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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Surveillance for arthropod-borne viral activity in Nebraska, 1994-1995.

A 2-yr arbovirus surveillance program was established in Nebraska following the midwest flood of 1993. CDC light traps were used to collect mosquitoes at 11 localities throughout Nebraska. In 1994, we collected 685,582 mosquitoes, and we tested 1,359 pools of Culex mosquitoes for arbovirus infection, with St. Louis encephalitis virus isolated from 2 pools collected in Scotts Bluff County in western Nebraska. In 1995, 1,163,741 mosquitoes were collected and 2,788 pools tested, with 36 positive for western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) virus. Thirty of the WEE-positive pools were collected in Scotts Bluff County, 4 pools from the city of Norfolk and 2 from the city of Grand Island. All viruses were isolated from Culex tarsalis Coquillett. The highest minimum infection rate of 3.81 per 1,000 mosquitoes was observed in Scotts Bluff County on 13 September 1995. The seasonal minimum infection rate for WEE was 0.52 in Scotts Bluff County. No human or horse disease attributed to arboviral infection was reported in Nebraska during 1994 and 1995.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the physiopathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the horse. III. The intrathoracic pressure.

The intrathoracic pressure was determined by direct intrapleural cannulation in 17 clinically normal horses and 14 horses with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There were significant differences between the normal and COPD horses with regard to max. Ppl and max. delta Ppl. The mean values for minimum Ppl of the 2 groups of subjects were not significantly different. The results were discussed in relation to those of other workers.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The book about equery, by Jordanus Ruffus (13th century), in Ms 78 C of the copper engraving collection, Berlin].

One of the italian translations of the "Medicina equorum" written by the major stablemaster of the Emperor Frederic II. of Hohenstaufen, JORDANUS RUFFUS, dates to the late 13th century. It forms part of a manuscript kept in the State Library of Berlin-West. It is the only copy of the "Medicina equorum" which depicts the treatments of the different horse diseases in a very instructive manner. A translation into German of this italian manuscript was carried out recently in our Institute. This paper emphasizes the historical value of this opus and makes comments on the illustrations.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Chronic small airway disease in the horse: immunohistochemical evaluation of lungs with mild, moderate and severe lesions.

The peroxidase anti-peroxidase technique was used to demonstrate free and intracellular immunoglobulin (Ig) within the lungs of 23 horses with chronic small airway disease. Histologically, all the horses had chronic bronchiolitis; however, the lesions varied in degree from mild in eight horses, to moderate in nine horses and severe in six horses. Lungs from three horses which had no gross or histopathological lesions were used as controls. In comparison with control horses, horses with mild chronic bronchiolitis had increased numbers of Ig A-containing and non-immunoglobulin staining cells around the vasculature and bronchioles. As the severity of the lesions increased so did the number of IgA-, IgG(Fc)- and in several cases non-immunoglobulin staining cells around the vasculature, bronchioles and in the alveolar septa. In severely affected horses, large amounts of free IgG(Fc) were observed interstitially and in alveoli. In areas of mucosal epithelial hyperplasia and metaplasia large amounts of free IgA and IgG(Fc) were sometimes observed interepithelially in a pattern which differed from that in control horses.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Murine infection model for contagious equine metritis: a new venereal disease of horses.

An infection model in laboratory mice for studying the bacterium (proposed name Haemophilus equigenitalis) causing contagious equine metritis is described. Small porous chambers were implanted subcutaneously into mice and after 1 to 3 weeks were inoculated with H equigenitalis. Infections that persisted for > 30 days were established by direct transfer of infective chamber fluid or by injection of laboratory-grown cultures. Immunization of mice with formaldehyde-treated cells induced significant, strain-related immunity to infection and did not appear to require complement as a protection mediator. Substantial differences in staining characteristics and cell morphology were observed between bacteria grown in mouse chambers and those grown on a laboratory medium. These differences were more apparent in smears of the organism stained by a modified Gimenez method than in smears stained by the conventional Gram stain. This murine model may be a convenient and inexpensive method for studying the immunobiology of this newly discovered animal pathogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Vibrio trachuri sp. nov., a new species isolated from diseased Japanese horse mackerel.

A new species, Vibrio trachuri sp. nov., was isolated from the cultured Japanese horse mackerel (Trachurus japonicus). These Vibrio were Gram negative, motile rods and formed yellow colonies on BTB teepol and TCBS plate, turned TSI medium to yellow and was sensitive to 150 microM O/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropyl pteridine phosphate) like Listonella anguillarum which has been described as Vibrio anguillarum. However, the results of VP test and decarboxylation of lysine or dihydrolation of arginine suggested that these Vibrio are rather closely related to V. parahaemolyticus. DNA similarity determined by the microplate hybridization technique revealed that these Vibrio are genetically quite distant from Listonella anguillarum or V. parahaemolyticus and rather close to V. harveyi, although there was no Vibrio species which had more than 70% similarity value. From these results we propose to nominate Vibrio trachuri sp. nov. for this new Vibrio species.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Demographics of health and disease in the geriatric horse.

Owners of older horses have generally owned them for a long time. They have developed a bond that is similar to that seen with companion animals. Their desire to have their animal(s) age gracefully with comfort and mobility has stirred research in the field of equine geriatric medicine. Equine geriatric medicine is to the first decade of the twenty-first century as neonatal medicine was to the 1980s. Hopefully, the demographics discussed in this article highlight area where research can be most helpful.

Aging↗
PubMed1999

Role of duodenal reflux in nonglandular gastric ulcer disease of the mature horse.

Gastric contents were sampled in horses via nasogastric tube to determine changes in pH and bile salt concentrations during feeding and fasting periods. The horses were rotated through 4 feeding protocols. (1) hay; (2) hay with twice daily grain meals; (3) and (4) fasting preceded by either hay only or hay and grain. Sequential, hourly samples were collected from 3 horses prepared with gastric cannulas. Horses were fed hay twice daily and grain mix either twice daily or in small aliquots dispensed every 90 min. The horses were sampled during normal feeding or after 14 h of feed deprivation. Gastric pH values varied with time, but there was no significant difference between the feeding protocols or the fasting period on mean pH. Bile salt concentrations in fasted animals averaged 0.23-0.44 mmol/l with individual samples greater than 0.9 mmol/l. The bile salt concentrations in fed animals were consistently below 0.2 mmol/l. The effect of bile salt and acid on the stratified squamous gastric mucosa was tested in vitro. Mucosa, stripped of muscle and serosal layers, was mounted in Ussing chambers and the electrical potential difference (PD) across the tissue recorded. Sodium taurocholate or deoxycholate (0.3 mmol/l, bile salt) and/or HCl were added to the mucosal bathing solutions. The bile salt alone had no significant effect. Addition of acid (pH 2.5) to control tissues caused a decrease in the PD, which recovered within 20 min. Addition of acid to tissues exposed to bile salts resulted in a significant decrease in the PD, which did not recover. We conclude that combinations of bile salts and acid are more injurious to the stratified squamous gastric mucosa of the equine than acid alone. Concentrations of bile salts and acid sufficient to alter the electrolyte transport function of this mucosa can be found in the gastric contents of horses deprived of feed for as little as 14 h.

Animals↗