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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

Assessment of alternating-pressure air mattresses using a time-based pressure threshold technique and continuous measurements of transcutaneous gases.

Alternating-pressure air mattresses (APAMs) are used increasingly for the prevention and treatment of pressure sores. Laboratory evaluation techniques have centred largely on interface pressure (IP) measurement, typically analysing discrete maximum and minimum levels, or average pressure. However, since pressure relief varies with time, a time-based analysis technique has been developed for performance assessment. IP was recorded continuously, and the duration of pressures below three thresholds (30, 20 and 10 mmHg) was calculated automatically using a computerized rig. Fifteen healthy volunteers were used to evaluate the pressure-relieving characteristics of four APAMs, including one overlay. Results indicated significant differences (P < 0.001) between products when durations below the 20 and 10 mmHg thresholds were analysed, showing that some devices were only capable of momentarily relieving pressure. Maximum contact pressures on the sacrum were significantly lower (P < 0.0001) on devices whose inflation pressure was adjusted according to subject's body mass. This technique could assist in the selection of alternating or dynamic surfaces of any description with further clinical validation.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intradermal buried vertical mattress suture as sole skin closure: evaluation of 149 cases.

Various buried suture techniques have been reported for dermatological surgery, but in most cases, superficial non-absorbable sutures are placed additionally. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the intradermal buried vertical mattress suture can be safely used without additional skin suturing. Following 149 procedures in 126 patients, the colour and dehiscence of the scar and the presence of hypertrophy, granulomas or keloids were analysed. The cosmetic results were excellent to good in 78.5%, satisfactory in 19.5% and poor in 2%. Single additional superficial sutures had to be placed in only 14.7%. Suture marks were absent. Hypertrophic scarring was significantly more frequent in scars sutured with polyglactine than in scars sutured with polydioxanone. Early wound dehiscence, secondary wound healing and infection due to missing superficial skin sutures did not occur. This suture technique is safe, easy and fast to perform, and achieves good cosmetic results without leaving suture marks.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Air mattress sensor system with balancing tube for unconstrained measurement of respiration and heart beat movements.

The cardio-respiratory signal is a fundamental vital sign used for assessment of a patient's status. Additionally, the cardio-respiratory signal provides a great deal of information to healthcare providers wishing to monitor healthy individuals. The air mattress sensor system allows the measurement of the respiration and heart beat movements without the use of a harness or sensor on the subject's body, which eliminates the difficulties these pose for long term measurements. In order to increase the sensitivity, a differential measurement technique between two air cells was used. The concept of a balancing tube between two air cells is suggested in order to increase the robustness against postural changes during the measurements. With this balancing tube, the meaningful frequency range could be selected using a pneumatic method. A mathematical model was constructed and validation experiments were performed for step and sinusoidal input signals. This technique was applied to measurements of respiration and heart beat movements in the supine posture on the bed, which showed potential for applications in sleep analysis, unconstrained healthcare monitoring and neonate monitoring.

Air↗

PubMed1994

Comparison of heated water-filled mattress and space-heated room with infant incubator in providing warmth to low birthweight newborns.

BACKGROUND: Prevention of excessive heat loss is fundamental to survival of low birthweight (LBW) newborns. The use of infant incubators (INC) is beyond the resources of developing countries, and the space-heated room (SHR) has been the only feasible means of providing thermal protection to LBW newborns. Recently a thermostatically controlled, heated, water-filled mattress (HWM) has been developed as a potentially simpler and affordable alternative. METHODS: In a neonatal care ward of a referral hospital in Addis Ababa, 62 < 1 week old newborns, weighing 1000-1999 g, who were well enough to breathe comfortably in room air and tolerate oral feeds, were randomly allocated to INC, HWM or SHR and followed for 3 weeks. The level of cold stress as assessed by core-to-skin temperature gradient and the rate of weight gain were the main outcome measures. RESULTS: The level of cold stress was lowest in the INC, intermediate in the HWM and highest in the SHR. Relative to the INC group, the HWM group exhibited a modest increase in the occurrence of clinically important hyperthermic or hypothermic deviations in core temperature (rate ratio (RR) = 2.3; 95% CI: 0.9, 5.6), and the SHR displayed a definite increase (RR = 4.0; 95% CI: 1.7, 9.3). During the first week, the rate of weight gain was highest in the INC group (3.6 g/kg/day), lowest in the SHR group (-2.3 g/kg/day, P < 0.05 versus INC) and intermediate in the HWM group (1.6 g/kg/day, P > 0.1 versus INC). CONCLUSION: Care in the SHR produced clinically significant thermal stresses and was associated with deficient early neonatal growth, but the use of HWM may constitute a feasible and clinically acceptable alternative in providing warmth to LBW newborns during the neonatal period.

Beds↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Air mattress for post-PTCA/DCA patients: evaluating the outcome.

Changes in health care and the development of new technologies challenge nurses to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing practices. The application of special equipment and nursing interventions need to be researched based on desired patient outcomes. The authors report the impact on patient outcomes from the use of an air mattress during the recovery period post-Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) and Directional Coronary Atherectomy (DCA).

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗

PubMed1990

House dust mite allergen levels and an anti-mite mattress spray (natamycin) in the treatment of childhood asthma.

Natamycin, a fungicide marketed as Tymasil, is claimed to reduce house dust mite numbers and would therefore be expected to improve asthma in children with mite sensitivity. We have tested this assertion by a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. There was no significant effect on levels of Der p I in mattress dust between active and placebo groups at the end of the spraying period. Histamine inhalation challenge PC20, clinic visit symptom scores and lung function tests reflecting either large or small airways obstruction were also unchanged. Therefore this product is not a therapeutic option for mite-allergic patients using the manufacturer's recommended dose and method of administration. Other factors influencing the Der p I levels were also investigated. Of these, only month of measurement and bedroom wall humidity showed any association.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Mite allergen content in mattress dust of Dermatophagoides-allergic asthmatics/rhinitics and matched controls.

It has been suggested that the mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and D. farinae are important indoor environmental factors facilitating both the sensitization of atopic subjects and asthmatic attacks of house dust-sensitive patients. Contradictory results have been reported about the current exposure to mites or their allergens among patients and control groups of atopic or non-atopic subjects. In order to determine whether there is a difference in mite exposure levels between D. pteronyssinus-sensitized asthmatics and/or rhinitis and control subjects we considered a case-control study of 70 patients with asthma and/or rhinitis and positive skin test reactions to D. pteronyssinus and twice as many control subjects who were matched as to age and sex. The first control subject for each patient was an immediate neighbour of the patient and the second was patient arbitrarily chosen among hospitalized patients. Mite allergen exposure was measured in mattress dust collected under standardized conditions, by measuring Der p I+Der fI content and by performing a semiquantitative guanine determination (Acarex-test). The content of Der p I and Der fI was very high both in the homes of patients and those of healthy individuals: 69% of the total samples contained more than 10 micrograms Der pI+Der fI/g of dust. There was no significant difference between cases and controls with respect to Der p I, Der fI, Der p I+Der fI content and Acare class distributions. The calculated odds-ratios associated with the Acarex test and the mite allergens did not differ significantly from the level 1.0.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Mattresses as a winter refuge for house-dust mite populations.

House-dust mites are a major source of allergens. Beds are often heavily infested. It is conceivable that, during the winter period in temperate climates, the ambient indoor air is too dry for their survival, but that mites can still survive in beds where the humidity is raised when the bed is occupied. To investigate whether house-dust mites can take advantage of daily episodes with elevated humidity to restore water balance, we exposed mites to spells of high humidity (90% relative humidity [RH]), lasting 0, 1.5, 3, 6, or 12 h, once every day, while the humidity was low (10% RH) during the rest of the time. Survival was markedly promoted when only 1.5 h of moist air per day was given. Three hours of moist air per day allowed the mites to reproduce. The same average humidity but at a constant level would have been lethal to the mites. Thus, average humidity can be misleading as an indicator of mite survival conditions. Measurements of relative humidity were made inside the foam core of a mattress and underneath the ticking. The rise of humidity occurring when the bed was occupied was often insufficient for the mites, because the temperature rose at the same time. At higher temperatures, mites required a higher relative humidity, abolishing the effect of the simultaneous rise in absolute humidity. Thus, it seems quite possible to regulate house-dust mite numbers also in beds by reducing the water content of the ambient air. The rules governing changes in temperature and humidity inside a bed may be simple enough to allow assessment of house-dust mite living conditions by measurements in the ambient air.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

A mattress suitable for use with tilting tables in a radiology department.

It has been possible to design a comfortable, yet highly practical mattress for use in general purpose screening rooms with tilt tables. Attention has been paid to materials and fittings and because it is easy for the staff to use it is in constant use. It has become an essential part of our equipment and has considerably improved the comfort of many procedures.

Beds↗

PubMed1976

An improved mattress suture.

An improved mattress suture that is completely buried and leaves no noticeable cross marks on either side of the incision is described.

Humans↗

PubMed1992

Running vertical mattress suture.

Various types of running sutures have been described for use in dermatologic surgery. The running vertical mattress suture is a time-saving technique that can be used alone or in combination with any running-suture technique. It is useful for wound eversion, providing hemostasis, and closing wounds under mild tension.

Dermatologic Surgical Procedures↗

PubMed1992

Thermal responses and heart rates of low-birth-weight premature babies during daily care on a heated, water-filled mattress.

Body temperatures, heart rates and resting oxygen consumptions were examined during routine nursing care in 12 premature babies treated alternately in incubators or on a heated, water-filled mattress (HWM). The mean temperatures were significantly higher in the axilla (0.3 degree C; p less than or equal to 0.05) and the foot (1.4 degrees C; p less than 0.001) during HWM care. The degree of maximal fall in various body temperatures during routine nursing procedures was the same for both treatments, whereas the time taken for the foot temperature to fall was 13 min shorter during HWM care (p less than 0.001). The proportion of heart rates below 160 bpm when the babies were not disturbed was 7.4% greater during HWM treatment (p less than 0.01). The resting oxygen consumption in babies treated on HWM was slightly lower (6.2 +/- 0.4 vs 6.4 +/- 0.5 ml/kg/min; p less than 0.05). Treatment on the HWM seems to promote calm and comfort, since it reduces the amount of thermal stress and prolongs quiet resting periods.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1993

Mothers' perceptions of their preterm infants treated in an incubator or on a heated water-filled mattress: a pilot study.

Ten Swedish and 23 Turkish mothers delivering premature infants with a birth weight of less than 2000 g were investigated concerning their attitudes and feelings towards their newborn babies when the infants were treated either in an air-heated incubator or on a heated water-filled mattress (HWM). The first interview took place during the first few days after delivery and the second interview in the case of the Swedish study two weeks later and in the Turkish study one week later. In the first interview, feelings of fear, unreality and insecurity predominated, although significantly more so among the mothers of the incubator group. These feelings had changed strikingly by the time of the second interview among the mothers whose infants were treated on the HWM, but persisted to a large extent among the mothers whose infants remained in an incubator. The results of both investigations indicate that the mothers' perceptions of their infants improves when the prematurely born infant is treated on an HWM instead of in an incubator.

Adult↗

PubMed1968

Effects of obstruction to respiration in infants, with particular reference to mattresses, pillows, and their coverings.

A comparison was made of pillows of various designs and their effects on the flow of air through the respiratory tract of six children who had been found dead in their cots. The effects of alterations in posture and of soaking the pillow with milk were also studied.There was a wide variation in the obstruction to air flow in pillows of different design. A firm pillow which allows air and fluid to pass through it is best, and is probably superior to a mattress covered with a mackintosh and a sheet.External obstruction to respiration could be a contributory factor in some cases of cot death.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Evaluation of an electric bed frame and pressure-reducing mattresses.

Pressure ulcers remain a challenge to all healthcare professionals. With the trend towards caring for ill patients in the community there is a need to ensure that equipment used to prevent pressure ulcers in these patients is effective. It is not always appropriate to simply use equipment designed for hospital. This article describes the evaluation of an electric bed frame and three mattresses specifically designed for patients in the community, in either their own homes or nursing home/residential care. The location of this research can reduce the number of participants recruited. In order to compensate for this, three different methods of evaluation were employed - clinical, laboratory and anecdotal - which have produced results relevant to both purchasers and users of the system tested.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Alternating-pressure air mattresses: the Quattro range.

Alternating-pressure air mattresses (APAMs) have a long history, and after some advances in their design, which began in the 1980s, have become widely used for pressure sore prevention. A recent variation in the inflation/deflation cycle of a 'large-cell' APAM, which allows the use of lower (peak) pressures for inflating the air cells, is used in the Quattro range of APAMs. This should make the new products more comfortable, more versatile, and more durable than earlier large-cell APAMs. This article discusses both the theoretical and practical advantages and disadvantages of these products. It also suggests a simple method of checking the suitability of a given support for promoting a healthy skin for highly dependent patients.

Air↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The Pentaflex pressure-reducing mattress replacement.

Support surfaces play a crucial role in pressure sore prevention. This article outlines the use of polyurethane foam as a versatile and effective support surface. It briefly describes a number of tests which are used to determine foam quality and summarizes the characteristics and clinical evidence supporting the use of the Pentaflex pressure-reducing foam mattress.

Beds↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Strikethrough: review of research on mattress cover performance.

During the past few years there have been increasing concerns regarding the performance of pressure-reducing foam mattress covers. Initially, a small number of people observed these problems. However, recently, many more people have begun to identify similar problems with their covers. This article is the result of a collaboration between Medical Support Systems and members of the editorial board of the British Journal of Nursing Tissue Viability Supplement. Medical Support Systems commissioned research from Nottingham Trent University and Cardiff University. The research findings were then passed to members of the editorial board for consideration and the development of this article. The article will present the rationale for the research and the results will be highlighted. It is hoped that it will help inform us and assist those currently working towards a resolution of this problem. The full benefit of this new information will only be felt after an extended debate of not only the results, but also their wider implications.

Beds↗