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Results for “Automobile Driver Examination”

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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

The assessment of people with arthritis who wish to drive a car.

In Great Britain 504,565 people are in receipt of Mobility Allowance; this, together with improved technology and an increase in public awareness, has increased the mobility aspirations of disabled people. Among those wishing to learn to drive for the first time, or to continue driving, are people with arthritis. In many cases pain and restriction of joint movement necessitate modification of car controls or driving technique. Between May 1982 and April 1985, 83 people with arthritis were assessed at Banstead. This paper describes the techniques used at Banstead Place Mobility Centre to assess these drivers, the difficulties which they experience, and the modifications which have been recommended.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

A 3-year follow-up of the driving status of 32 young adults with spina bifida.

Thirty-two young spina bifida adults with or without hydrocephalus were assessed for car driving potential in 1983. A postal questionnaire procedure was used to follow their decisions on driving and early driving experiences. This study reports the driving status (non-driver, learner driver or driver) of this group at December 1986 in relation to scores on the perpetual--cognitive battery completed on assessment. Results indicated that although nearly half of this group had passed the driving test, clinical assessment of cognitive functioning did not discriminate between drivers and non-drivers.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Driving for handicapped people.

Physical handicaps often make it difficult to use an ordinary production car. Access can be a major problem for both driver and passenger, while the design of controls has to be matched to the functional capabilities of the individual driver. Provision of an adequate driving posture and storage for a wheelchair also have to be considered. Many of these problems can be overcome by suitable adaptations to the vehicle. Recent work in this field is reviewed to summarize the ergonomic guidelines that are available. The driving task also requires cognitive skills and adequate speeds of reaction as well as physical skills and capabilities. Better methods of assessing these are gradually being developed, but much further work is necessary in this area. Disabled drivers need instructors who are skilled in training for their special needs. New developments have occurred in powered controls and in their mode of operation, allowing greater numbers of severely disabled people to drive. Steering controls can now be produced which require virtually zero force or very little movement to operate, and driving with a single multi-function control can be expected in the very near future.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed2003

Neurologic conditions: assessing medical fitness to drive.

Clinicians are often asked to make an assessment on whether a patient is medically fit to drive, even though few have been formally trained in this area. Driving is a complex task that requires having adequate operational, cognitive and higher executive functions that work together. These functions can be compromised to a greater or lesser extent in neurological disorders, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, peripheral neuropathy, dementia, Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. There is insufficient standardized information relating to impaired function at this time. Because of this, state laws vary in their assessment of medical conditions as they relate to driver licensing. Wisconsin laws are reviewed as an example. There are numerous assessment tests for various functions, but they lack a validated correlation with actual driving performance. These and other factors, as well as practical recommendations for the practicing physicians, are the subjects of this review.

Automobile Driver Examination↗

PubMed1983

Assessment and training of brain-damaged drivers.

This paper describes a driving assessment and training program that is primarily for patients discharged from the hospital and who may be experiencing residual impairment from some form of brain damage. Assessment is carried out by an occupational therapist and consists of several off-road tests (vision, reaction timing, computerized preview tracking test, general medical/psychological appraisal), and an on-road test. More than 300 patients have been seen since the program's inception in 1977, and trends indicated by their assessment results are: twice as many male as female referrals; a low fail rate among nonbrain-involved patients; diagnosis as a poor predictor of outcome; no significant difference between fail rates of right and left stroke patients; significant difference in average tracking task performance between the Pass, Borderline, and Fail assessment groups. Off-road testing complements, rather than replaces, on-road testing. Thirty-eight of the 300 patients were given special training, and 15 of these were unable to reach an acceptable level. This reflects a difficulty in predicting the outcome of unlicensed patients with severe disabilities.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Assessing the driving potential of cerebral vascular accident patients.

In this report, literature pertaining to training the post-cerebral vascular accident (CVA) driving candidate is reviewed; a driver training program is described, with special emphasis on evaluating the CVA candidate; the role of the occupational therapist as a disabled driver training instructor is outlined; information and suggestions for comprehensive evaluation and training of right- and left-CVA driving candidates are presented; and data comparing driver's training outcomes for right- and left-CVA candidates are provided. Retrospective data of left- and right-CVA driver performance are compared.

Automobile Driver Examination↗

PubMed1992

Driving after cerebral damage: a model with implications for evaluation.

Evaluation of the ability of cerebrally injured patients to return to driving is an important task for rehabilitation specialists. These evaluations require predictively valid methods of assessment based on identification of relevant skills and abilities. The present study tested a hypothetical model for driving after cerebral injury and determined its use in evaluating fitness to drive. Thirty-five patients with cerebral damage due to head injury or cerebrovascular accident participated in the study. All were administered (a) a predriver evaluation, that is, a battery of neuropsychological tests chosen a priori to test the model, (b) a simulator evaluation, and (c) a behind-the-wheel evaluation consisting of driving on a protected course and in traffic. The results showed that 93% of the driving outcome in traffic was explained cumulatively by findings from the predriver and simulator evaluations as well as from behavioral and operational measures during evaluation on the protected lot. These results supported the predictive validity of the model and are discussed in terms of methodology for evaluation of return to driving.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Survey of driver rehabilitation programs.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Automobile Driver Examination↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Validity of the Cognitive Behavioral Driver's Inventory in predicting driving outcome.

OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to (a) compare Cognitive Behavioral Driver's Inventory (CBDI) scores for clients who passed and failed a driving evaluation and for diagnostic groups (left cerebrovascular accident [CVA], right CVA, traumatic brain injury [TBI], and cognitive decline); (b) determine sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the CBDI; (c) compare validity of the CBDI with other tools; and (d) identify factors associated with outcome. PARTICIPANTS: This historical cohort study included clients with neurological conditions who completed a driving evaluation. MEASURES: CBDI, Motor-Free Visual Perception Test (MVPT), Bells test, and driving results were extracted from the charts. RESULTS: Mean CBDI (p < 0.0001) and MVPT (p < 0.0001) scores were significantly worse for those failing compared to passing the driving evaluation. Sensitivity of the CBDI was 62%, specificity was 81%, positive predictive values were 73%, and negative predictive values were 71%. Results varied according to diagnostic group. CONCLUSIONS: The CBDI is not sufficiently predictive of outcome to replace a driving evaluation, and is predictive only for clients with R-CVA and TBI. Evaluation of driving should vary according to diagnosis.

Automobile Driver Examination↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Driving evaluation practices of clinicians working in the United States and Canada.

OBJECTIVE: To determine off-road and on-road driving evaluation practices of clinicians in the United States and Canada who assess individuals with disabilities for fitness to drive. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 114 clinician attendees at the 2003 annual Association of Driver Educators for the Disabled with driving assessment experience ranging from 1 month to 25 years. MEASURES: Information was elicited regarding the clinician, clientele, referral practices, and off-road and on-road driving evaluation practices and retraining practices using a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: Participants were largely occupational therapists (68%) who worked in 42 different states and provinces. The most prevalent clientele were persons with traumatic brain injury (97%) and stroke (96%). Testing times greater than 60 min were common for both the off-road (61%) and on-road (49%) evaluations. Commonly performed off-road assessments included the Brake Reaction Timer; Trail Making Test, Parts A and B; and the Motor Free Visual Perception Test, used by 73%, 72%, and 66%, respectively; comprehensive computer-based driving evaluation was rare. Sixty-one percent indicated that all clients underwent on-road evaluation regardless of the off-road results. Finally, 78% used a standard driving route, whereas 24% used a scoring system to evaluate on-road driving. CONCLUSION: Driving assessment in Canada and the United States is multidimensional and time-intensive. Although the domains being assessed are similar across clincians, specific off-road and on-road assessment practices vary greatly. The majority use nonstandardized on-road assessments.

Automobile Driver Examination↗

PubMed1971