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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Microbial diffusion by aerosol during ultrasonic scaling: descriptive study].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bacterial spreading by using ultrasonic scaler and air-polisher. During ultrasonic scaling, bacterial spray is important near patient's mouth (30 cm), principally without good aspiration devices. In this case, clear spreading is observed at 2 m from the patient. Air-polishing compared to ultrasonic scaling produces larger microorganisms pollution.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1982

Influence of erythromycin on the normal human flora and colonization of the oral cavity, throat and colon.

Erythromycin stearate was given orally in doses of 500 mg twice daily for 7 days to 10 volunteers. Saliva, throat and faecal specimens were taken up to 16 days for cultivation of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. In specimens from saliva and throat only minor changes in the numbers of bacteria were detected during the antibiotic administration period, while pronounced changes in the aerobic and anaerobic faecal flora occurred. Thus among aerobes the number of enterobacteria significantly decreased and also the numbers of most anaerobes. During the erythromycin administration period, 8 subjects were colonized by erythromycin-resistant enterobacteria in the oral cavity and throat. All subjects were colonized by erythromycin-resistant enterobacteria, clostridia or yeasts in the colon. Many of the colonizing microorganisms were potential pathogens.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Influence of the maternal vaginal microbiota on the oral microbiota of the newborn.

The present study was conducted on 50 expectant mothers and the newborns, with the aim of observing if any, the relationship, acquisition and survival of the maternal vaginal microbiota to the oral microflora after birth. The oral cavity was sterile in 6% of the newborns. The differences between the counts of S. aureus, Klebsiella, Lactobacillus, Ps. aeruginosa and Veillonella sp. in the mother and in the child were of statistical significance. No statistically significant difference was observed between the counts of S. epidermidis in the mother and in the child. Of the microorganisms present at birth, only S. epidermidis persisted in the oral cavity. At the end of the observation period, S. salivarius was the predominant oral microorganism.

Bacteria↗
PubMed2000

Oral health status of children in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to examine the dental status of critically ill children in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) and determine the efficacy of the mouth care received. DESIGN: Prospective nonrandomized study. SETTING: The study was carried out in the PICU at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children. PATIENTS AND PARTICIPANTS: All children admitted to the PICU during the period of the study were eligible for inclusion. A total of 54 children completed the study. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Children were examined for dental caries, plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation and gingival bleeding on admission to the PICU. The examination was repeated on discharge from the Unit. The levels of dental caries found on examination were compared with results from the most recent national surveys carried out in the United Kingdom, and analysed using the one sample t-test. The levels of plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation and gingival bleeding on admission were compared to those on discharge and analysed using the paired sample t-test. Results revealed a very highly significant increase in plaque accumulation (p = 0.001), and a highly significant increase in gingival inflammation (p = 0.006) between admission to the PICU and discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that the present mouth care regimen is not effective in preventing the build up of plaque or maintaining gingival health. These children may therefore be at unnecessary risk from local or systemic spread of oral microorganisms.

Child, Hospitalized↗
PubMed2001

Effects of mouthrinses with linseed extract Salinum without/with chlorhexidine on oral conditions in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. A double-blind crossover investigation.

OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of mouthrinses with salivary replacement substances on oral conditions in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. DESIGN: Cross-over, double-blind study. SETTING: Facilities at the Centre for Oral Health Sciences, Malmö University and at Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. SUBJECTS: Twenty-two patients with Sjogren's syndrome. INTERVENTION: Linseed extract Salinum alone (Sal) or with addition of chlorhexidine (Sal/Chx) was used for mouthrinsing during 3-week periods of rinsings separated by a 3-week "wash-out" period. MEASUREMENTS: Recordings of percentages of sites with dental plaque and bleeding on probing, mirror friction test and microbiological analyses. Questionnaire on oral symptoms due to reduced salivation. RESULTS: Dental plaque and bleeding on probing were reduced after Sal and after Sal/Chx. Friction was reduced after both treatments. No significant differences for counts of studied microbial groups were seen after Sal but the total anaerobically cultured microorganisms and of mutans streptococci fell after Sal/Chx (p<0.05 and p<0.001). Symptoms of oral dryness improved following Sal and Sal/Chx (p<0.05 and p<0.001 respectively). Speaking problems and burning mouth symptoms improved after use of Sal (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Positive effects on symptoms in patients with Sjögren's syndrome were seen after use of Salinum without or with chlorhexidine.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The first report of human chronic sinusitis by Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida in Japan].

A 53-year-old male visited our hospital due to nasal obstruction persisting for 6 months and constant rhinorrhea. Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida was isolated from his nasal discharge and lavage fluid of the maxillary sinus, and also from the oral cavity of the dog he kept. The bacterial strains isolated from the patient and dog were identical in terms of biochemical properties, and drug sensitivity. Although serotype was different, the strain from the patient showed (A:6) and that from his dog showed (A:5). The microorganism is not present in the general environment. The patient had contact with his dog such as he kissed it frequently, gave it food with his chopsticks et al.. From the mouth of the people who kiss one's dog, we detected Pasteurella of the same character of bacteria as from the mouth of the dog. We detected two Pasteurella multocida of different character from only one mouth of a cat. Pasteurella multocida was checked in only one colony for sero type. Sero type A is the popular type for dogs and cats. The above suggest that their was a high possibility that the Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida found in the patient was from his dog. In Japan, the incidence of Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida infection has been increasing. In 1969, the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare officially communicated this infection as a zoonosis to related institutions. At both medical and surgical departments, wither the patient keeps a pet should be confirmed during interview, and guidance of pet keeping methods is important in some cases from the aspect of clinical bacteriology.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed2001

The Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium microflora of the human intestine: composition and succession.

Lactobacillus and bifidobacterial cultures are increasingly used as probiotics in pharmaceuticals and in foods. The selection of strains is performed often for technological rather than for microecological reasons. Detailed reports about species and strains composition of these microorganisms in the intestinal microflora of man are rare. Our investigations were performed with samples originating from infants and adults, taken from faeces and from upper sections of the intestinal tract including mouth and stomach, and from caecum and colon. Post mortem cases as well as test subjects under physiological conditions were analyzed using an automatic capsule system sampling at defined times in different parts of the intestinal tract. The fate of selected strains after oral intake was studied, too. Furthermore, influences of the microflora originating from food were considered. The identification of autochthonous (indigenous) and allochthonous (transient) species could be achieved with descriptions of new species in the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. L. gasseri and L. reuteri proved to be predominant autochthonous Lactobacillus species in infants as well as in adults. Both species were occasionally present even in the stomach. This was also the case with an anaerobic lactic acid bacterium, previously named Catenabacterium catenaforme, later classified as L. ruminis, a non-motile variant of this species. The bifidobacterial microflora differed in composition between infants and adults and in different stages of the host's life. Up to 5 species or special strains of bifidobacteria could be present in different, individually fixed, combinations. Species typical for infants were B. bifidum, B. infantis, B. breve, and B. parvulorum. Typical for adults were 4 different variants of B. adolescentis. B. bifidum and B. longum could often be found in both groups, but in lower numbers. B. longum showed some oxygen tolerance whereas B. bifidum and B. adolescentis required strict anaerobic and fastidious conditions for cultivation. The autochthonous Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium microflora in man will remain stable life-long. With lactobacilli, however, some successions may be caused by transient species derived from food or from the oral cavity, thus giving the impression of an altered microflora. Nevertheless L. gasseri, L. reuteri, L. ruminis, and to some degree, L. salivarius, may be present as autochthonous species all of the time. With bifidobacteria, a decreasing tendency in counts and in multiple composition in elderly people exists. Furthermore, this microflora is also influenced by consumption habits, which are probably caused by geographical circumstances.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Human dental plaque formation on plastic films. A quantitative SEM study.

The initial colonization of bacteria in previously clean teeth or artificial surfaces inserted in mouth has been reported to occur at various periods of time. Rönström et al., using light microscopy, saw that bacteria were present 10 seconds after prophylaxis. Bacterial culture studies have shown that microorganisms associated with the surface coating on tooth surfaces appeared within minutes after prophylaxis. Furthermore, Rönström et al. noted that the number of bacteria increased over a period of four hours. In contrast, ultrastructural investigations of early plaque have demonstrated bacterial colonization only within the first two hours of plaque development in a few samples obtained on a smooth surface and in most samples on a rough surface. However, microorganisms have been found regularly after four hours of plaque accumulation in subjects with healthy gingiva. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the earliest occurrence of bacterial colonization in situ and to observe the pattern of the initial formation of human dental plaque.

Adult↗