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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

MULTIPRED: a computational system for prediction of promiscuous HLA binding peptides.

MULTIPRED is a web-based computational system for the prediction of peptide binding to multiple molecules (proteins) belonging to human leukocyte antigens (HLA) class I A2, A3 and class II DR supertypes. It uses hidden Markov models and artificial neural network methods as predictive engines. A novel data representation method enables MULTIPRED to predict peptides that promiscuously bind multiple HLA alleles within one HLA supertype. Extensive testing was performed for validation of the prediction models. Testing results show that MULTIPRED is both sensitive and specific and it has good predictive ability (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve A(ROC) > 0.80). MULTIPRED can be used for the mapping of promiscuous T-cell epitopes as well as the regions of high concentration of these targets--termed T-cell epitope hotspots. MULTIPRED is available at http://antigen.i2r.a-star.edu.sg/multipred/.

Computational Biology↗
PubMed1982

An integrated mini-computer system for the automatic control of pharmacological experiments and calculation of results.

A mini-computer system for the automation of pharmacological experiments and for the calculation, printing and storing of results is described. A link between the 1) control unit which powers the pumps, valves, etc., and 2) the computer which processes the digital data allows the synchronization of data collection with the time course of the experiment. Thus results may be immediately expressed in absolute (i.e. stimulus-induced change in tension, etc.) or relative (i.e. % change in response due to drug administration) terms.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Accuracy of diagnosis of psychosis on general practice computer system.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the accuracy of diagnoses of schizophrenia and non-affective psychosis entered by general practitioners on a computer system. To compare recording of clinical events on computer with written records. DESIGN: Examination of case notes of all patients with a computer diagnosis of psychosis. Search of 8000 randomly selected patient records to identify patients with psychosis not recorded on computer and comparison of 141 computer and written entries for prescribing and consultation in each practice. SETTING: 13 London practices on the VAMP research bank. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Accuracy of record of psychosis compared with ICD 9, American Psychiatric Association diagnostic manual, and syndrome checklist criteria. RESULTS: Computer search revealed 102 patients with schizophrenia, 78 with other psychoses, and 71 with non-affective psychosis who had adequate case notes. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of the computer diagnosis of schizophrenia were 88% (95% confidence interval 62% to 98%) and 71% (48% to 88%). For all non-organic psychoses sensitivity was 91% (74% to 97%) and positive predictive value was 91% (74% to 98%). On average 95% of all known prescriptions and 74% of all consultations were recorded on computer compared with 42% and 75% in written records. CONCLUSIONS: Recording of psychotic illness on the VAMP computer is accurate and complete. Prescribing was more fully recorded on the computer than on the written records. Computer databases of well motivated general practitioners could be used for research.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed2002

Picture archiving and computing systems: the key to enterprise digital imaging.

The utopian view of the electronic medical record includes the digital transformation of all aspects of patient information. Historically, imagery from the radiology, cardiology, ophthalmology, and pathology departments, as well as the emergency room, has been a morass of paper, film, and other media, isolated within each department's system architecture. In answer to this dilemma, picture archiving and computing systems have become the focal point of efforts to create a single platform for the collection, storage, and distribution of clinical imagery throughout the health care enterprise.

Decision Making, Organizational↗
PubMed1995

A computer system for epidemiological surveillance.

In epidemiological surveillance, it is imperative that any unusual increase in reported cases be detected as quickly as possible. In the surveillance unit at "Pedro Kourí," it was necessary to create a computer system for the surveillance of transmissible diseases in order to manage such variables as morbidity, mortality, and the circulation of causal agents. As usage flexibility is a fundamental requirement, we developed VIGILA as a system readily adaptable to any level of the country's health organizations (national, provincial, or municipal). VIGILA permits the storage, validation, and statistical analysis of morbidity and mortality data, and it also allows the user to apply these features to causal agent information. These manipulations are all performed in the context of a specific transmissible disease. The stored information can be displayed in different types of statistical formats, such as calculated rates, accumulates and medians. The user can also design his/her own tables for display. In addition, the program offers graphics that depict the endemic forecast for a specific region and age group. Reliable forecasts based on temporal models of an epidemiological indicator are necessary for the prediction of the non-epidemic indicator and for the elaboration of an alert threshold. The endemic forecast or endemic channel is calculated by means of a modified version of R. Serfling's model [1] which adapts to data series with stationary characteristics. In this case, the model is fixed for the medical attention protocol and the circulation of agents of a specific transmissible disease. The parameters of the model are estimated by the least square method. The confidence limits are calculated with the T-Student distribution [2]. To enter information about a specific disease and level of health concern, the user must define the disease under analysis, the principal territory under surveillance and its dependencies, the causal agents of the disease, and the frequency with which the disease is reported. This system stores the number of cases (morbidity) and death (mortality) that occurred in the territories and age groups defined during entry. To facilitate the calculation of morbidity and mortality rates, information pertaining to the number of territory habitants and their age groups is also stored. The laboratory data includes the number of analyzed samples in the territories and age groups defined in the data entry, and the samples that were positive to the defined agents. Among the principal uses of the system are: calculation of cumulative cases, rates, and cumulative rates for the specific period of analysis, territory, and age group; comparison of these health indicators with the previous year's indicators or with the median of the previous years' indicators' calculation of the endemic forecast that permits the user to observe the epidemiological situation by territories and age groups; and the early detection of an increase in disease occurrence. The system also offers a geographical representation of the epidemiological situation in the territories, showing a map with the evaluation of each territory with respect to four possible risk factors. VIGILA is available in both DOS and WINDOWS 3.1 formats. This system allows the evaluation of the situation at a specific point in time in the analyzed territories, and may alert the infection control team to an epidemic early enough to allow implementation of control measures.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1980

Interfacing clinical laboratory instruments with a computer system.

This paper describes a number of methods of interfacing clinical laboratory instruments with a computer system. The instrument interface portion of the Laboratory Data Acquisition System, an IBM Installed User Program, is described, as is the use of the IBM 7406 Device Coupler. Emphasis is placed on establishing a standard interface for all new instruments. A method of adding the standard interface to older instruments using the IBM 7406 Device Coupler is discussed.

Computers↗
PubMed1992

Choosing a computer system.

If you can set aside the intense marketing and the appealing gadgetry that surround computer systems, you will still be left with a complex and challenging set of choices. Investigate the hardware and software carefully, certainly, but pay especially close attention to the quality of the people involved, from the consultants to the vendors. Be as skeptical and cautious as any good customer, and make your decisions as though the future of your practice depended on it.

Microcomputers↗
PubMed1977

A computer system for on-line decoding of ultrasonic Doppler signals from blood flow measurement.

This work describes a computer system which may be used for analyzing Doppler signals obtained when measuring the blood velocity. The computer operates on-line, and the velocity components in the blood vessel are obtainedin real-time. The mean velocity and the relative velocity distribution is calculated from the velocity spectrum. Measurements taken from a femoral artery are shown.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1999

Design and implementation of computational systems based on programmed mutagenesis.

In a new system for DNA computation called programmed mutagenesis, DNA strands are rewritten according to 'rules' that are sequence specific. In a programmed mutagenesis reaction DNA sequences undergo programmed changes, and these changes are implemented by an in-vitro mutagenesis system that is based on thermal cycling the rewriting reaction. We describe experimental results that demonstrate the key aspects of programmed mutagenesis. These results include the creation of full-length product DNA molecules that have embedded rewriting, the ability for later sequence changes to depend on earlier sequence changes, and the ability for multiple oligonucleotides to be active in close proximity on a template sequence. We also discuss the application of programmed mutagenesis to computational problems.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

A computer system for coding occupation.

BACKGROUND: Occupation information is widely used in epidemiologic studies and is collected on most death certificates and many birth certificates in the United States. Coding the massive amount of occupation information collected has been a challenge. METHODS: A simple word-matching computer program to code occupation entries from vital records was developed. The accuracy of the program was evaluated by comparing its output to codes assigned by human coders. RESULTS: In routine use in the Washington State Department of Health (DOH), the computer system codes 96-97% of the occupation entries on birth and death records. It assigned the correct code on 89% (95% confidence interval (87%, 91%)) of the records it coded. CONCLUSIONS: The occupation-coding program is both efficient and accurate and can simplify the process of coding occupation entries from vital records. The system is adaptable and can be modified to use occupation classifications other than the one used by DOH.

Birth Certificates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A computer system applying the face method to represent multiphasic tests.

The results of medical examinations have recently become multiphasic with few exceptions, and various graphical methods exist to represent the results concisely. One of these graphical methods is reported here, utilizing a computer system for applying the so-called 'face method'. This displays the condition of an individual's health by erythrocyte count, leucocyte count, haemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, all the information being accessible via a database system. Only keywords are necessary to display faces representing the health condition. Graphical methods are useful for providing data features because they appeal to the eye. The face method is more practical than other graphical methods in that its features give easily recognizable indications. The face method can be utilized in various ways, for example in differential diagnosis of anaemia, and to comprehend time-based changes in an individual's health condition based on multiphasic tests.

Biometry↗
PubMed1982

[Questions of accuracy when using "not therapy-specific" computer systems for irradiation planning (author's transl)].

The conditions were examined under which little and medium computer systems not having been primarily developed for radiotherapy can be used in order to make sufficiently precise calculations of dose distributions. The adapted accuracy of the principal factors influencing the dose distribution renders possible a time-saving calculation of several dose distributions and a final calculation. By comparison with a reference calculation made as accurately as possible, the isodose curve shows only little deviations. The following factors were examined in order to find out an eventual influence exerted upon an isodose displacement: number of scan points in the cross-section, correction of the oblique ray incidence, inhomogeneities, dissociations of the rotation field. To our opinion, the isodose displacements found for a dose calculation with adapted accuracy are acceptable when related to influencing factors depending on the individual patients.

Computers↗
PubMed1985

Application of gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer-computer system to evaluation of 14C-labelled compounds.

Usefulness of gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer-computer system (GC-MS-CPU) not only for measurement of specific activities of 14C-labelled compounds in a mixture but also for evaluation of 14C-labelled compounds in terms of examining their purities and elucidating chemical structures of the impurities was proved. A sample of methyl 2-(p-chlorophenyl-14Cn)-3-methylbutylate (III) synthesized from p-chlorophenyl-14Cn-acetonitrile (VI) was analyzed by GC-MS-CPU, and it was found that the labelled compound was contaminated with a small amount of the corresponding m-isomer (IV) having a very high specific activity. Further examination suggested that the contaminating m-isomer (IV) originated from m-chlorophenyl-14Cn-acetonitrile (IX) which had already contaminated in the starting material (VI), and also that cyanomethylation of p-dichlorobenzene-14Cn (VIII) by benzene-type reaction resulted in producing a mixture of p- and m-chlorophenyl-14Cn-acetonitriles (VI, IX).

Carbon Radioisotopes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computer system "Gene Discovery" for searching for regularities in organization of eukaryotic regulatory sequences].

A method is proposed to automatically search for patterns in the mutual location of context signals in regulatory DNA sequences. The procedure is based on the methods of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery software, implemented in a computer system Gene Discovery. This system was used to study erythroid-specific promoters and promoters of the endocrine-system genes from TRRD. We detected some trends in occurrence and localization of specific oligonucleotide groups.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1977

A versatile computing system for sampling, manipulation and display of biological signals using high-level language.

A medium sized minicomputer system is presented as an attractive way of balancing the cost of computing equipment with that of programme development. A versatile circuit has been coupled to a computer system and programmes have been developed to control the functions of this circuit. With such a system it is possible for relatively untrained biological workers to use FORTRAN programming language to control sampling of analogue signals, manipulation of data and finally graphical presentation of results. The system is proposed for use both in anaesthetic research and in on-line monitoring of critically ill patients.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMed1978

Application and evaluation of limited mass monitoring with a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer computer system.

The technique of scanning a preselected set of ions employing a combined gas chromatography mass spectrometer computer system has been investigated to ascertain the advantages and disadvantages of such a procedure. This technique allows one to determine gas chromatographic retention data with with a high degree of precision and accuracy, in rapid temperature programming operation, due to shortening of the mas spectral scanning interval. Signal-to-noise ratio in ion abundance recordings can be enhanced by increasing the dwell time for as many as 100 ions without lenghtening the scanning interval. The utility of such an approach was demonstrated by analysis of complex mixtures isolated form human urine and cerebrospinal fluid.

Carboxylic Acids↗
PubMed2005

Comparison between monkey and human visual fields using a personal computer system.

To use monkeys as models for eye diseases that may lead to blindness, we need to develop a method to precisely measure its visual field and to understand similarities and differences in visual field properties between monkeys and humans. The visual field of monkey was not measured precisely although the necessity. We established a new system with personal computers for precise measurement of the monkey visual field. Four monkeys and three humans served as subjects. The luminance-contrast sensitivity of the central 24 degrees field was measured while the subject was fixating a small spot. During the measurement, we continuously recorded the eye position, and discarded the data when fixation was broken. Reliability indices demonstrated high and stable behavioral performance by both monkeys and humans. The luminance-contrast sensitivity was highest around the fovea, and declined as eccentricity increased. The blind spot was clearly detected 15 degrees temporally. The overall sensitivity was higher in humans than in monkeys and the sensitivity dropped more sharply in the periphery in monkeys than in humans. We recommend this system as a convenient and reliable way to measure visual functions in monkeys in basic ophthalmologic research or in assessment of the drug effects on the visual field.

Adult↗