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PubMed1984

Body contouring with suction lipectomy.

Liposuction is a procedure that permits elimination of localized fat deposits through a small incision that leaves an inconspicuous scar. The principal indications are fat deposits in the gluteocrural area, the hip, and the abdomen. In selected patients, submental and cervical fat pads are also an indication. For the obese patient, the technique should only be employed in combination with dermolipectomy. The author presents his original technique and discusses indications, drawbacks, and unfavorable results.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1984

Suction lipectomy.

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Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1984

Suction lipectomy.

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Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The plastic surgeon and Graves disease.

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy is a disease caused by autoimmune processes that also affects the thyroid gland and the lower limbs; at orbital level, it involves the muscle and adipose tissue. When medical treatment fails to achieve appreciable results, surgery aims to decompress the orbital cavity. In recent years, the treatment has been considerably improved by the introduction of transpalpebral lipectomy, which has produced valid results especially in cases when extrinsic muscle hypertrophy is limited; if it is severe, however, lipectomy can be combined with expansion of the orbital cavity, thus enabling the latter to be restricted to one or two walls instead of three. Studying 52 patients who underwent orbital decompression involving lipectomy and/or orbital expansion, affecting a total of 96 orbits, enabled an assessment of the pros and cons of the single techniques in an attempt to identify a rational approach to this pathology. It emerged that lipectomy alone may suffice and obtain valid results in cases of mild-to-moderate proptosis (up to 24 mm) with limited extrinsic muscle hypertrophy, whereas orbital expansion--with or without lipectomy--is likely to be necessary in moderate-to-severe cases (proptosis greater than 24 mm). Additional procedures to correct the elevator and retractor muscles of the eyelids were almost always necessary.

Eyelids↗
PubMed2006

Subcutaneous fat modulates insulin sensitivity in mice by regulating TNF-alpha expression in visceral fat.

The distribution of fat in obese persons is related to the risk of developing various metabolic disorders, such as glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia and hypertension, and the combination of these conditions is known as the metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of subcutaneous fat in regulating insulin resistance and its influence on TNF-alpha expression in visceral fat, by using mice that were subjected to subcutaneous lipectomy with or without subsequent fat transplantation. After partial subcutaneous lipectomy, mice showed significantly greater accumulation of visceral fat compared with sham-operated control mice. Lipectomy led to higher plasma insulin and lower plasma glucose levels after loading with glucose and insulin, respectively, compared with the levels in control mice. Insulin-induced phosphorylation of IRS-1 was decreased in the skeletal muscles of lipectomized mice. Subcutaneous transplantation of fat pads into lipectomized mice reversed the above-mentioned changes indicating insulin resistance in these animals. The fat storage area of adipocytes and TNF- alpha expression by adipocytes in visceral fat were significantly higher in the lipectomized mice than in controls, while subcutaneous transplantation of fat reduced both the fat storage area and TNF-alpha expression. The insulin resistance of lipectomized mice was also ameliorated by systemic neutralization of TNF-alpha activity using a specific antibody. These findings obtained in mice subjected to subcutaneous lipectomy with/without subsequent fat transplantation indicate that subcutaneous fat regulates systemic insulin sensitivity, possibly through altering fat storage and the expression of TNF-alpha by adipocytes in visceral fat. The balance between accumulation of subcutaneous fat and visceral fat may be important with respect to the occurrence of systemic insulin resistance in the metabolic syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The influence of dexamethasone on the regrowth of surgically removed fat.

We investigated the interaction between long-term dexamethasone administration and lipectomy on regional fat deposits in the rat. Seven-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 24) were divided into 3 test groups. Group 1 (control) received 0.5 ml/kg of saline intramuscularly daily; group 2, 1 microgram dexamethasone intramuscularly; group 3, 5 micrograms dexamethasone intramuscularly. At week 9 a lipectomy of 4 regional fat deposits on the right side of the animal was done: inguinal, epididymal, interscapular, and perirenal. Injections continued for an additional 27 weeks, at which time a lipectomy was done removing left-sided depots in addition to any "regrown fat" on the previously dissected right side. Several conclusions can be made. First, rats receiving 5 micrograms/kg reaccumulated more fat than the controls in the inguinal, perirenal, and interscapular depots. Second, fat cell size in this model greatly influenced the ultimate size of each depot. Third, fat depots vary in their response to steroids and lipectomy because of local and systemic factors.

Adipose Tissue↗