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Results for “FOLIC ACID ANTAGONISTS”

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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The deoxyuridine suppression test.

The deoxyuridine suppression (dU) test, first described in 1964, has gained an important place both in the diagnosis of megaloblastic anemias and in the study of vitamin B12 folate interrelationships in the pathogenesis of megaloblastic anemia. The test measures the integrity of the de novo synthetic pathway of DNA synthesis, in which vitamin B12 and folate play an essential role. The exact mechanism of the test is still largely unknown. However, it is probably the most sensitive and specific functional test for the establishment of vitamin B12 and/or folate deficiency. As such, it is an important diagnostic tool in the investigation of patients suspected of suffering from deficiency of either or both of these vitamins. The test may also have applications towards the study of other factors required for the de novo synthesis of DNA.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed2004

Pharmacology and mechanism of action of pemetrexed.

Pemetrexed is a novel multitargeted antifolate that inhibits > or = 3 enzymes involved in folate metabolism and purine and pyrimidine synthesis. These enzymes are thymidylate synthase, dihydrofolate reductase, and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase. This agent has broad antitumor activity in phase II trials in a wide variety of solid tumors, and is approved in combination with cisplatin for the therapy of malignant mesothelioma. In a recent phase III trial, pemetrexed demonstrated equivalent efficacy to docetaxel, but with significantly less toxicity, in second-line treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. The most common and serious toxicities of pemetrexed--myelosuppression and mucositis--have been significantly ameliorated by folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation. More important, vitamin supplementation has not been shown to adversely affect efficacy in some tumor types. Tumors with codeletion of the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase gene, as a consequence of p16 deletions, may be particularly sensitive to pemetrexed. In this review, the biochemistry and mechanism of action of pemetrexed are discussed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed2002

Hyperhomocysteinemia in rheumatoid arthritis: influence of methotrexate treatment and folic acid supplementation.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of methotrexate (MTX) and folic acid supplementation on the homocysteine level in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: A cross sectional study was performed in 81 patients with RA, comprising a standardized clinical interview, an examination, and a blood specimen test. RESULTS: P-homocysteine tended to be lower in 41 patients receiving MTX, compared with 40 patients not receiving MTX. Of the MTX treated patients, 76% received folic acid supplementation. Multivariate analysis revealed a statistically significant association between P-homocysteine and P-creatinine (p < 0.001), and disease activity/progression measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire score (p < 0.001). There was a tendency to negative association between P-homocys-teine and folic acid supplementation. CONCLUSION: P-homocysteine in patients with RA receiving MTX and folic acid supplementation did not differ significantly from P-homocysteine in RA patients receiving other types of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Intravenous methotrexate for treatment of interstitial pregnancy: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Ectopic pregnancy is the leading cause of first-trimester maternal death, accounting for 9% of pregnancy-related deaths. Interstitial (cornual) pregnancies represent 6% of all ectopics but account for a disproportionately higher mortality rate. Surgical management has been the treatment of choice for interstitial pregnancies. A very limited number of articles pre have explored the use of intravenous methotrexate to treat cornual pregnancy as a possible conservative first-line therapy in selected, hemodynamically stable patients. CASE: A patient with a confirmed interstitial pregnancy was treated with intravenous methotrexate. The patient's beta-hCG levels decreased to zero within 9 weeks. CONCLUSION: Intravenous methotrexate was used successfully in the treatment of an interstitial pregnancy without complications.

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal↗
PubMed1990

[Acute pancytopenia induced by pyrimethamine during treatment of cerebral toxoplasmosis associated with AIDS. Role of dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors].

An AIDS patient with cerebral toxoplasmosis had a folate deficiency-induced acute pancytopenia, which was rapidly reversed by the administration of folic acid. This observation is particularly important as a possible preventive therapy to be given to all HIV-infected patients because of the anti-folic activity of the majority of anti-infectious agents used during the course of this disease and the many potential sites of hematopoietic involvement. The patient's condition is stressed because the undernourished subject is at greater risk for this type of manifestation.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1972

Folate metabolism.

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Anemia, Sideroblastic↗