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PubMedDate not supplied

[Faecal occult blood testing: comparison of a latex agglutination test (Hemolex) and an immunoturbidimetric test (QuikRead FOB)].

UNLABELLED: Occult blood detection is the most prescribed faecal examination. AIM: To compare results obtained with the latex agglutination test Hémolex LA (Orion diagnostica, Finlande) with those given by an immuno-turbidimetric test which allows an automatic reading (QuikRead FOB, Orion diagnostica, Finlande). MATERIAL AND METHODS: this prospective study was carried out in 140 patients. The reference method was the latex agglutination test, Hemolex LA performed on stool extract obtained through weighting samples. On the base of the results, samples were separated into 2 groups: positive (n = 45) and negative (n = 95). As the QuikRead FOB test indicated a stool extract obtained through a sampling set, such an extraction was performed before Hemolex LA et QuikRead FOB testing. RESULTS: all the 95 samples from the negative group gave similar results with the 3 methods. In contrast, 12/45 of the positive samples gave conflicting results, 11 results were negative with the 2 tests performed on stool extract obtained via sampling set, 1 result was negative with the QuikRead FOB method only. DISCUSSION: analytical performance were similar with the 2 methods and discrepancies observed wi-thin the positive group were mainly related to the extraction method.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

A prospective evaluation of four immunodiagnotic assays for human leptospirosis.

This was a prospective evaluation of four immunodiagnostic assays for human leptospirosis, including the indirect immunofluorescence test (IFA), the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), the LEPTO dipstick, and the latex agglutination (LA) test. Four hundred ninety-two serum samples were collected from 348 patients who presented with acute fever without localizing signs. The sensitivities of the IFA, MAT, Dipstick, and LA were 91.9, 76.6, 77.4, and 83.1%, respectively. The specificities of these assays were 100.0, 100.0, 89.3, and 83.5, respectively. Even though IFA showed the highest overall sensitivity and specificity, when acute sera were considered, the LA was the most sensitive (28.7%). All 3 genus specific antibody assays had broad reactivity against various serogroups. The MAT is best suited for the reference laboratory, where it can be maintained with the battery of live antigens; the IFA is suited for a laboratory with sophisticated equipment and technical expertise; the Dipstick and LA are suitable for peripheral laboratories which lack expensive equipment and expertise.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect↗
PubMed1991

[Rheumatoid factor in rheumatoid arthritis in old age].

Rheumatoid factors (RF) detected by agglutination methods (latex fixation test, haemagglutination test) were found in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis which started in advanced age (RAVV) less frequently than in a group with RA in middle age (RAMV). The author describes the ELISA method for assessment of RF which makes it possible to estimate immunoglobulin classes RF (IgM-RF, IgA-RF, IgG-RF). By this method RF were detected in class IgM in 15% of patients and in some immunoglobulin classes in 20 per cent where are RF negative when assessed by agglutination methods. The ELISA method detects probably also so-called "hidden" RF. In the group of healthy subjects above 60 years at least one class of RF rises to 17.5%. On correlation with the clinical status an association was found with the degree of affection according to the functional score, with the presence of rheumatoid nodes and muscular affection in RA. Patients with RA treated with Methotrexate and Sulfasalazine tend to have declining IgG RF levels.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Serologic diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in cats fed Toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts.

Serum samples derived from 7 cats 3 to 950 days after cats were fed tissue cysts of Toxoplasma gondii were evaluated using Sabin-Feldman dye, modified agglutination, indirect hemagglutination, and latex agglutination tests. The modified agglutination test, using whole formalin-preserved tachyzoites, was more sensitive for diagnosis of toxoplasmosis than were other tests. Titers from the modified agglutination test that used formalin-preserved tachyzoites were higher than those from the modified agglutination test that used acetone-preserved tachyzoites. Although cats had no clinical signs of toxoplasmosis, T gondii antibody titers remained high (greater than 1:1,000) for up to 29 months.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1989

[The usefulness of three rapid commercially-available tests for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from animals].

3 commercially available tests STAPHYSLIDE (api bio Mérieux), STAPHYLASE (Oxoid) and STAPHAUREX-D (Welcome) for identification of Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated by 110 coagulase-positive S. aureus strains and 40 coagulase-negative Staphylococcus strains, isolated from various materials of different animal species. STAPHYSLIDE showed a sensitivity of 53.6% and a specificity of 97.5%, STAPHAUREX-D 56.4% respectively 85% and STAPHYLASE 32.7% respectively 100%. The possible reasons for the weak results of these 3 tests well established in bacteriology of human medicine by use in veterinary bacteriology are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Initial experience with the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by dietary manipulation].

The purpose was to assemble experience with the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with fish oil and to compare the results with reports from abroad. The investigated group comprised 10 women who suffered from confirmed RA. The patients were treated by nonsteroid antirheumatic drugs. During the trial processed fish oil [Martens'oil], 10 g/day was added. The tolerance of the preparation was good. The investigation period lasted three months. After one-month intervals laboratory and clinical indicators of the activity of the disease were investigated and compared with baseline values before treatment. All investigated values improved, however, only some significantly: the level of C-reactive proteon, pain on movement, the articular index, morning stiffness. The latex-fixation test was in all patients positive at the beginning and at the end of the investigation. Fish oil as a dietetic supplement of treatment with non-steroid anti-rheumatic drugs gives the patients subjective relief, the results of preliminary observations indicate the necessity of further, in particular double blind trials.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1986

Antiimmunoglobulins of rheumatoid factor (RF) type in prediction of melanoma patients.

It was found out the titer of antiimmunoglobulins of the rheumatoid factor (RF) type in the sera of melanoma patients can be used in prediction of the development of the patients' status. High titers of antiimmunoglobulins of the RF type, determined by the latex-fixation test (LFT), indicate an unfavorable prognosis in patients with clinical manifestation of uncontrollable recurrence appearing from 1.5 to 2 years after occurrence of the LFT titer.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1985

Serologic evaluation of cattle inoculated with Toxoplasma gondii: comparison of Sabin-Feldman dye test and other agglutination tests.

Six cows and 6 calves were each inoculated with 100 or 100,000 Toxoplasma gondii oocysts. Serum samples were analyzed, using the Sabin-Feldman dye test (DT), indirect hemagglutination test, latex agglutination test, and the modified direct agglutination test (MAT). Antibody titers in cows were lower than in calves. In the cows, DT titers increased briefly during the first month after inoculation, after which the titers were negative; however, T gondii was isolated from the tissues of 4 cows. Indirect hemagglutination and latex agglutination titers were generally less than 1:256. The MAT titers increased to 1:1,024 during the first month after inoculation. In 5 of the 6 cows, the MAT titers persisted. The 6th cow had a preinoculation MAT titer of 1:2,000 for 3 to 6 months. Therefore, the DT was not useful in serologic surveys for T gondii in cattle; the MAT was the most sensitive test and may be useful in the diagnosis of T gondii infection in cattle.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

Epidemiologic study of toxoplasmosis on a sheep ranch.

An epidemiologic study was done on a ranch in northern California on a flock of ewes that had a history of abortions, mummified fetuses, weak or stillborn lambs, and failure to conceive. Of 56 ewes tested, 33 (59%) had serum agglutinating antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii, with an unusually high proportion of high titers. Over a 2-year-period, reproductive problems were higher (39% to 42%) among the seropositive ewes than among the seronegative ewes (9% to 33%). Of 89 sera received from persons and 7 species of animals on the ranch, 44 (49%) were found to be seropositive to T gondii, including seropositive members of a family of 6. The rancher's wife and teenage daughter, both of whom were involved with lambing, had serum titers exceeding 4,096. Other members of the family not involved with lambing were seronegative by the indirect hemagglutination test. The 2 infected persons are known to have come in contact with placentas, birth fluids, fetuses, and colostrums from these infected ewes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The problem of joint sarcoidosis].

Joint symptoms in sarcoidosis are early manifestations of this systemic disease; patients with such symptoms, however, are seldom examined by a rheumatologist. The authors investigated 72 patients in whom a definite diagnosis of sarcoidosis had been made at the 1. University Clinic for Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases. Joint symptoms were found in 75% of the patients. In those with erythema nodosum they were found in 94%. Acute onset of the disease was found in more than 50% of the patients with erythema nodosum. Objective joint abnormalities were noted in 28% of the patients without erythema nodosum and in 67% of the patients with erythema nodosum. The talocrural joints were most frequently affected (32%). The laboratory investigations included the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mucoprotein-tyrosin, blood calcium, uric acid, gamma globulin levels, latex fixation test, the Waaler-Rose hemagglutination test and alkaline phosphatase. The results of the laboratory tests and of the clinical findings were compared with those already published. Sarcoidosis is always a possible diagnosis in mono-and oligarticular arthritides of the talocrural joints in middle aged patients, particularly in women with erythema nodosum. The diagnosis is confirmed by enlargement of the hilar lymph nodes on CXR and by a negative tuberculin reaction.

Adolescent↗