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Results for “Neoplasms, Bone Tissue”

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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Hip and knee implantations among patients with osteoarthritis and risk of cancer: a record-linkage study from Denmark.

A nationwide cohort study of hip and knee replacement patients in Denmark was undertaken to assess any carcinogenic potential of these implants. A cohort of 22,997 osteoarthritis patients who received hip replacements and of 4,771 osteoarthritis patients who received knee replacements during the period 1977 through 1989 were identified using the nationwide Danish Hospital Discharge Registry. These patients were followed for cancer occurrence through 1993, using the Danish Cancer Registry. There was no overall excess of cancer in either the hip implant cohort [standardized incidence ratio (SIR) = 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI)= 0.91-0.98] or the knee implant cohort (SIR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.89-1.06). The risk reduction in both groups of patients reflected for the most part reduced risks for cancers of the respiratory system and the digestive tract, particularly stomach cancer (SIR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.50-0.81 for hip replacement patients; SIR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.20-0.91 for knee replacement patients). Elevated risks were observed for melanoma of the skin in both groups of patients. There was no clear excess risk for lymphohematopoietic cancers or malignant neoplasms of the bone or connective tissue among implant patients in either implant group. Contrary to an earlier study in Sweden, we did not find an excess risk for kidney or prostate cancers. In summary, these nationwide results indicate no overall cancer hazard among hip and knee implant patients, but limited follow-up warrants continued surveillance of individuals undergoing these increasingly common surgical procedures.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Trends in survival of childhood malignancy for the past three decades. II: Neoplasms of the respiratory, skeletal, genital, skin and endocrine organs and malignant teratomas. The Committee for the Studies of the Treatments and the Biological Characteristics of Childhood Cancers.

Survival of childhood neoplasms has improved considerably during the past three decades. Improvement in survival rate for relatively infrequent neoplasms was assessed based on data obtained from the largest children's hospital in Japan. Using the data of the cancer registry of the hospital which recorded all the patients from 1965 to 1993 totalling 1026 cases, survival rate was analyzed for each type of neoplasm categorized by the S-classification for Childhood Neoplasms, a modification of the International Classification of Diseases. Survival was assessed for three 10 year periods from 1965 for infrequent neoplasms and for two 15 year periods for rare neoplasms. Improvement of survival was considerable in the neoplasms of the respiratory organs, genital organs and germ cell tumors, moderate in bone tumors and poor in the muscle and connective tissues. In conclusion, in some types of relatively infrequent neoplasms, survival improved considerably. But in soft parts and connective tissues (mostly rhabdomyosarcoma) improvement of survival was poor.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

Effects of musculoskeletal neoplasms on patient self assessment of health status.

Eighty-five consecutive patients referred to the Musculoskeletal Tumor Service completed a standardized short form questionnaire to evaluate their health status and function. Each patient completing the Short Form-36 questionnaire had a diagnosis of musculoskeletal neoplasm, including benign soft tissue and bone tumors, malignant soft tissue and bone tumors, and metastatic tumors. The results of this preliminary study show that the authors' patient population experienced health status and functional deficits in each of the eight Short Form-36 assessed domains. Data show that the most severe deficits were experienced by patients who had diagnoses of bone tumors and malignant tumors. This study shows that the Short Form-36 is a practical and effective method for documenting perceived deficits in health status in patients with musculoskeletal tumors. These data allow the physician to understand the presenting condition from the patient's perspective. This is an important and often neglected aspect of the overall assessment of the health of patient on presentation. An understanding of these deficits is critical for effective planning of treatment and evaluation of treatment effectiveness.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2000

[Roles of magnetic resonance imaging in management of bone tumors].

The roles of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and treatment of bone tumors are reviewed. Most bone tumors can be detected on plain radiography or bone scintigraphy. MRI is helpful in detecting tumors that do not destroy bone matrix or suppress reactive bone formation. Detailed analysis by plain radiography is still the most reliable method for differentiating between benign and malignant bone tumors. The T1 and T2 values, internal texture, and peritumoral edema depicted on MRI are not helpful for this differentiation. In characterizing the histologic types of bone tumors, MRI is of some advantage. For example, MRI can demonstrate cartilage matrix, hemoglobin metabolites, vascular components, and fat contents more clearly than conventional radiological techniques. MRI is now indispensable for the preoperative delineation of malignant bone tumors, because of its excellent soft tissue contrast and multiplanar imaging capability. In this article, the guidelines for evaluation of the surgical margin advocated by the JOA Musculo-skeletal Tumor Committee are introduced for radiologists. MRI monitoring of malignant bone tumors after chemotherapy or surgery can reveal change in the size of enhanced areas that may reflect viable tumors. Dynamic MRI is helpful to differentiate recurrent tumors from granulation tissue.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

[Leptin, body composition and bone mineralization in children after treatment for Wilms tumor].

UNLABELLED: Advances in diagnosis and improved methods of treatment have resulted in increasing number of long-term survivors in children with Wilms tumor. Growth and puberty are important for accumulation of bone mass; chemotherapy nad radiotherapy used in treatment for Wilms tumor can influence bone structure and physical development. Leptin plays an important role in metabolism of adipose tissue and bone mineralization. Considering that neoplasm and its treatment can affect normal development in childhood, we analysed the influence of antineoplastic treatment on bone mineralization and the correlations between serum leptin levels, body composition and bone mineral density in survivors of Wilms tumor. Twenty subjects (12 boys) treated for Wilms tumor at the mean age of 10.9 (range 3-20 years) participated in this study. Mean follow up period after discontinuation of therapy was 5.6 years (range 2 months - 13.5 years). Mean age of diagnosis was 3.9 years (range 1 month - 12.6 years). 18 patients received chemotherapy, 7 - additionally radiotherapy and 2 infants had only surgery treatment. We measured fat mass - FM, fat free mass - FFM, bone mineral density - BMD total and BMD spine using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and compared to the results obtained for healthy references (SD score). Leptin levels were measured with RIA method. RESULTS: 1. No difference was found in leptin levels, body mass index, FM, FFM, BMD total and spine in relation to sex. 2. Means of SDS BMI, FM, FFM, BMD and leptin were in the normal range for the age and sex matched controls. 3. We found the correlation between leptin level and BMI, FM, FFM and BMD total and spine, no correlation was found between SDS values. 4. We observed a positive correlation between SDS BMD and SDS BMI, FM, FFM, BMD spine. 5. BMI, FM and leptin levels were higher in children treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy than in children treated with only chemotherapy. However, the SDS values were comparable with the healthy controls. 6. SDS BMD total was decreased in 5/20 subjects (25% of all studied patients) compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated the risk of osteopenia in the group of children treated for Wilms tumor and the necessity for long-term monitoring of bone mineralization.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1989

Radiation therapy in the treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcomas.

How radiation therapy works, determination of an individual's sensitivity to it, delivery systems, and side effects are summarized briefly. More specific discussions include treatments for osteogenic sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and soft tissue sarcomas.

Bone Neoplasms↗