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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cavernous sinus thrombosis in two Papua New Guineans.

Bilateral cavernous sinus thrombosis developed following minor forehead abrasions in two adult Melanesians in Papua New Guinea. In both cases diagnosis and the institution of appropriate treatment were delayed. The first patient died but the second survived with residual 6th cranial nerve palsy. Whenever this condition is suspected, because of the high case fatality rate, high-dose, intravenous antibiotic treatment which should include an agent effective against penicillinresistant staphylococci should be commenced without delay pending further investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Sigmoid sinus thrombosis, a therapeutic problem].

Thrombosis of the sigmoid sinus is a relatively uncommon illness. It may present in a septic or bland form, and the latter is more or less asymptomatic. Angiography, computerised tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are all at our disposal for diagnosis of both types of thrombosis, and proper diagnosis of the specific form of sinus thrombosis will determine the required therapy. Between 1985 and 1990 six patients with sigmoid sinus thrombosis were treated at the Departments of ENT, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz and Albert Ludwig University, Freiburg, Germany, on an in-patient basis. By means of these cases we present our experience with this uncommon condition.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR diagnosis of dural venous sinus thrombosis complicating L-asparaginase therapy.

Dural venous sinus thrombosis is an important complication of L-asparaginase chemotherapy. The diagnosis and followup of this condition, using spin echo and fast imaging techniques, is described in three patients. Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging is a rapid, noninvasive technique for diagnosis and follow-up of this condition. Fast imaging techniques can improve the assessment of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gadolinium-DTPA enhanced MR imaging of septic dural sinus thrombosis.

We present a case of septic transverse/sigmoid sinus thrombosis imaged with gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced magnetic resonance (MR). The appearance of the septic thrombus was atypical and did not conform to the usual blood degradation products probably because of the septic nature of the process. Enhanced T1-weighted images demonstrate both the "delta" sign and the tentorial enhancement as previously seen with contrast enhanced CT. Surgical correlation was obtained and helps to account for the appearance of the clot on MR.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Dural sinus thrombosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Dural sinus thrombosis developed in two children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during induction treatment with vincristine sulfate, prednisone, and asparaginase. Headache, nausea, emesis, and lethargy were the presenting signs. The diagnosis was confirmed by arteriography. The cause is presumed to be secondary to hypercoagulability due to asparaginase-induced antithrombin III deficiency. The patients received anticoagulation therapy and recovered completely. Only two of the six reported patients without heparinization survived.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1999

Effect of echo contrast media on the visualization of transverse sinus thrombosis with transcranial 3-D duplex sonography.

Transcranial duplex sonography has the capacity of detecting venous flow as in the transverse sinus. During a 6-month period, 28 consecutive patients (mean age 55 y) with a clinically suspected diagnosis of cerebral sinus thrombosis were included in the study. All patients were examined using 3-D ultrasound equipment within 24 h of having undergone either venous computerized tomography (CT), venous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or cerebral angiography. A total of 22 healthy patients had a normal venous CT, venous MRI or cerebral angiography of both transverse sinuses. Before echo contrast enhancement, the transverse sinus could be visualized in only 2 of these 44 sinuses (22 patients). A total of 6 patients with an unilaterally missed transverse sinus in 3-D ultrasound suffered from sinus thrombosis (n = 3), hypoplasia (n = 2) or aplasia (n = 1) of the unilateral transverse sinus in neuroradiological tests. In none of the patients with an thrombosis of the transverse sinus did ultrasound contrast media application improve the visualization of the affected sinus. Our study confirms that the normal transverse sinus, insonated through the contralateral temporal bone, often cannot be visualized without the use of contrast agents. With transcranial 3-D duplex sonography, a differentiation between thrombosis, hypoplasia and aplasia of the sinus was not possible.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Factor V gene A4070G mutation and the risk of cerebral veno-sinus thrombosis occurring during puerperium.

INTRODUCTION: Cerebral veno-sinus thrombosis (CVT) occurring during puerperium is a common form of stroke in young women in India, associated with high mortality and morbidity. Genetic polymorphisms involving coagulation factors are considered to be risk factors for thrombosis. A recently identified polymorphism in factor V gene, A4070G (R2 allele), has been reported as a risk factor for venous thrombosis in some studies. Moreover, the R2 allele has been reported to increase factor V Leiden-related thrombosis risk in doubly heterozygous individuals. The risk associated with the R2 allele has not yet been evaluated in CVT. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of factor V A4070G mutation in Indians and examine its role as a possible risk factor for CVT occurring during puerperium. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated 50 patients with puerperal CVT and 100 healthy women with no post-partum complications for factor V A4070G and G1691A (factor V Leiden) polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among cases, 6 (12%) were heterozygous for the factor V A4070G mutation and none were homozygous. In the control group, 9 (9%) were heterozygous and 3 (3%) were homozygous. The odds ratio was 1.00 (95% CI: 0.31-3.13, p=1.000), suggesting that the risk for CVT was not increased in the presence of the R2 allele. There was no co-inheritance of factor V A4070G with factor V G1691A in any of the subjects. Our study shows that the A4070G mutation in factor V though highly prevalent in the Indian population is not associated with an increased risk of CVT occurring during puerperium in Indian women.

Alleles↗
PubMed1996

Recanalization of the falcine sinus after venous sinus thrombosis.

Thrombosis of the straight and transverse sinuses associated with a large hemorrhagic venous infarct developed in an infant with large chronic subdural fluid collections after drainage of the subdurals. CT and MR studies obtained before and after the onset of venous sinus thrombosis showed interval widening of a segment of the posterior falx between the vein of Galen and the superior sagittal sinus. MR angiography confirmed a recanalized falcine sinus.

Battered Child Syndrome↗
PubMed2000

Long-term outcome of cognition and functional health after cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.

The authors examined cognition and functional health of 57 patients with sinus thrombosis 1 year or more after enrollment in a randomized trial of anticoagulant treatment or placebo. Eight patients died and two declined participation. Of the remaining 47 patients, 16 (35%) had cognitive impairments, 3 (6%) were dependent, 19 (40%) had symptoms that led to restrictions in lifestyle, and 19 (40%) could not resume their previous level of economic activity. Outcome after sinus thrombosis may be less favorable than reported previously, and was not significantly influenced by treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Contrast-enhanced MR imaging of dural sinus thrombosis: demonstration of the thrombosis and collateral venous channels.

In order to study the role of Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging in dural sinus thrombosis, precontrast and postcontrast imaging using Gd-DTPA in three patients with clinically unsuspected dural sinus thrombosis was reviewed. Comparisons were made with cranial CT scanning and cerebral angiography. Compared to CT, the postcontrast T1-weighted images more clearly revealed thrombus in the dural sinuses as a nonenhanced central area of intermediate intensity (but not flow void) surrounded by an enhanced rim. MR imaging also demonstrated secondary changes, including the presence of collateral venous channels and venous infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis: a rare complication in a child with nephrotic syndrome.

A 2-year-old boy with new-onset nephrotic syndrome developed recurrent vomiting, apathy and papilloedema. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis was diagnosed on cranial CT and MRI. He gradually recovered after treatment with heparin, fresh frozen plasma and warfarin with complete resolution of the thrombosis after 1 month. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis is an extremely rare complication of nephrotic syndrome in children. Early diagnosis is essential for institution of anticoagulation therapy and a successful outcome.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed2005

[Improvement of cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic parameters in a patient who presented intracranial hypertension due to superior sinus thrombosis after lumbo-peritoneal shunt: case report].

Cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic changes in intracranial hypertension associated with sinus thrombosis have not been well documented. We report pre- and post-treatment changes in cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic parameters in a 50-year-old male who presented intracranial hypertension due to sinus thrombosis, using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET). He complained of headache, nausea and double vision and was admitted to our hospital. Neurological examinations on admission revealed papilledema on both sides. Cerebrospinal fluid pressure was 28 mmHg. Cerebral angiography showed occlusion of the superior sagittal sinus and retrograde filling of the ascending cortical veins in the bilateral frontal lobes. 123I-IMP SPECT and 15O-gas PET showed a reduction of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism and an extreme elevation of cerebral blood volume in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres. His complaints resolved after lumbo-peritoneal shunt. Postoperative SPECT/PET studies demonstrated improvement of hemodynamic and metabolic parameters. Intracranial hypertension and associated venous congestion were most likely related to hemodynamic and metabolic abnormalities.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗
PubMed1991

[A case of Behçet disease with transverse sinus thrombosis and successful treatment with colchicine].

A 64-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of headache and fever. Four months before admission, he had suffered from thrombophlebitis of the legs, erythema, oral aphtha and genital ulcers, and was diagnosed as having Behçet disease. Several days prior to admission he developed fever and was treated with enoxacine, which caused disorientation and abnormal behavior. These psychiatric symptoms disappeared after enoxacine was discontinued. On admission he was neurologically normal. Fever and headache disappeared spontaneously. However, he complained again of headache, and was suspected to have cerebral sinus thrombosis. Brain CT scan showed no abnormality, but brain MRI and cerebral angiography demonstrated right transverse sinus thrombosis and stasis. He was treated with colchicine, isosorbide, and ticlopidine. Because he had a gastric ulcer, corticosteroids were not indicated. Two months later, brain MRI demonstrated reduction of the size of the sinus thrombosis, and the clinical outcome was favorable. We would like to emphasize the usefulness of MRI and colchicine in the patient with Behçet disease complicated by sinus thromboses.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1997

[A case of dural sinus thrombosis during the medication of medroxyprogesterone acetate].

It is reported that medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) causes venous thrombosis as one of the side effects. A 49-year-old woman suffering from metastatic lung carcinoma from breast carcinoma was administered MPA 1200 mg/day for about four months. Thereafter she complained of dizziness about two weeks but the general practitioners could detect no abnormality on physical examinations and on brain CT X-ray findings. Six days later, she died suddenly at her home. Forensic autopsy findings revealed the marked superior sagital sinus thrombosis and the malignant lymphadenomatosis caused by metastatic lung carcinoma. As the patient had not disease or trauma causing dural sinus thrombosis except for the administration of MPA, we concluded that superior sagital sinus thrombosis was due to the medication of MPA. This case illustrates that forensic pathologist should consider the major side effect of some drugs like our case.

Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal↗