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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Molecular analysis of T and B cell repertoires in mice immunized with Opisthorchis viverrini antigens.

B10 mice were immunized with an Opisthorchis viverrini somatic extract and then their responses were analyzed. The antigenic fractions of the extract were separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, electroblotted to nitrocellulose membranes and solubilized for use in lymphocyte culture. Antibody specificity was also visualized by immunoblotting using immunized mouse sera. The Mr of the main immunogenic fractions for T cells ranged from 28 to 46 kDa, whereas those recognized by antibodies were 45, 52, 56, 59, 65, 69, 75 and 81 kDa. The results indicate a striking difference in the antigenic recognition pattern of T and B cells which may be important for selecting antigen molecules for immunological studies of this trematode infection in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Clinical use of praziquantel in China.

Praziquantel, a broad-spectrum anthelmintic developed by E. Merck and Bayer AG in Germany in the early 1970s, was synthesized in the People's Republic of China in 1977 and given the Chinese name Pyquiton. After a series of pharmacological and toxicological studies in China, praziquantel was released for clinical use in 1978. The drug is now available for treatment of human schistosome and other trematode infections as well as the treatment of cestode infections including cysticercosis. However, much of the clinical work has been published in Chinese journals that may not be universally familiar. This article summarizes some of the key aspects of these reports, dealing with the clinical use of praziquantel against schistosomiasis japonica and other helminth infections in China.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Use of benzimidazole chemotherapy in human helminthiases: indications and efficacy.

The past two decades have seen some remarkable developments in anthelmintic chemotherapy in clinical medicine. Whereas praziquantel has revolutionized the management of many cestode and trematode infections, Gordon Cook explains how the introduction of the benzimidazoles - most importantly thiabendazole, mebendazole and recently albendazole (flubendazole, cambendazole, ciclobendazole, and triclabendazole have also been used on a very limited scale) - has had a major impact upon the safe and effective management of several important intestinal and systemic nematode and, to a leser extent, cestode infections.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Characterisation of proteins differentially present in the plasma of Biomphalaria glabrata susceptible or resistant to Echinostoma caproni.

Snail immune responses towards a trematode infection are known to rely on both plasmatic and cellular host factors. As an approach to further investigate the suspected involvement of plasmatic factors in Biomphalaria glabrata resistance/susceptibility to Echinostoma caproni, we compared protein patterns of plasma collected from susceptible and resistant snails. This proteomic approach revealed that 13 plasmatic proteins exhibited significant differences in their apparent representativity. The genes corresponding to five of them were characterised by a combination of mass spectrometry and molecular cloning. They encode two isoforms of a glycolytic enzyme, two isoforms of a calcium binding protein and an inhibitor of cysteine protease. Furthermore, we investigated gene expression in parasite-exposed or -unexposed snails as well as in various tissues by quantitative PCR. This study showed that: (i) differential representation of plasma proteins between the snail strains was correlated with a differential level of transcripts; (ii) expression of these genes after parasite exposure was differentially regulated in the two strains; and (iii) these genes were expressed predominantly in the albumen gland.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2001

Cervical intramedullar schistosomiasis as a rare cause of acute tetraparesis.

INTRODUCTION: The trematode infection schistosomiasis affects at least 200 million people in endemic areas. Granulomas cause the typical manifestations of urogenital, intestinal and hepatolienal schistosomiasis. Involvement of other organs especially the central nervous system (CNS) is uncommon. CASE REPORT: We describe a 40-year old male with a history of repeated contact with schistosome contaminated water. After having suffered from flu-like symptoms with fever and arthralgias, he first presented with a polyradiculopathy of unknown origin. Then 4 weeks later an acute tetraparesis occurred. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a spinal stenosis and query medullary hyperintensities at C6-C8 without contrast-enhancement. Serologic testing was positive for schistosomiasis. The intraoperative appearance at decompressive laminectomy revealed a myelitic form of schistosomiasis. Under therapy with praziquantel, initially high dose cortisone and intensive physiotherapy, symptoms slowly improved over months. On follow-up 1 year later, the patient presented with a spastic distally marked tetraparesis and sensory impairment from C6 downwards. CONCLUSION: Cervical intramedullar schistosomiasis is a rare cause of acute tetra- or para-paresis in patients, who have had contact with schistosomes. Early diagnosis is essential because of the excellent prognosis with specific therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Ehrlichial diseases.

Equine granulocytic and monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia equi and E. risticii, respectively, are seasonal diseases in horses that occur throughout the United States E. equi is transmitted by lxodes ticks and causes high fever, depression, anorexia, limb edema, petechiation, icterus, ataxia, and stiffness in gait. E. risticii, also known as the agent of Potomac horse fever, causes a febrile illness with a colitis of variable severity. Its occurrence is associated with aquatic habitats. The natural route of transmission is oral, through the ingestion of E. risticii infected trematode stages either free in water or in an intermediate host, such as aquatic animals.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Host fecundity reduction: a strategy for damage limitation?

Host fecundity reduction is a life-history trait that is commonly exhibited in parasitic associations. It is particularly prevalent in female invertebrate hosts that invest heavily in egg production during a relatively short life span. Here, Hilary Hurd uses examples of parasitized insects and trematode infections of snails to consider the evolutionary significance of this response to infection. Studies of host egg production and reports of the physiological mechanisms underlying reduction of host reproductive success are used to evaluate the hypotheses that fecundity reduction might be a by-product of infection, or an adaptive strategy on the part of parasite or host.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Intestinal helminth parasites of the ray Raja naevus in British waters.

Five cestode, one monogenean, and two nematode species comprised the "normal" intestinal helminth fauna of Raja naevus in British waters. An additional two nematodes, a digenean, an acanthocephalan and a crustacean recorded are considered to be accidental infections. Geographical differences in the species composition and level of infection are noted and discussed. Short descriptions of the tetraphyllidean cestode Echeneibothrium sp. and the nematode Capillaria sp. are given, but the species, although probably both new, are left unnamed. The intensity of cestode infections show two patterns associated with host length and these are discussed in relation to variations in host diet. Speculations are made on the cestode life cycles. Only Echeneibothrium sp. numbers showed any significant variation associated with host sex.

Animals↗