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PubMed1975

Cataloging audiovisual materials: a new dimension.

A new more comprehensive system for cataloging audiovisual materials is described. Existing audiovisual cataloging systems contain mostly descriptive information, publishers' or producers' summaries, and order information. This paper discusses the addition of measurable learning objectives to this standard information, thereby enabling the potential user to determine what can be learned from a particular audiovisual unit. The project included media in nursing only. A committee of faculty and students from the University of Alabama in Birmingham School of Nursing reviewed the materials. The system was field-tested at nursing schools throughout Alabama; the schools offered four different types of programs. The system and its sample product, the AVLOC catalog, were also evaluated by medical librarians, media specialists, and other nursing instructors throughout the United States.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1968

Metropolitan Detroit's network: "...informed by magic numbers".

Wayne State University Library's serials automation project is evolutionary in concept, with its first completed stage designed to give information on titles and holdings. Its master tape includes, in addition to Wayne State University holdings, data for more than twenty biomedical libraries in the area, and print options are available that will produce a full union list or individual lists singly or in any combination.

Catalogs, Union as Topic↗
PubMed1982

OCLC for the hospital library: the justification plan for hospital administration.

This paper delineates the necessary steps to provide hospital administrators with the information needed to evaluate an automated system, OCLC, for addition to the medical library. Based on experience at the Norton-Children's Hospitals, included are: (1) cost analyses of present technical processing systems and cost comparisons with OCLC; (2) delineation of start-up costs for installing OCLC; (3) budgetary requirements for 1981; (4) the impact of automation on library systems, personnel, and services; (5) potential as a shared service; and (6) preparation of the proposal for administrative review.

Budgets↗
PubMed1983

The Georgetown University Library Information System (LIS): a minicomputer-based integrated library system.

Georgetown University's Library Information System (LIS), an integrated library system designed and implemented at the Dahlgren Memorial Library, is broadly described from an administrative point of view. LIS' functional components consist of eight "user-friendly" modules: catalog, circulation, serials, bibliographic management (including Mini-MEDLINE), acquisitions, accounting, networking, and computer-assisted instruction. This article touches on emerging library services, user education, and computer information services, which are also changing the role of staff librarians. The computer's networking capability brings the library directly to users through personal or institutional computers at remote sites. The proposed Integrated Medical Center Information System at Georgetown University will include interface with LIS through a network mechanism. LIS is being replicated at other libraries, and a microcomputer version is being tested for use in a hospital setting.

Computers↗
PubMed1998

Creating and curating a pediatric radiology digital library to make the internet a useful reference tool for the radiologist.

BACKGROUND: To practice pediatric radiology optimally, radiologists need convenient access to organized and authoritative pediatric radiology information. The Internet has the potential for offering such convenient access, but the majority of information on it is poorly organized and of questionable authority. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this project was to create and curate a pediatric radiology digital library that will make the Internet a useful reference tool for the radiologist at the point-of-care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A pediatric radiology digital library containing organized and authoritative pediatric radiology information from the Internet was created and has three components : (1) PediatricRadiology.com (http://pediatricradiology.com)--a catalog of pediatric radiology Web sites; (2) The MetaTextbook of Pediatric Radiology (http://www. vh.org/Providers/TeachingFiles/MetatextbookPedRad/MetaTBP edRad.html)--a catalog of pediatric radiology teaching file cases on the Internet; and (3) Paediapedia (http://www.vh. org/Providers/TeachingFiles/PAP/PAPHome.html)--an imaging encyclopedia of pediatric disease. The pediatric radiology digital library is curated regularly. RESULTS: Over 7 months, 223,689 pages of information were read and 26,972 images were viewed in the pediatric radiology digital library by 69,866 individual users, with 20% of the users from outside the United States. CONCLUSION: Creating a pediatric radiology digital library that identifies and organizes authoritative pediatric radiology information and makes it conveniently available can allow radiologists to use the Internet productively as a reference tool.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Restriction sites as identification tags for the gene catalog: a 2D gel model.

In our effort to collect, organize and assemble data from lymphocyte cDNA libraries, we assign DNA restriction sites collectively to the spots on two-dimensional (2D) gel patterns. In order to test the efficiency and reliability of such an approach, we have modeled the restriction analysis of cDNA libraries with a panel of restriction endonucleases. The work has two parts. In the first, we have chosen 255 proteins from the EMBL data base and determined whether or not their coding sequences contain restriction sites for the enzymes of our choice. In order to apply a sufficient discriminatory power we decided to use a relatively large number of cleaving enzymes with low and high cutting frequencies. In total, 13 restriction enzymes were chosen, which could distinguish 2(13) or 8192 different restriction site combinations. We have compiled a table in which the absence or presence of restriction sites yields a pattern of 'zeros' and 'ones'. Such a restriction pattern can be read as a binary number. The binary numbers with maximally 13 digits would uniquely assign each of the 255 proteins if the nucleotide sequences would be truly at random. As the restriction sites are not randomly distributed, the 'typing' does not yield a unique assignment. The choice of sequences was not random either. In fact, there are some human nucleotide sequences which possess the same cut number (the decimal equivalent of the binary number representing the restriction pattern). In spite of this redundancy, 141 coding sequences could uniquely be distinguished by the above treatment. In the second part of the project we have used the above mentioned coding sequences to prepare two-dimensional maps (plots of charge vs size) of the same kind as one obtains from experimental 2D gels and submitted such a map together with 13 maps of restriction enzyme treated populations to a computer image analysis. Ideally, one would expect results (cut numbers) congruent to those obtained in the first part of the work. In the modeled system we were confronted with 2D maps which closely resembled the experimental situation (e.g. some spots were close together and overlapping) and instances of incorrect spot detection yielding 'false cut numbers'. From 255 proteins we were able to assign unequivocally 161 proteins. To implement the model in an actual experiment we will perform the digestion with the restriction enzymes in duplicate, and only spots assigned the same cut number upon the two independent treatments will be considered as carrying a valid restriction tag.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1975

Library cooperation: wave of the future or ripple?

Little of the literature in library cooperation applies specifically to library service for the health sciences. Based on experience in and observations of the cooperation of health science libraries, this short lecture reviews aspects of general library cooperation, networks, and consortia. The effects on library operation of several cooperative activities are enumerated and cooperation management is discussed briefly.

Cataloging↗
PubMed1990

Serials standards work: the next frontier.

Serials, one of the more complicated areas of library technical endeavors, has lacked the benefit of standards for a long time. Even now, with standards beginning to be available, the majority of institutions are not working within standard serials formats. A survey to determine the use of serials standards in libraries was conducted in 1988 by the American Library Association, Resources and Technical Services Division, Serials Section, Committee to Study Serials Standards. In the spring of 1988 a survey was sent to a group encompassing the Association of Research Libraries members, CONSER participants, United States Newspaper Program participants, Microform Project libraries, and some vendors and librarians who attended the Committee meetings on a regular basis. The survey questionnaire assessed the current level of serials standards awareness of librarians and vendors. Topics included the type of serials systems used, standards relevant to serials control and union listing and whether or not they are implemented, types and levels of training staff received in the application of standards, benefits of the standards, and areas where standards are most needed.

Cataloging↗
PubMed1982

Appraisal and evaluation of the workshop instruction program for untrained health sciences library managers in Region VIII: 1976-1978.

A study was conducted to determine whether the basic skills workshop offered by the Midcontinental Regional Medical Library Program from 1976 through 1978 should be revised. Results indicated that a majority of workshop participants were library managers in hospitals with under 200 beds. Workshop attendance was most helpful in libraries where new services were initiated after the workshop, although existing services (particularly interlibrary loan) were noticeably improved. Cataloging was considered to be the most useful workshop topic by former participants. Increased emphasis on administrative functions and on the provision of reference services was recommended.

Libraries, Hospital↗
PubMed1995

Developing a health sciences library Gopher: more involved than meets the eye.

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the development of the Health Sciences Library Gopher at St. Louis University (SLU) Health Sciences Center. The authors will outline university criteria from the Office of Computing and Information Services, library selection criteria, bibliographical access, reference and instructional implications, data entry and maintenance, and the role of the library's Internet Committee. All libraries have been awed by the tremendous amount of resources available through the Internet; the challenge is to not be intimidated but to be innovative in designing systems that can present these resources to the library client in the most easily understandable approaches possible. The Internet Committee in the SLU Health Sciences Center Library has designed a framework for the construction of "menus" to lead the client to selected Internet resources. Some of the issues confronted include relating the Internet resources to the library's Collection Development Policy, coordination of Internet resources to other bibliographic sources (Journal Holdings List, Intelligent Catalog), and educating staff and clients to manage a wide range of new resources as well as traditional ones in electronic formats.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1975

Building a medical history collection.

The importance of a clearly defined policy for building a medical historical collection is stressed in relation to the type of library and to the financial possibilities for building the collection and for the proper housing, preservation, servicing, and bibliographic control of such a collection.

Book Collecting↗
PubMed2002

Grouping and identification of sequence tags (GRIST): bioinformatics tools for the NEIBank database.

NEIBank is a project to develop and organize genomics and bioinformatics resources for the eye. As part of this effort, tools have been developed for bioinformatics analysis and web based display of data from expressed sequence tag (EST) analyses. EST sequences are identified and formed into groups or clusters representing related transcripts from the same gene. This is carried out by a rules-based procedure called GRIST (GRouping and Identification of Sequence Tags) that uses sequence match parameters derived from BLAST programs. Linked procedures are used to eliminate non-mRNA contaminants. All data are assembled in a relational database and assembled for display as web pages with annotations and links to other informatics resources. Genome projects generate huge amounts of data that need to be classified and organized to become easily accessible to the research community. GRIST provides a useful tool for assembling and displaying the results of EST analyses. The NEIBank web site contains a growing set of pages cataloging the known transcriptional repertoire of eye tissues, derived from new NEIBank cDNA libraries and from eye-related data deposited in the dbEST section of GenBank.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Microcephaly: general considerations and aids to nosology.

Microcephaly is defined as an occipito-frontal head circumference (OFC) 2 or more standard deviations below the mean for age and sex using the new Roche et al. [Pediatrics 1987;79:706-712] charts, and corrected for parental OFC by the method of Weaver and Christian [J Pediatr 1980;96:990-994]. "Relative" microcephaly, i.e., a small head on a small child, may be associated with a much better intellectual prognosis than absolute microcephaly, although the average IQ of children with absolute microcephaly ascertained in a normal school system is normal when compared with that of appropriate control children. "Primary" microcephaly means an abnormal OFC at birth (corrected for gestational age and length), and "secondary" microcephaly a normal birth OFC with later, acquired microcephaly due to deceleration of brain growth reflecting infection, trauma, intoxication, metabolic disease, the Rett syndrome, or a true CNS degenerative disease. Some cases of syndromal microcephaly may be associated with normal intelligence including some "primordial dwarfs," children with Dubowitz syndrome, FAS, mild SC-Roberts syndrome, and an occasional Brachmann-de Lange individual. The nosology of (syndromal) microcephaly is extraordinarily complex and requires the assistance of special library resources and information retrieval expertise. At a minimum, it requires McKusick's Catalog of Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM); however, we find that our work is greatly enhanced by recently developed electronic databases such as MIM-online (OMIM), POSSUM, SYNDROME, and MEDLINE, as well. Three groups of syndromal and non-syndromal microcephaly are discussed selectively in order to illustrate the marvels of pleiotropy in human development and its abnormalities and the difficulties encountered in splitting and lumping entities with overlapping manifestations.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗