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Results for “Decalcification, Pathologic”

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PubMed1981

[Infra-radiographic decalcifying algodystrophy of the lower limb].

The authors have only reported cases responding to the following criteria: A) necessarily: 1) Clinical appearance of algodystrophy. 2) Intense hyperfixation of the bone scan. 3) X rays repeated a sufficient number of times always normal and submitted to the judgement of six rheumatologists not forewarned, to eliminate the subjective factor in the diagnosis of normality. 4) Clinical cure within the usual period. 5) Return to normal of the bone scan. B) Eventually: 6) Proved decalcifying algodystrophy from another joint site in the past history. 7) Histological appearance compatible with algodystrophy on bone biopsy. Four cases are presented (hip one case, knee two cases, ankle one case) which fulfill the five necessary criteria. The course seems shorter than in the classical decalcifying forms: 2 months instead of 4 1/2 months on average for the hip; 5 months instead of 7 months on average for the knee; 5 months instead of 12 months on average for the foot. This short course is in favour of the theory of early and rapid reconstructive bone changes, which do not leave the algodystrophy the time to demineralise the bone more than 30 to 50% which is the time necessary for the increased radiographic bone transparency to become clear.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Paget's disease and surgery].

Paget's disease may in some cases require recourse to surgery: (1) Fractures of bones in patients with the disease mend normally but slowly. Orthopaedic treatment is satisfactory, except for the femur where osteosynthesis is necessary. (2) Severe deformation of the lower limbs should be corrected by osteotomy when it is responsible for serious disablement. With a simple and sure technique functional improvement can be assured. (3) Coxopathy associated with Paget's disease sometimes involves sufficient invalidity to justify total arthroplasty. (4) Malignant degeneration, usually determined by biopsy, is beyond any therapeutic treatment.

Arthroplasty↗
PubMed1993

[Bone demineralization and elevation of serum osteocalcin concentrations in young children with hyperthyroidism].

Bone mineralization and serum osteocalcin level were evaluated in 15 children with Grave's disease. Two groups were constituted according to the presence (group I: n = 9) or absence (group II: n = 6) of a severe bone demineralization. A spontaneous fracture and a collapsed vertebra were found in one group I patient. Patients in group I were younger than in group II (8.3 +/- 4.9 vs 11.5 +/- 4.3 yrs). One patient in group II and six in group I were prepubertal with advanced bone age and increased growth velocity. Osteocalcin measurement (Oc) was performed in 10 patients (group I: n = 6; group II: n = 4) at the time of biological hyperthyroidism. The six patients with bone demineralization had elevated Oc levels. In group II, two patients had normal Oc levels and two had elevated Oc levels. In treated patients with good control of hyperthyroidism, all group II patients except one, had normal serum Oc levels and bone mineralization remain normal (n = 5) after 0.6 to 4.6 yrs of follow-up. In group I patients, although height velocity was normal, elevated (n = 4) or slightly elevated (n = 1) serum Oc levels and severe bone demineralization (n = 7 cases) persisted after 0.5 to 3 yrs of good control of the hyperthyroidism. Although the method used for measuring bone mineralization is potentially less precise than bone densitometry and not all the patients had serum osteocalcin measurements at the same time of the illness, our results emphasize that skeletal demineralization may be particularly marked in young children with Grave's disease and should be carefully evaluated.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1977

Physical and psychological complications after intestinal bypass for obesity.

Cognitive changes, depression, arthralgia and dermatitis developed in a 33-year-old woman 5 years after a jejunoileal shunt for massive obesity, The dermatitis and low serum carotene and vitamin C values suggested vitamin deficiencies, The serum magnesium concentration also was low. Vitamin and mineral replacement led to amelioration of the physical and psychological symptoms; the improvement has been maintained at 18-month follow-up. The favourable changes were documented with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and test performance ratings. It is concluded that the surgical procedure caused vitamin and magnesium deficiencies and that these resulted in the patient's symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Isolated decalcifying algodystrophy of the hip].

Transitory demineralization of the hip, a special form of reflex sympathetic dystrophy, is a rare condition. It should however be distinguished from more severe conditions such as tuberculosis or neoplastic bone disease. The typical symptoms are illustrated from 3 personally observed cases. The patients, usually men between the ages of 30 and 50 years or women in the last months of pregnancy, suffer severe mechanical pain in the hip, with limping and weakness. They usually need crutches for walking. Clinical examination of the hip reveals only slight restriction of passive movements. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate may be slightly elevated. Bone scan discloses hypercaptation, while other laboratory tests are negative. A few weeks after onset of symptoms, pelvic X-rays show extreme demineralization of the femoral head. On the other hand, the joint space and bony contours remain intact. The prognosis is excellent and the symptoms disappear after a few months or after delivery.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1989

Histochemical detection of osteocalcin in normal and pathological human bone.

We investigated the immunohistochemical localization of osteocalcin in demineralized, paraffin-embedded normal and pathological human bone. Acid decalcification protocols appeared to be more suitable for osteocalcin detection than mild chelating agents. In normal lamellar bone, osteocalcin was detected in osteocytes and along the lamellar bone matrix in fine granular deposits. Under pathological conditions (osteomyelitis, neoplasia), appositional bone showed immunoreactivity in osteoblasts and osteocytes but not in the provisory woven bone matrix. Intense immunoreactivity could be seen at the cell borders of osteoclasts and the bone margins of Howship lacunae. In primary bone-forming tumors, osteocalcin immunoreactivity was detected in osteoblasts and their malignant counterparts. On the basis of these results, we conclude that optimal preservation of osteocalcin is obtained through mild acid decalcifiers. Osteocalcin is deposited in bone matrix, especially that of metabolically inactive bone. In neoplasms, osteocalcin could be a marker of osteoblastic differentiation.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Update on intraoperative analysis of mandibular margins.

PURPOSE: Assessing the adequacy of the surgical resection during composite resection of carcinoma is limited by the ability to evaluate the bone margins. The standard pathologic evaluation of bone is by decalcification. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A method of analysis was devised based on histologically proven methods of cortical invasion and subsequent spread. Frozen-section analysis of cancellous bone was investigated as a rapid method of evaluating adequacy of the mandibular resection. This report is an update of previously published results and includes an increase in the sample size as well as the analysis of additional pathology. Subjects consisted of 66 patients undergoing full thickness mandibular resection with 30 cases of histologically proven mandibular invasion qualifying for evaluation. Results on frozen section were then compared to the permanent section analysis on the cancellous bone and to the decalcified specimen. RESULTS: Complete correlation was found between frozen and permanent section results. Frozen section analysis was able to correctly predict adequacy of resection in 60 of 61 margins. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, the oncologic surgeon can evaluate bone margins at the time of the resection and adjust the amount of excision required to eradicate the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Rapid analysis of mandibular margins.

Evaluating surgical margins during composite resection of carcinoma is limited by analysis of the bone margins. The standard pathologic evaluation of bone is by decalcification. A method of analysis was devised based on histologically proven methods of cortical invasion and subsequent spread. Frozen section analysis (FSA) of the cancellous bone was investigated as a rapid method of evaluating adequacy of the mandibular resection. Subjects consisted of 29 patients undergoing full-thickness mandibular resection, with 16 cases of histologically proven mandibular invasion qualifying for evaluation. Results of FSA were then compared to the permanent section analysis of the cancellous bone and to the decalcified specimen. Complete correlation was found between frozen and permanent section results. Frozen section analysis was able to correctly predict adequacy of resection in 32 (97%) of 33 margins.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1986

Effects of decalcification on immunoperoxidase staining.

One of the limitations of immunoperoxidase methods applied in surgical pathology is the loss of immunoreactivity during fixation and processing. In this study, the effects of decalcification on the immunoreactivity of various antigens in formalin fixed tissues were examined. The pieces of fixed tissue were placed in four different decalcifying solutions (EDTA, formic acid, nitric acid, and Plank-Rychlo solution) for various time periods and then processed routinely and embedded in paraffin. The paraffin sections of the tissues were stained with immunoperoxidase methods for immunoglobulins, hormones, or tissue/tumor-specific markers. Sections of nondecalcified tissues were used as a control. The immunohistochemical staining intensity and the number of positive cells were not reduced significantly in decalcified tissues within the usual time period of routine decalcification procedures. Many antigens survived even prolonged decalcification. The results of this study indicate that routinely decalcified tissues can be used for immunoperoxidase staining without significant loss of immunoreactivity.

Decalcification Technique↗
PubMed1987

Effect of decalcification agents on immunoreactivity of cellular antigens.

The effects of several strong acids, weak acids, a proprietary decalcifier, and edetic acid on the immunohistochemical staining of cryostat and fixed paraffin embedded sections of tissue from a variety of normal and pathological calcified and uncalcified specimens were studied. Even decalcification in strong acids (HCl, HN03, 5% trichloracetic acid, HCl-edetic acid did not diminish the reactivity of many useful antigens (including leucocyte common antigen, intermediate filaments, S100 protein and epithelial membrane antigen). Weaker acids (formic acid, acetic acid) and edetic acid decalcified more slowly and generally showed greater preservation of antigenic reactivity with better morphology and staining quality. Trichloracetic acid was also useful as a quick one step fixation and decalcifying agent for both cryostat and routinely processed sections. Knowledge of the preservation of antigenic reactivity in decalcified tissue will be useful in the diagnosis of tumours of uncertain histogenesis and origin which affect calcified tissues.

Acids↗