SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Dander”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources

PubMed2001

Dog allergen in indoor air and dust during dog shows.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Dog dander is one of the most important indoor allergens in Nordic countries. Due to the population flow into cities, the number of dogs in urban areas has increased. Dog allergens can be found practically everywhere indoors. We measured allergen content in indoor air and dust during dog shows. RESULTS: In facilities used for dog shows, the dog allergen content was exceptionally high, up to 2,100,000 ng Can f 1/g dust, but it can be reduced by proper cleaning. The efficiency of cleaning will remain poor if furniture and textiles are not cleaned or the distribution of airborne allergen cannot be prevented. CONCLUSIONS: Dog shows should not be held in public facilities, such as schools, where a significant proportion of occupants are hypersensitive to dog allergens and may therefore suffer symptoms due to the exposure to dog dander.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗

PubMed2001

[Sensitization to cow and pig allergens among farmers in Eastern Poland].

The study aimed at assessing the frequency of sensitization to cow and pig allergens among farmers in Eastern Poland. Sixty eight farmers from 17 randomly selected family farms were examined. The study group included 30 females and 38 males, aged 18-84 years (median, 47 years), with exposure duration ranging from 1 to 80 years (median, 30 years). The farmers were interviewed and subsequently skin prick-tested with cow and swine epithelia. Blood samples were examined for the presence of IgE antibodies, specific to cow dander and swine epithelium, using enzyme immunoassay (UniCAP). None of the farmers complained of any symptoms when working with cows or pigs. In 13 farmers (19.1%) either positive skin pick test and/or the presence of IgE specific to cow and/or pig were found. Seven farmers (10.3%) reacted to skin prick tests: 2 to cow epithelium; 2 to pig epithelium; and 3 to both allergens. Specific IgE was also found in 7 farmers (10.3%): in 4 to cow dander; in 1 to cow epithelium; and in 2 to both allergens. There was a very weak correlation between skin tests and IgE determination; only one farmer showed positive reaction to cow allergens in both skin tests and IgE. Following the results of the previous and the present studies, it was concluded that in Poland the farm animal allergens are less important causes of work-related diseases than plant allergens.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[House-dust allergens. II. Correlations of intradermal reactions of house-dust extract and extract of "D. pteronyssinus"].

In a previous study we had found a high correlation between the positive reaction to standard house dust and to a mites pool extract of 0.86. The study had indicated that the dominant mite found in standard house dust in Barcelona seemed to be D. pteronyssinus. We wished to further confirm this finding by comparing skin reactions to an extract of this mite with skin reactions to the city's dust. A dust extract (HDS-B) was prepared according to the Spieksma technique in a proportion of W/V 1/10 and diluted to 1/1,000 with the liquid of the extract. Extracts of D. pteronyssinus were prepared with a culture medium (HDM), diluted to 1/1,000,000 and a control of thc culture medium at 1/100. A study was made of 56 children suffering from asthma due to house dust, their ages ranging from 4-14 years. 19 were eliminated due to positive reactions to the control. Among the remaining 37 a skin-reaction to histamine ratio was established. The correlation coefficient found was 0.91, which is significant at a level of P less than 0.001. It is also noteworthy that of the nineteen children (33.9%) who reacted to the control, 10 (17.85%) of them reacted positively with at least 2-3 crosses, which leads us to think that human dander may act as a lesser allergen. We therefore conclude that: 1. D. pteronyssinus is the principal source of allergen in domestic dust. 2. The precise role of human skin dander needs to be clarified.

Allergens↗

PubMed2004

Sensitization to common allergens, especially pollens, among children with respiratory allergy in the Trakya region of Turkey.

Asthma and allergic rhinitis are common problems in children and the causative pollen allergens vary according to the geographical area. The aim of this study was to investigate patterns of sensitization to common inhalant allergens, especially pollens, in Turkish children living in the Trakya region and to determine differences between rural and urban areas. Allergen skin testing was prospectively performed on 539 children aged between 4 and 17 years with respiratory allergy. The reaction was considered to be positive if the mean wheal diameter was at least 3 mm greater than that of the negative controls. We detected positive skin reactions in 420 (77.9%) children. Two hundred and eighty-one (52.1%) mite, 277 (51.4%) pollen, 174 (32.3%) mold, 65 (12.1%) animal dander, 12 (2.2%) cockroach and 6 (1.1%) latex skin sensitivities were detected. Among the pollen allergies 173 were cereal pollen (32.1%), 170 grass pollen (31.5%) and 144 tree pollen allergies (26.7%). The most common positive skin test among the pollens was to cultivated wheat (Titicum vulgare) (n = 116, 21,5%), followed by rye grass (Lolium perenne) and orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata). Positive skin reactions to Alternaria, to Candida albicans, and to all pollens except Ulmus competris, Pinus sylvetris, Platanus vulgaris and Tilia platyphyllos, were higher in children with allergic rhinitis than in those with asthma. In children from rural areas, allergic skin reactivity was found to be more common against Candida albicans, sheep dander and all pollens except Corylus avellana, Fraxinus excelsior, Populus alba, Pinus sylvetris, Platanus vulgaris and Chenopodium album, than in urban children. Although Trakya is close to Greece and other Mediterranean countries, this study suggests that the pollens, which sensitize children, are not similar.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Urban versus rural environment--any differences in aeroallergens sensitization in an allergic population of Cova da Beira, Portugal?

Cova da Beira is an interior central region of Portugal, with a population of 93000 inhabitants divided in urban and rural living areas. The aim of this study was to access the prevalence of aeroallergens sensitisation in an allergic population, according to the urban and the rural environmental exposure and according to age. 1096 patients observed for suspected allergic symptoms, for a five-year period (1995-2000) were submitted to skin prick tests and were included in this study. They were divided in two environmental exposure groups (A: urban; B: rural) and in to four age subgroups (subgroup I: < or = 10yr; subgroup II: 11-20yr; subgroup III: 21-40yr; subgroup IV: >40yr). The total population included 444 male (40.5%) and 652 female (59.4%) with an average age of 26.5 +/- 17.2 yr. 83% of the 1096 performed SPT were positive. The frequency of aeroallergens sensitisation, comparing the urban versus the rural environment, was respectively: D. pteronyssinus 32% and 34.7%, D. farinae 28.5% and 30.7%, moulds mixture 15.3% and 12%, cat dander 17.1% and 15.2%, dog dander 11% and 10%, grasses mixture 51.3% and 36.4%, Parietaria judaica 29.4% and 14%, Olea europea 30.2% and 23.3%. The sensitisation to indoor aeroallergens, was similar in all the age subgroups and it was lower than that to pollens. There were important differences concerning the pollen sensitisation, when comparing the urban and the rural environmental exposure. We admit that pollution could enhance the sensitisation to pollens in the urban environment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Sensitization to horse allergens without apparent exposure to horse. Report of two cases.

It has been well established that occupational exposure to horses increases the risk of allergic sensitization to horse hair, on the contrary very few data have been published in individuals without direct contact with horses. We describe two cases of severe respiratory symptoms triggered by a single direct exposure in two patients with only 4-5 previous short contacts with horses during the entire their life, since they live in urban area of Naples. Cutaneous and serological diagnostic tests showed significant sensitization to horse dander other than some common inhalant allergens. Our report suggests that, in already (but unaware) horse-sensitized patients, the last direct contact with a horse has triggered severe respiratory symptoms. Passive carriage of horse allergen by the clothes of individuals in contact with horses/horse environments or a cross-reactivity between horse allergen (a lipocalin) and the major allergens (also lipocalins) of several furred animals are likely to explain our findings. Some other considerations can be derived by the clinical observation. First, it is likely that allergic sensitization to horse allergens could be more frequent than expected also in subjects without direct exposure to horse because of living in urban areas. Secondly, individuals suspected to be highly atopic or those already sensitized to some pet dander should be tested by SPTs/radio-allergo-sorbent test before the introduction of a pet indoors or, in the case of a big animal as the horse, a direct horse contact/entering into environments containing a horse.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

House dust mites, our intimate associates.

House dust mites have lived in human contact from time immemorial. Human dander or dead skin constitutes the major organic component of the house dust ecosystem. Because the mites feed on dander, dust mites and human association will continue to co-exist as part of our environment. Efficient house-keeping practice is the best form of control to reduce infestation. However, special precautions are important when individuals are susceptible or sensitive to dust mites. House dust mites are responsible for causing asthma, rhinitis and contact dermatitis. The respiratory allergies are caused by the inhalation of dead or live mites, their faecal matter or other byproducts. Immune factors are of paramount importance in the development of dust related or mite induced respiratory diseases. House dust mites were found in some 1,000 samples of dust taken from approximately 330 dwellings in Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Mattresses, carpets, corners of a bedroom, and floor beneath the bed are favourable dust mite habitats. The incriminating species based on studies here and elsewhere, as well as many other species of dust mites of unknown etiological importance are widely distributed in Malaysian homes. Density of dust mites in Malaysia and Singapore is greater than in temperate countries. Prevention and control measures with reference to subjects sensitive to dust mite allergies, including chemical control described in studies conducted in Europe and America are discussed. However, a cost free and most practical way to remove mites, their faecal matter and other products is to resort to sunning the bedding and carpets to kill the living mites, and then beaten and brushed to remove the dust and other components.

Allergens↗

PubMed2006

[An epidemiologic study on prevalence of allergen-specific IgE antibodies in school children living in rural area of Saitama Prefecture, Japan].

BACKGROUND: In order to estimate the sensitization to inhalant allergen in childhood, prevalence of allergen-specific IgE antibodies was retrospectively surveyed on sera from school children aged from 9 to 15 living in rural area of Saitama prefecture, Japan, in 2001 and five years ago from 2001 (1996). METHODS: Allergen-specific IgE antibodies against Japanese cedar pollen (JCP), ragweed, sweet vernal grass, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), house dust (HD) and cat dander were examined on sera from 79 school children aged from 9 to 11 (group A) and 119 school children aged from 12 to 15 (group B) collected in 2001, and sera from 117 school children aged from 9 to 11 and 56 school children aged from 12 to 15 collected in 1996. Furthermore, a questionnaire survey about diagnosis of any allergic diseases and symptoms associated with the diseases was conducted on the same subjects in 2001. RESULTS: On the survey from school children, group A and B, collected in 2001, percentage of positive cases for allergen-specific IgE antibodies against any of 6 allergens were 49 in both of the groups for JCP, 10 and 12 for ragweed, 18 and 19 for sweet vernal grass, 39 in both of the groups for Dp, 42 in both of the groups for HD, 23 and 14 for cat dander, respectively. On the survey from school children collected in 1996, there is no significant difference from the percentage of positive cases for allergen-specific IgE antibodies against each allergen in 2001. Among the subjects followed-up on the survey in both of the years, the percentage of positive cases for allergen-specific IgE antibodies against each of six allergens on the survey in 2001 increased as compared with those in 1996. As a result of questionnaire survey in 2001, percentage (70: group A, 89: group B) of positive cases for allergen-specific IgE antibodies against any 6 allergens in the subjects with any symptoms associated with allergic diseases, but not diagnosed, was significantly higher than the percentage (34: group A, 48: group B) of that in the subjects without any symptoms associated with the diseases. CONCLUSION: Further prospective study is required to clarify a cause of allergic diseases in childhood, and it should be taken precautionary measures during childhood against sensitization with inhalant allergen to prevent allergic diseases in surveyed area.

Allergens↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution of allergens in children with different atopic disorders in central Taiwan.

Allergic disorders, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema, are the most common chronic childhood diseases. Exposure to house dust mites (HDMs) can exacerbate allergic disorders in sensitized individuals. The data for sensitization to HDMs and other frequent allergens amongst atopic children in Taiwan is limited. We studied 498 children (aged 2-16 years) with atopy in central Taiwan with CAP testing (Cationic Antimicrobial Protein system). Our results revealed a high prevalence of sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) (90.2%), Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) (88.2%), Dermatophagoides microceras (Der m) (79.5%), and Blomia tropicalis (Blo t) (76.7%) amongst the children. In contrast to HDM, the sensitization rates for other aeroallergens including cockroaches, dog dander, cat dander, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium notatum were not common among the study children. With respect to age, inhaled allergen sensitization predominated in older children, whereas the inverse occurred with food allergens. In addition, a relatively higher proportion of co-sensitization between Der m and the other three antigens, including Der p, Der f, Blo t was found. Our results suggest that HDMs, including Der p, Der f, Der m, and Blo t allergens, act as important inducers of symptoms in Taiwanese allergic children.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Buckwheat anaphylaxis: an unusual allergen in Taiwan.

IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to buckwheat is common in Korea, Japan, and some other Asian countries. However, buckwheat is not a common allergen in Taiwan. We report a woman with asthma who had anaphylactic shock, generalized urticaria, and an acute exacerbation of asthma five minutes after ingesting buckwheat. The patient underwent skin prick and Pharmacia CAP testing (Uppsala, Sweden) for specific IgE to buckwheat, white sesame and soybean as well as other common allergens in Taiwan including Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), D. farinae (Df), cat and dog dander, cockroach, egg white, cow milk and codfish. The patient had a strongly positive skin prick test response to buckwheat and positive reactions to Dp and latex. Specific IgE results were class 6 for buckwheat, class 4 for Dp and Df, and class 2 for dog dander, wheat, sesame and soybean. Results of an open food challenge with white sesame and soybean were negative. Although buckwheat is a rare allergen in Taiwan, it can cause extremely serious reactions and should be considered in patients presenting with anaphylaxis after exposure to buckwheat.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Skin sensitivity to respiratory allergens in agricultural workers and wage-earners].

Prick tests were performed with "pneumallergerns" (mites, cereal dusts, animal dander, pollens, moulds--totalling 35 allergens) among 742 agricultural workers of the Meuse department (North East of France) as part of an epidemiological study on respiratory and immuno-allergological problems. Among those with positive skin tests, 47.9% had positive skin tests for mites, 22.4% for cereal dusts, 10.7% for animals, 12.7% for pollens and 7.8% for moulds. Polysensitization was frequent (19.5% of the population). When the skin test was positive for main house dust mites it frequently was positive for storage mites, too. Among vegetal dusts sensitization, soy bean allergy yielded the highest frequency (6.5%). As for animal sensitization, cow dander was the most frequently observed positive test. Sensitization to pollens and moulds was comparatively rare. This study shows the large frequency and diversity of "latent allergy" to pneumallergens among agricultural workers.

Agriculture↗

PubMed1991

[Comparison of RAST with an immunoenzyme method in simultaneous determination of IgE specific for numerous air allergens].

Recently, a new immunoenzymatic test (Allergy Screen Profile, ASP) has been proposed for the simultaneous determination of IgE specific for five inhaled allergens (Dermatophagoides, animal dander, trees, grass pollen and Parietaria). For evaluation of this test we compared the results obtained in twenty-seven patients suffering from respiratory allergy with RAST with those obtained using the new test. In 84.3% of cases there was positive concordance between the two tests. The specificity of ASP ranged from 71.4% to 100% and the sensitivity from 76.9% to 95.2% for the different allergens examined. A good correlation between ASP and RAST was particularly evident for Dermatophagoides, animal dander and trees. Therefore, ASP appears to be a suitable test for the simultaneous determination of IgE specific for different allergens.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[The significance of individual inhalation allergens in the sensitization of children with respiratory allergy].

Four hundred children were skin tested with following allergens: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, moulds, animal dander (mixture of dog, cat, sheep and horse dander), tree pollens, weed pollen (Ambrosia artemisifolia), and six grass pollens, as well as three nutritive allergens in children less than three years of age. Results demonstrated that in 200 children with perenial rhinitis and/or asthma. Dermatophagoides gave positive results in over 90%. In 200 children with pollen allergy, grasses were major allergens, and among them Timothy (Phleum pratense) gave over 90% of positive results. It is to be concluded than skin testing with many inhalatory allergens is not necessary in patients with typical clinical picture. Skin test with Dermatophagoides and Timothy should be done, and further evaluation taken into consideration only if these are negative.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Sensitization to storage mites and other work-related and common allergens among Finnish dairy farmers.

Skin-tests with the prick technique were made on 121 dairy farmers with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma (symptomatic subjects), 64 dairy farmers without respiratory symptoms (asymptomatic subjects), and 26 non-farming controls. The antigen panel consisted of the storage mites Acarus siro, Lepidoglyphus destructor, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae, as well as other work-related allergens (cereal grains, animal epithelia, fungi and yeasts), and common allergens (house dust mite, pollens). Mean areas of weals formed by individual allergens were adjusted by analysis of covariance for age, sex, and atopic background (past or present atopic dermatitis including infantile eczema). Adjusted mean weal areas for almost all allergens, except pollens and few other allergens, were significantly larger in farmers than in non-farming controls. In contrast, only skin reactions to cow dander, to a non-dialyzed crude preparation of fodder yeast Candida utilis, and to Candida albicans distinguished symptomatic subjects from asymptomatic ones. Stepwise discriminant analysis, in which reactions to all allergens as well as age, sex, and atopy were taken into account simultaneously, revealed that reactions to a dialysed preparation of fodder yeast best distinguished symptomatic farmers from asymptomatic ones. C. utilis and C. albicans may be cross-reactive. The results imply that skin tests alone are of limited value in the search for work-related causes of rhinitis or asthma among dairy farmers. Our study confirms the importance of cow dander as an occupational allergen in dairy farming. Fodder yeast seems to be another important occupational sensitizer.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗

PubMed1983

Variation with time in bronchial responsiveness to histamine and to specific allergen provocation.

In a previous study 30 asthmatic children with positive skin tests to cat dander, had bronchial challenge tests with histamine and antigen, quantitative skin tests with cat dander, and measurements of serum-specific IgE concentrations (first study). When bronchial responsiveness (BR) was found to be changed in the course of a follow-up period, these patients (4 had a decrease and 4 an increase in BR), as well as 2 patients with an unchanged BR, were restudied (second study). An increase in BR was associated with a change from a negative to a positive reaction to the inhalation of allergen. The patients in whom BR decreased, showed a less severe inhalation reaction to allergen in the second than in the first study. The inhalation reaction was not changed in the patients with an unchanged BR. The variation of allergen-induced bronchial obstruction could not be related to a change in sensitization to the allergen or in the baseline lung function, and is, thus, probably associated with the variation in BR.

Allergens↗

PubMed1984

Immunotherapy in allergy to dog: a double-blind clinical study.

Twenty-seven asthmatic children allergic to dog were included in the study. Their allergy to dog was confirmed by positive results from the skin prick, radioallergosorbent and provocation tests. The subjects were randomly assigned to active and placebo groups. Fifteen subjects received immunotherapy with a commercial standardized aluminum hydroxide-bound dog dander extract and 12 subjects received placebo injections containing histamine. After one year's therapy the conjunctival sensitivity to dog dander extract had decreased significantly (p less than 0.001) in the active treatment group compared to the placebo group. The hyposensitization effect was already observable after six to eight months of treatment. The decrease in bronchial sensitivity was less marked than that in conjunctival sensitivity and statistically not significant. Immunotherapy was observed to be safe and effective. No systemic adverse reactions occurred and local reactions were mild.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1981

Variation in potency of extracts used for allergy skin tests.

Extracts of 11 common inhalant allergens, produced by three different commercial suppliers, were compared by the skin prick test (SPT) in 21 atopic subjects. Good correlation was found between the three brands for positive reactions to grass pollens and English plantain pollen. Eighteen subjects with clinical sensitivity to house dust had diagnostically positive reactions to two of the house dust mite extracts, the third preparation produced no reactions that would be considered as diagnostically significant by the usual criteria. The extracts of house dust mixtures possessed little biological activity and were considered unsatisfactory for accurate diagnostic purposes. One of the three extracts of dog hair and dander produced false positive results in 17 of 21 subjects. The variability of reactions to fungi and animal hair and dander is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Prevalence of immediate allergy to respiratory allergens in fodder farmers in Doubs].

The Doubs is a damp, semi-mountainous fodder farming department in which occupational respiratory diseases (including asthma) are common in farmers. We studied the prevalence of IgE-mediated allergy (total IgE, Phadiatop and skin prick tests) in a group of 265 exclusive dairy farmers of both sexes of the department and in a control group of non exposed, administrative workers living in the same area. Skin prick tests were: Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Acarus siro, cat hair, cow danders, grass pollens, betullacea pollens (trees from the East of France), and hay extracts from the Doubs. Total IgE were higher than 180 KUI/l in 26 (9.9%) farmers and in 15 (10.5%) controls (NS). Phadiatop was positive in 41 (15.7%) farmers and in 27 (19%) controls (NS). Prevalence of positive skin prick tests (at least one) in farmers and controls was respectively 36% and 40% (NS). Farmers were more frequently sensitized to hay extracts (OR = 1.7), cow danders (OR = 1.3) and less frequently to cat hair (OR = 0.63) than controls but the differences were not statistically significant. In conclusion, this study fails to give evidence of a risk of IgE-mediated allergy to work-related and other common inhalation allergens in dairy farmers the Doubs.

Adult↗