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At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors affecting outcomes of traumatically extruded permanent teeth in children.

PURPOSE: The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of residual extrusion, pulpal necrosis, and resorption for extruded permanent teeth and to establish the effect of presentation and treatment factors. METHODS: Seventy-two traumatically extruded permanent incisors were studied at the Departments of Paediatric Dentistry in Belfast, Newcastle upon Tyne, and Glasgow. The mean age of the patients was 10.1 years (range=6 to 18 years). Clinical and radiographic outcomes were analyzed and related to presenting and treatment factors. RESULTS: The initial degree of extrusion was moderate for 46 teeth (64%), and the median delay prior to repositioning was 3 hours (range=1 to 168 hours). Pulp necrosis occurred in 31 teeth (43%), residual extrusion was present in 16 teeth (23%), and inflammatory resorption occurred in 11 teeth (15%). Residual extrusion was significantly associated with a delay in repositioning the tooth, pulpal necrosis was significantly more common in teeth with closed apices and in severely extruded teeth, and inflammatory resorption was more common after pulpal necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Residual extrusion could be minimized by earlier presentation and repositioning. The risk of pulpal necrosis is greatest for severely extruded teeth and for those with closed apices.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Newtom QR-DVT 9000 imaging used to confirm a clinical diagnosis of iatrogenic mandibular nerve paresthesia.

This article describes conventional orthodontic treatment of an adult patient leading to lower lip paresthesia. The paresthesia subsided when the cross elastics to correct the patient's single molar crossbite were removed. It was determined with Digital Volumetric Tomography that the inferior alveolar nerve was located lingual to the lower second molar root and was impinged upon with the tipping force of the cross elastic. Treatment to resolve the crossbite without further paresthesia is discussed.

Activator Appliances↗
PubMed2003

Cone beam volume tomography: an imaging option for diagnosis of complex mandibular third molar anatomical relationships.

Complex impacted third molars present potential treatment complications and possible patient morbidity. Objectives of diagnostic imaging are to facilitate diagnosis, decision making, and enhance treatment outcomes. As cases become more complex, advanced multiplane imaging methods allowing for a 3-D view are more likely to meet these objectives than traditional 2-D radiography. Until recently, advanced imaging options were somewhat limited to standard film tomography or medical CT, but development of cone beam volume tomography (CBVT) multiplane 3-D imaging systems specifically for dental use now provides an alternative imaging option. Two cases were utilized to compare the role of CBVT to these other imaging options and to illustrate how multiplane visualization can assist the pretreatment evaluation and decision-making process for complex impacted mandibular third molar cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Uses of MTA, a review. Part 2: Clinical applications].

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been used in dentistry for the last five to eight years. Because of its high biocompatibility, its good sealing ability, and the fact that cemental tissues grow on this material, it has a relatively wide range of applications in endodontics. MTA may be used to cap exposed vital pulps, to seal open apices or perforations, or as a retro-filling material in apical surgery. These applications are presented in the current article, and discussed based on case reports.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed2004

Endodontic treatment of reimplanted avulsed teeth.

By using an appropriate storage system such as a Save-A-Tooth and having knowledge of appropriate treatment options, an avulsed tooth can be reimplanted with the greatest chance of success. Using the different categories of avulsed teeth discussed in this article as a guide, the clinician can determine the most applicable course of treatment. If endodontic treatment is based on the clinical condition of the pulp and PDL cells, the chance of success following reimplantation is improved.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Therapeutic protocols for avulsed permanent teeth: review and clinical update.

Traumatic injuries to permanent teeth include coronal and root fractures, subluxations, luxations, and avulsions. The most common complications after avulsions are necrosis of the pulp and root resorption. Treatment is often complex, time consuming, and expensive and requires multidisciplinary approaches such as endodontic and periodontal treatments, surgery, orthodontic movements, as well as esthetic coronal restoration. This review describes new clinical modalities for the treatment of avulsed teeth and discusses the rationale for their use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Contemporary endodontic surgery.

During the past decade, endodontics has seen a dramatic shift in the application of periradicular surgery and the role it plays in endodontic treatment. With the introduction of enhanced magnification, periradicular ultrasonics and other associative technologies, teeth that might otherwise be extracted now have a chance for retention. This article describes the role of these advances in contemporary endodontic surgery.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Secondary trauma from occlusion: three-dimensional analysis using the finite element method.

Clinical effects of forces applied by dental occlusion on the periodontium have been evaluated for decades. Historically, trauma from occlusion has been considered as a major etiologic factor of inflammatory periodontal diseases, while some researchers have interpreted it to be of less importance or without any detectable importance in periodontics. In this study, five three-dimensional models of a maxillary central incisor were created using ANSYS 5.40. The only difference in each model was the height of the alveolar bone that showed from normal height (13 mm of alveolar bone height) to 8 mm of alveolar bone loss (5 mm of alveolar bone height). Five-point forces of 0.3 N summing up to 1.5 N were applied in a parallel line, 1 mm apical to the incisal edge on the palatal side in a palatolabial direction. The maximum (S1) and minimum (S3) principal stresses in the nodes of the labial side of the periodontal ligament (apical to the alveolar crest) were assessed. Analysis was done using the finite element method. An increase of S1 (up to 16 times in the cervical and 11.25 times in the apical area) and S3 (up to 17.13 times in the cervical and 9.9 times in the apical area) in comparison to the normal model was shown. The highest stress levels were traced in the subcervical area, except for the last model (8 mm of the alveolar bone loss). According to the results of this study, 2.5 mm of alveolar bone loss can be considered as a limit beyond which stress alterations were accelerated. Based on the FEM analysis, alveolar bone loss increases stress (S1 and S3) produced in the PDL, in spite of applying the same force vector.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed2004

The role of digital volume tomography in the imaging of impacted teeth.

AIM: Digital volume tomography is presented here as an alternative to routine computerized tomography in the diagnosis and treatment planning of impacted teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A sample of 20 patients with a variety of types of tooth impaction was investigated and five representative cases are described. The potential disadvantages of digital volume tomography--inferior spatial resolution of subtle structures and limited representation of soft tissues--were of no clinical significance in the presented cases of impacted teeth. The method provides 3-dimensional images closely akin to regular computerized tomography imaging, yet the amount of radiation produced is less than one sixth that for regular computer tomography and its cost is considerably less. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There is reason to recommend the routine adoption of digital volume tomography imaging for positional diagnosis in most cases of impaction of teeth that are candidates for orthodontic resolution.

Child↗
PubMed2005

Apexogenesis of a symptomatic mandibular first permanent molar with calcium hydroxide pulpotomy.

Vital pulp therapy of immature, symptomatic permanent posterior teeth presents a challenge in pediatric endodontics. A case report is presented in which cervical pulpotomy with calcium hydroxide was performed on a cariously exposed mandibular first permanent molar. The patient was seen every 3 months for a total of 18 months for a clinical and radiographic follow up. During the follow-up period, root development, as evidenced by root lengthening, was observed. Apical closure was evident at the end of 19 months. As the root canals showed a tendency toward calcification, root canal treatment was carried out, followed by restoration of the tooth with a stainless-steel crown. The success of this single-visit apexogenesis procedure supports the contention that young pulp possesses remarkable reparative capacity, as well as resistance to bacterial infection due to greater vascularity, and that apexogenesis with calcium hydroxide apical closure pulpotomy can be attempted for continued root development of symptomatic, vital, permanent teeth.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed2005

[Root canal preparation: shaping and cleaning of the root canal].

Primary shaping is of paramount importance for a succesfull root canal treatment. In this article the basis principles of apical terminus location, shape, size and diameter are discussed. The use of NiTi instruments and crown-down preparation techniques are explained.

Dental Instruments↗