the thyroglossal duct is no different to that arising elsewhere in the gland. The difference in number of carcinomas related only to the volume of follicular thyroid tissue present in the gland proper. That being the case, there is no reason to treat these cancers differently from papillary thyroid carcinoma elsewhere in the gland.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Thyroid transcription factor 1 expression in cystic lesions of the neck: an immunohistochemical investigation of thyroglossal duct cysts, branchial cleft cysts and metastatic papillary thyroid cancer.

Cervical metastases of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) are of particular diagnostic importance, because they can mimic branchiogenic cysts clinically and histopathologically when undergoing cystic change. Immunohistochemical stains for thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), which are positive in thyroid cancers, are reported to be valuable in establishing diagnosis. However, TTF-1 may also be expressed in dysontogenetic cysts of the neck. Therefore, immunohistochemical stains for TTF-1 and thyroglobulin (TG) were performed on each of the ten thyroglossal duct cysts, branchial cleft cyst and lymph node metastasis of PTC. Five in ten cases of thyroglossal duct cysts were positive for TTF-1, but all were negative for TG. One of the ten branchial cleft cysts stained for TTF-1, while all cases were negative for TG. All ten cases of lymph node metastases of PTC showed positive for TTF-1, nine of which were positive for TG. Since a positive immunostaining for TTF-1 in cystic lesions of the neck was not only found in metastases of PTC, but also in non-malignant branchiogenic cysts, additional investigations, e.g. an immunostaining for TG, should be added in difficult cases.

Adolescent↗